• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2024

Recently, intensive research has been conducted to develop innovative methods for diagnosing plant diseases based on hyperspectral technologies. Hyperspectral analysis is a new subject that combines optical spectroscopy and image analysis methods, which makes it possible to simultaneously evaluate both physiological and morphological parameters. Among the physiological and morphological parameters are classifying healthy and diseased plants, assessing the severity of the disease, differentiating the types of pathogens, and identifying the symptoms of biotic stresses at early stages, including during the incubation period, when the symptoms are not visible to the human eye. Plant diseases cause significant economic losses in agriculture around the world as the symptoms of diseases usually appear when the plants are infected severely. Early detection, quantification, and identification of plant diseases are crucial for the targeted application of plant protection measures in crop production. Hence, this can be done by possible applications of hyperspectral sensors and platforms on different scales for disease diagnosis. Further, the main areas of application of hyperspectral sensors in the diagnosis of plant diseases are considered, such as detection, differentiation, and identification of diseases, estimation of disease severity, and phenotyping of disease resistance of genotypes. This review provides a deeper understanding, of basic principles and implementation of hyperspectral sensors that can measure pathogen-induced changes in plant physiology. Hence, it brings together critically assessed reports and evaluations of researchers who have adopted the use of this application. This review concluded with an overview that hyperspectral sensors, as a non-invasive system of measurement can be adopted in early detection, identification, and possible solutions to farmers as it would empower prior intervention to help moderate against decrease in yield and/or total crop loss.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2024

Background: This study was conducted to apply active release techniques to male youth basketball players to help improve physical development and damage prevention and improve performance through improved balance and functional movement. Design: Randomized control trial. Methods: The subjects included 33 youth basketball players who were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n=17) and the control group (n=16). For the experimental group, the active release technique was applied to the hip muscles, calf muscles, posterior thigh muscles based on the distribution of injuries surveyed in youth basketball players in the Korean Basksetball League. The Y-balance test and the functional reach test (FRT) were used to assess balance and the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) was used to assess functional movement. Interventions were conducted twice a week for 4 weeks at 40 minutes per session. The experimental group was the active release technique group, and static stretching, a common exercise therapy technique, and self-myofascial release using a foam roller were applied for 20 minutes. The control group received general exercise therapy and placebo active release technique. The placebo active release technique applies pressure only. results:The experimental group showed a greater improvement in balance, as evidenced by the FRT, compared to the control group, which received general exercise treatment. However, there was no statistically significant difference in improvement between the 2 groups. In the case of the experimental group, the difference in the Y balance test before and after the intervention was larger than that of the control group, but there was no statistically significant difference. Significant improvement was found in functional movement, as evidence by the FMS, for the trunk stability test (p < 0.05), in-line lunge test (p < 0.05), rotational stability test (p < 0.05), total score (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this study, the active release technique improved the balance and functional movement of young basketball players more than general exercise therapy. The application of the active release technique is therefore expected to assist in physical development, prevent damage, and improve the performance of youth basketball players.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.206-212
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the lasting effects of the flossing band technique, dynamic and static stretching on hamstring on range of motion (ROM), muscle activity, and proprioception to identify the most effective pre-exercise method for preventing injuries. Methods: Thirty participants were randomly assigned to the flossing band (FB), dynamic stretching (DS), and static stretching (SS) groups, with 10 subjects in each. Measurements included muscle activity of the biceps femoris vis surface electromyography, knee ROM and proprioception during active knee extension and flexion using a smart joint goniometer. Assessments were conducted before, immediately after, 15, and 30 minutes after each intervention. Results: Proprioception showed no significant differences among groups at any time point. Significant differences in knee ROM were observed in the FB group (except between 15 and 30 minutes after), DS group (except between immediately after and 15 minutes after, and between 15 and 30 minutes after), and SS group (except between before and 15 minutes after, and between before and 30 minutes after). Muscle activity in the FB (except between before and 30 minutes after, and between 15 and 30 minutes after) and SS (between before and immediately after, between immediately after and 30 minutes after, and between 15 and 30 minutes after) groups showed significant differences, while the DS group exhibited no significant changes. Conclusion: Although direct comparisons did not establish superiority, within-group analyses indicated that the flossing band technique exhibited longer-lasting effects than dynamic and static stretching, providing valuable insights for injury prevention program design.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.167-176
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• 2023

Purpose: Due to the high incidence of shoulder injuries, including shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS), among CrossFit practitioners due to frequent overhead movements, serratus anterior exercises are considered crucial for scapular stabilization in both intervention and prevention. Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the muscle activity and ratios of scapular stabilizing and shoulder girdle muscles between individuals with and without SIS during serratus punch and wall slide exercises, both targeting the serratus anterior muscle, in CrossFit training practitioners. Methods: Surface electromyography was used to compare the muscle activity and activity ratio of scapular stabilizing muscles and shoulder muscles during serratus punch and wall slide exercises in two groups of 20 CrossFit practitioners: ten with SIS and ten without symptoms. Results: The group with SIS showed higher activation of the pectoralis major, upper trapezius, and a higher pectoralis major/serratus anterior and upper trapezius/serratus anterior muscle activation ratio during the serratus punch exercise compared to the group without SIS. Similarly, during the wall slide exercise, the group with SIS exhibited higher activation of the upper trapezius and a higher upper trapezius/serratus anterior muscle activation ratio compared to the group without SIS. However, no significant difference in serratus anterior muscle activation was observed between the two groups. Conclusions: This study highlights the higher activation of the pectoralis major and upper trapezius muscles in CrossFit practitioners with SIS during the serratus anterior exercise, suggesting the importance of minimizing the overactivation of these muscles to prevent impingement syndrome in this population.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of preoperative patient-controlled analgesia(PCA) education program on older patients with spine surgery. Methods: A quasi-experimental research with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was conducted to investigate the impact of a PCA education program before surgery on postoperative pain, pain knowledge and attitudes, and frequency of additional analgesic use. The sample size for experimental and control group was 55 respectively. Results: The experimental group, which underwent the PCA education program, had lower postoperative pain scores compared to the control group. Furthermore, the experimental group exhibited a higher level of knowledge on PCA (p<.001) and more positive attitudes toward analgesic use (p<.001). While there was a significant difference in the use of opioid analgesics for additional pain relief between two groups (p<.001), there was no significant difference in the use of non-opioid analgesics. Conclusion: The implementation of the PCA education program was found to increase knowledge and positive attitudes on the use of PCA. Moreover, it significantly alleviated pain, particularly during physical activity, within initial 48 hours after spinal surgey in older patients. Therefore, the findings of this study supported that the PCA education program could be used as a preoperative intervention to alleviate postoperative pain for older patients with spinal surgery.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.97-108
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• 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of herbal medicine treatment for Colles fractures through a systematic review and to provide evidence for applying herbal medicine treatment. Methods We searched for papers published from January 1, 2018 to October 18, 2023, in PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure based on the keyword 'Colles fracture', 'Chinese traditional medicine', 'Chinese medicine', 'herbal medicine', 'drugs, chinese herbal', 'kampo', 'decoction', 'capsule', 'powder'. Results A total of 51 studies were searched at first research. Then the studies were screening according to the criteria, and 13 studies were finally selected. The oriental medical intervention analyzed in this study was an orally administered herbal medicine. Conclusions Studies have shown that herbal medicine has a significant effect on Colles fractures. However, all studies were assessed as having a high risk of bias. In the future, further well-designed studies are needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of herbal medicine for Colles fractures and reduce the risk of bias.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.672-680
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• 2023

Background: Korean Red Ginseng (KRG), the steamed root of Panax ginseng, has pharmacological activities for immunological and neurodegenerative disorders. But, the role of KRGE in multiple sclerosis (MS) remains unclear. Purpose: To determine whether KRG extract (KRGE) could inhibit demyelination in corpus callosum (CC) of cuprizone (CPZ)-induced murine model of MS Methods: Male adult mice were fed with a standard chow diet or a chow diet supplemented with 0.2% (w/w) CPZ ad libitum for six weeks to induce demyelination while were simultaneously administered with distilled water (DW) alone or KRGE-DW (0.004%, 0.02 and 0.1% of KRGE) by drinking. Results: Administration with KRGE-DW alleviated demyelination and oligodendrocyte degeneration associated with inhibition of infiltration and activation of resident microglia and monocyte-derived macrophages as well as downregulation of proinflammatory mediators in the CC of CPZ-fed mice. KRGE-DW also attenuated the level of infiltration of Th1 and Th17) cells, in line with inhibited Mrna expression of IFN-γ and IL-17, respectively, in the CC. These positive effects of KRGE-DW mitigated behavioral dysfunction based on elevated plus maze and the rotarod tests. Conclusion: The results strongly suggest that KRGE-DW may inhibit CPZ-induced demyelination due to its oligodendroglial protective and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting infiltration/activation of immune cells. Thus, KRGE might have potential in therapeutic intervention for MS.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2023

Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency in branched chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKAD). Between 1997, when Korea's MSUD case was first reported, and 2023, 14 cases were reported in the literature. 29% of the cases experienced developmental delay, and 29% expired. The prevalence of MSUD in Korea was estimated to be 1 in 230,000. Of 21 MSUD patients currently being treated at the Korea Genetics Research Center, 19 were detected through newborn screening program, and 2 were diagnosed by the symptoms. 14 MSUD patients had confirmed genetic mutations; 6 (43%) were BCKDHA and 8 (57%) were BCKDHB. In one case, a large deletion was observed. 4 patients had leucine levels above 2,000 (umo/L), and post-dialysis diet therapy was initiated in the newborn period. No patient required further dialysis as diet therapy and regular monitoring proved highly effective. Most MSUD patients were growing normally; weight and height growth were above the 50th percentile in 76% of the cases while BMI values were higher than normal in 71% of cases. Developmental delays were observed only in 2 cases (10%) and anticonvulsant use in 3 cases (14%). With newborn screening available to all Korean infants, early diagnosis and intervention should allow most patients to remain asymptomatic. However, ongoing surveillance, dietary management and continued patient compliance as well as rapid correction of acute metabolic decompensations remain critical to a favorable long-term prognosis.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제84권6호
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• pp.1397-1402
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• 2023

결절성 근막염은 양성 섬유모세포 증식으로 유방에는 드물게 보고된다. 저자들은 악성 영상 소견을 보인 55세 여자 환자의 증례를 보고한다. 유방촬영술에서 오른쪽 유방에 유방조직과 비슷한 밀도를 보인 부분적으로 경계가 불명확한 결절이 보였고 인공지능 점수는 75%였다. 초음파에서 미세 소엽상 경계, 주변부 고에코를 가진 타원형의 저에코 결절이 보였고 증가된 혈류와 부드러운 탄성도를 보였다. 조직검사와 수술 후 결절성 근막염으로 진단되었다. 결절성 근막염은 유방에서 드물지만, 악성과 비슷하게 보일 수 있다. 따라서 불필요한 중재시술을 막기 위해 감별진단으로 고려되어야 한다.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제85권2호
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• pp.428-433
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• 2024

이중 좌전하행 관상 동맥은 일반 인구에서 약 1%의 유병률을 보이는 드문 선천성 기형이다. 지금까지 이중 좌전하행 관상동맥 기형은 10가지 유형으로 보고되었다. 그중 제4형 이중 좌전하행 관상동맥은 가장 희귀한 유형 중 하나이다. 이중 좌전하행 관상동맥에 대한 지식과 인식은 정확한 진단과 관상동맥 우회 수술 및 경피적 관상동맥 중재술을 계획하는 데 중요하다. 저자들은 수개월 동안 소화불량과 발한을 주소로 내원하였고 짧은 좌전하행 관상동맥의 주요 대각분지에 약 50%-70% 협착이 있었던, 제4형 이중 좌전하행 관상동맥 기형을 가진 59세 남성의 증례를 보고하고자 한다.