• Language and Information
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.123-140
• /
• 2014

The aim of this paper is twofold: to identify two types of even if concessive conditionals, standing-ifs and introduced-ifs (Bennett 1982) in terms of whether the truth of the consequent is 'entailed' (the consequent-entailment problem in terms of Lycan 2001); and to analyze these two types of concessive conditionals in a compositional way. Here we argue that, following Guerzoni and Lim (2007), even if conditionals can be analyzed as the cases where even gets its focus in conditionals. We also argue that the consequent-entailment problem can be accounted for in a compositional way if we identify the focus as well as the scope of even in conditionals correctly. We further argue that the analysis presented in this paper supports the scope theory of even, among two theories of even previously proposed in various works. We also consider the possibility where concessive conditionals without even can be analyzed as an extension of the analysis proposed in this paper.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.127-134
• /
• 1979

A (0,1) matrix is acyclic if it does not have a permutation matrix of order 2 as a submatrix. A bipartite tournament is acyclic if and only if its adjacency matrix is acyclic. The concepts of (maximal) order of cyclicity of a matrix and a bipartite tournament are introduced and studied.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.58 no.4
• /
• pp.1039-1052
• /
• 2021

In this paper, we introduce and study the class of 𝜙-w-flat modules which are generalizations of both 𝜙-flat modules and w-flat modules. The 𝜙-w-weak global dimension 𝜙-w-w.gl.dim(R) of a commutative ring R is also introduced and studied. We show that, for a 𝜙-ring R, 𝜙-w-w.gl.dim(R) = 0 if and only if w-dim(R) = 0 if and only if R is a 𝜙-von Neumann ring. It is also proved that, for a strongly 𝜙-ring R, 𝜙-w-w.gl.dim(R) ≤ 1 if and only if each nonnil ideal of R is 𝜙-w-flat, if and only if R is a 𝜙-PvMR, if and only if R is a PvMR.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2007.04a
• /
• pp.252-254
• /
• 2007

In this paper, we will introduce an encoding algorithm of LDPC Codes in Direct-Sequence UWB systems. We evaluate the performance of the coded systems in an AWGN channel. This new algorithm is based on the Jacket matrics. Mathematically let A = ($a_{kl}$) be a matnx, if $A^{-1}$ = $(a^{-1}_{kl})^r$,then the matrix A is a Jacket matrix. If the Jacket matrices if Low density, the inverse matrices is also Low density which is very important to the introduced encoding algorithm.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.59 no.3
• /
• pp.725-743
• /
• 2022

In this paper, the concepts of ω-linked homomorphisms, the ω_𝜙-operation, and DW_𝜙 rings are introduced. Also the relationships between ω_𝜙-ideals and ω-ideals over a ω-linked homomorphism 𝜙 : R → T are discussed. More precisely, it is shown that every ω_𝜙-ideal of T is a ω-ideal of T. Besides, it is shown that if T is not a DW_𝜙 ring, then T must have an infinite number of maximal ω_𝜙-ideals. Finally we give an application of Cohen's Theorem over ω-factor rings, namely it is shown that an integral domain R is an SM-domain with ω-dim(R) ≤ 1, if and only if for any nonzero ω-ideal I of R, (R/I)_ω is an Artinian ring, if and only if for any nonzero element α ∈ R, (R/(a))_ω is an Artinian ring, if and only if for any nonzero element α ∈ R, R satisfies the descending chain condition on ω-ideals of R containing a.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 1993.04a
• /
• pp.93-100
• /
• 1993

With increasing technology, requirement to car noise and related dynamics are getting competitive keypoint. Unfortunately, vibro - acoustic behavior of a car is nowadays only possible after development of prototypes. But, obviously, in the Area of Research, many of Industrials, Universities and research centers try to codevelop the design tools to predict the vibro-acoustic behaviors. At this stage, it is more realistic to represent the existing technologies in order for the engineer to get their own know-how to design and to Integrate existing techniques, to setup their test facility, and to develope some tools with which they can successfully predict noise levels of car in the design phase. Moreover, most of the theories which will be represented in this paper can be used in the design phase. At any way, finding the cause of trouble shooting is more urgent than the design of a car to the test engineer. In this paper, transfer path analysis, noise source identification, and the key test method of modal analysis is introduced. Later, if I get the opportunity to present in KSNVE, the approach method of modal analysis is introduced. Later, if I get the opportunity to present in KSNVE, the approach method of finding characteristics of joint and welding part will be introduced. Most parts of this paper was quoted from the papers of LMS.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
• /
• v.54 no.4
• /
• pp.629-638
• /
• 2014

The concept of prime and weakly prime ideal in semigroups has been introduced by G. Szasz [4]. In this paper, we define the involution in po-${\Gamma}$-semigroups, then we extend some results on prime, semiprime and weakly prime ideals to the involution po-${\Gamma}$-semigroup S. Also, we characterize intra-regular involution po-${\Gamma}$-semigroups. We establish that in the involution po-${\Gamma}$-semigroup S such that the involution preserves the order, an ideal of S is prime if and only if it is both weakly prime and semiprime and if S is commutative, then the prime and weakly prime ideals of S coincide. Finally, we prove that if S is a po-${\Gamma}$-semigroup with order preserving involution, then the ideals of S are prime if and only if S is intra-regular.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.56 no.6
• /
• pp.1689-1701
• /
• 2019

Let ${\star}$ be a semistar operation on the integral domain D. In this paper, we prove that D is a $G-{\tilde{\star}}-GCD$ domain if and only if D[X] is a $G-{\star}_1-GCD$ domain if and only if the Nagata ring of D with respect to the semistar operation ${\tilde{\star}}$, $Na(D,{\star}_f)$ is a G-GCD domain if and only if $Na(D,{\star}_f)$ is a GCD domain, where ${\star}_1$ is the semistar operation on D[X] introduced by G. Picozza [12].

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• v.34 no.5_6
• /
• pp.405-419
• /
• 2016

The notion of Γ-semiring was introduced by M. Murali Krishna Rao [8] as a generalization of Γ-ring as well as of semiring. In this paper fuzzy k-ideals, k-fuzzy ideals and fuzzy-2-prime ideals in Γ-semirings have been introduced and study the properties related to them. Let μ be a fuzzy k-ideal of Γ-semiring M with |Im(μ)| = 2 and μ(0) = 1. Then we establish that M_μ is a 2-prime ideal of Γ-semiring M if and only if μ is a fuzzy prime ideal of Γ-semiring M.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
• /
• v.60 no.4
• /
• pp.711-721
• /
• 2020

The concepts of an Amitsur ring and a hereditary Amitsur ring, which were introduced and studied by S. Tumurbat in a recent paper, are generalized. For a positive integer n, a ring A is said to be an n-Amitsur ring if γ(A[Xn]) = (γ(A[Xn]) ∩ A)[Xn] for all radicals γ, where A[Xn] is the polynomial ring over A in n commuting indeterminates. If a ring A satisfies the above equation for all hereditary radicals γ, then A is said to be a hereditary n-Amitsur ring. Characterizations and examples of these rings are provided. Moreover, new radicals associated with n-Amitsur rings are introduced and studied. One of these is a special radical and its semisimple class is polynomially extensible.