• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.96 no.3
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• pp.290-294
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• 2007

Interspecific hybrid seedlings by artificial crossing of Genus Quercus (Q. serrata, Q. dentata, Q. mongolica var. crispula, Q. aliena) were planted at nursery in Tottori University. Seedlings of hybrids by natural crossing(Q. fabri and $Q.{\times}mccormickii$) were selected and planted at Hiruzen district in Tottori University. Artificial interspecific hybrid $F_1$ and natural hybrid $F_1$ bloomed when they were 4 years old and 3 years old, respectively. The pollen fertility and seed viability were investigated from the bloomed individuals in 2001. The germination percentages of the pollens of artificial interspecific hybrid were more than 84% except one individual, and the extension of pollen tubes was normal. The normal seed percentages of artificial interspecific hybrid were more than 90% similar to parents. Germination percentages of normal seed of natural crossing family were more than 64%, respectively, and selfed offsprings of Q. fabri, and $Q.{\times}mccormickii$ hade high reproductive ability.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.145-161
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• 2015

This research was conducted in order to understand the hybridization between Quercus aliena Blume and Q. serrata Murray in Korea which show wide range of morphological variations within species and interspecific variations of diverse overlapping characteristics caused by hybridization. Morphological analysis (principal components analysis; PCA) of 116 individuals representing two species and their intermediates were performed. As a result, two species were clearly distinguished in terms of morphology, and intermediate morpho-types assumed to be hybrids between the two species were mostly located in the middle of each parent species in the plot of the principal components analysis. There was a clear distinction between two species in trichome distribution pattern which is an important diagnostic character in taxonomy of genus Quercus, whereas intermediate morpho-types showed intermediate state between two species' trichome distributions. Forty-two individuals representing two species and their intermediates were examined for leaf flavonoid constituents. Twenty-three flavonoid compounds were isolated and identified: They were glycosylated derivatives of flavonols, kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin and myricetin. The flavonoid constituents of Q. aliena were five glycosylated derivatives: kaempferol 3-O-galactoside, kaempferol 3-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-galactoside, quercetin 3-O-glucoside, and Isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside. The flavonoid constituents of Q. serrata had 20 diverse flavonol compounds including five flavonoid compounds found in Q. aliena. It was found that there is a clear difference in flavonoid constituents of Q. aliena and Q. serrata. Flavonoid chemistry is very useful in recognizing each species and putative hybrids. The flavonoid constituents of intermediates were a mixture of the two species' constituents and they generally showed similar characteristics to morpho-types. The hybrids between Q. aliena and Q. serrata showed morphologically and chemically diverse characteristics and it is assumed that there are frequent interspecific hybridization and introgression.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.266-272
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• 2009

Morphological characteristics of leaves, trichomes and acorns were investigated in 6-year-old artificial hybrids of Q. aliena ${\times}$ Q. mongolica var. crispula and Q. serrata ${\times}$ Q. mongolica var. crispula. Leaf shapes of Q. aliena ${\times}$ Q. mongolica var. crispula $F_{1}$ were obovate and resembled to that of Q. aliena. But several characters including the size of leaf and petiole and the shape of leaf base resembled to those of Q. mongolica var. crispula. In F1 hybrids, small stellate hairs distributed sparsely on the abaxial surface and their lay length was intermediate between both parents. There were no big differences on characters of nuts and cupules between both parents and $F_{1}$ hybrids. Leaf shapes of Q. serrata ${\times}$ Q. mongolica var. crispula $F_{1}$ were obovate-elliptic, and the leaf shape and leaf base and the length of petiole resembled to those of Q. mongolica var. crispula, but leaf size and serration resembled to those of Q. serrata. The number of serration in a leaf was intermediate between both parents. Small stellate hairs distributed sparsely and large single hairs were mixed on the reverse side of leaves. there were no big differences on the number and size of stellate hairs between $F_{1}$ hybrid and Q. serrata. It is able to distinguish $F_{1}$ hybrids from both parents by the size leaf size and shapes, leaf base and serration, petiole length and trichome type in the leaf.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.87 no.2
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• pp.194-200
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• 1998

The difference in leaf bud flushing times of Quercus species and their hybrids was compared among the trees from natural forest, seedlings from natural pollination and artificial crossing. In the natural forest of the Hiruzen experimental forest of Tottori University, Japan, Quercus species flushed in the order of Q. crispula > Q. anguste-lepidota > Q. takatorensis ${\fallingdotseq}$ Q. serrate > Q. dentata. The flushing time of seedlings from natural pollination was in the order of Q. aliena ${\fallingdotseq}$ Q. crispula > Q. angustelepidota > Q. takatorensis ${\fallingdotseq}$ Q. serrate > Q. dentata. The flushing times of $F_1$ hybrids by artificial crossing were between those of parental species. From the result of interspecific hybridization, it is shown that the earliness of flushing in Quercus species is a genetic character considered hereditable to progenies.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.57-80
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• 2005

Morphological variation of Quercus L. subgen. Quercus in Korea was examined by numerical methods including principal components analysis of major morphological characters. Principal components analysis revealed the presence of five major species groups of the subgen. Quercus in Korea; these include 1) a group consisiting of Q. acutissima and Q. variabilis individuals, 2) Q. dentata, 3) Q. aliena, 4) Q. mongolica, and 5) Q. serrata. The putative interspecific hybrid individuals occupied intermediate position between the putative parent species in the PCA plot. The analysis also strongly suggested that size and shape of leaf blade and teeth or lobes, twig diameter, size and shape of nuts, and length and width of scales are very useful in distinguishing the species and the putative hybrids of the subgen. Quercus.