• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.845-848
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• 2005

Technology transfer (TT) has been defined as the shared responsibility between the source and the destination for ensuring that technology is accepted and at least understood by someone with the knowledge and resources to apply and/or use the technology. The adoption of TT in construction industries is necessary for economic growth to occur in developing countries such as Thailand. This process should provide numerous benefits for the host sector in areas such as increased productivity, enhancement of product quality, cost savings, improvements in market share and entry to new markets. However, there are many factors, which may impact on the TT process and its subsequent outcomes for Thai construction firms and individuals, including, the transfer environment, learning environment, transferor characteristics and transferee characteristics. The performance and interaction of these enablers will influence the degree of value added to the local construction sectors in areas such as economic advancement, knowledge advancement and project performance. This paper presents a conceptual framework for international TT that accommodates the numerous factors believed to impact on the processes effectiveness. Through a Pilot Study, where 27 industry professionals from Thailand were interviewed, the significant factors which impact on the TT process have been identified along with the strength of interrelationship between individual and groups of factors. Future research seeks to target a greater sample of respondents with the view to validate the conceptual model and apply it on a number of large Thai projects where international TT was incorporated into the project agreement.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.311-330
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• 2006

As issues of education, employment and so on, the medical issue is one of the hot spots of society in China today. The health system reform which was pushed ahead after China's Revolution and open to the outside world hasn't received great progress. Many actual problems haven't been solved, for example it is difficult and expensive to see a doctor. With the development of the economy and society, the citizen's legal consciousness has gradually risen. They make a claim for better medical service. At the same time, the number of the disputes of medical care arises annually. China has sped up the opening of service trade for fulfilling promises of entry the WTO since 2001. China has already opened many service trade fields, including medical field. From the domestic perspective, there are many problems in domestic medical department. From the international perspective, China's present medical level falls behind the world advanced medical level. Under this background, it is a bold act for China to open the medical service field to foreign investors. Today, a huge medical service market is developed in China. However, the government's investment to medical devices and the financing channels is limited. Therefore, it is inevitable that individuals, social organizations and foreign investors invest to the medical market. In view of the situation, Chinese government issued a series of relevant laws and rules. In recent years, many multinational companies, consortiums, charitable institutions, enterprises and individuals establish various medical institutions in China. But there are rare research in the actuality and legal subject of foreign investment to Chinese medical market. Hence, it is necessary to realize the actuality of foreign investment to Chinese medical market, to familiar with the elements and procedure of establishing foreign joint and cooperative medical institution. Meanwhile, analyzing the existing problems and posing the legal subject have important theoretic and practical value.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.64-73
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• 2020

The importance of international co-production that enables content production, diversification of overseas markets, and diversification has been highlighted as demand for content has soared due to intensifying competition between media outlets, while contents provision has become easier due to changes in media environment such as convergence of broadcasting and communication and the spread of mobile Internet. In particular, the boom in Korean dramas, called the Korean Wave in China, opened up a new market after "My Love from the Star" in 2014, and in 2016, Netflix's entry into Korea served as an opportunity for local broadcasters and producers to seek international co-production. In addition, "Good Doctor" which was aired on American Broadcasting Co. (ABC) in 2017, has topped the same time slot for the first time in 29 years, and is set to air season 4 this fall. Accordingly, overseas broadcasters and production companies wanted to collaborate with domestic broadcasters and producers, and since 2011, they have conducted a total of 12 co-produced dramas until 2019. Unfortunately, however, there are few studies related to international co-production dramas in the domestic industry and academia. In this paper, we present to help Korea, which used to be a powerhouse in complete export-type content, move toward becoming a powerhouse in international co-produced dramas. In addition, it is meaningful that the research focused on the current status and achievements of international co-production dramas, which have not been studied much, and the diversity of international co-production dramas in the future through the analysis of the form and structure of international co-production.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.911-916
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to review and suggest coastal shipping policies for introduction of WIG craft into domenstic passenger shipping market. Two Korean companies are leading in the development of WIG craft as an innovative sea transportation vehicle, and it is awaiting for commercialization. WIG craft is expected to be commercialized from coastal passenger market and we used AHP method to investigate the major factors and its' priority for smooth market entry. The results shows that priorities are on the WIG craft legislation, dock installation and operation, port state control, and pilot hiring and training, craft maintenance, and ship's certification in order.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.37-56
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• 2016

The purpose of this research is to present the implication for Korean firms' entry into the power market in Myanmar. This study investigated the characteristics of the Myanmar power market and analyzed SWOT, focusing on energy policy, power supply and demand, energy relations with neighboring countries and climate change issue. Opportunity factors are changes in energy strategies, the launch of an energy integration organization, changes in the power energy portfolio, rapid economic and power demand growth, and a clean development mechanism. The threats are high nonfulfillment of a contract, high power loss rates and low electricity distribution rates, increased energy exports to neighboring countries, and vulnerability to climate change. We suggest the use of CHP (Combined Heat and Power), Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), and Multilateral Development Bank (MDB).

• Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.552-559
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• 2011

China is a one of the largest agricultural countries in the world. China consumes around 12.5 billion kilograms of seeds each year. Suchhuge demand for seeds has made the Chinese seed market more and more attractive for investment. Through analysis on the present situation and existing problems of the seed industry in China and based on the current Chinese seed industry development, some future prospects for investments are indicated. This investigation was carried out to propose the appropriate strategies on the development of the Korea seed industry as it considers its entry into the China seed market as a new growth engine in the agricultural sector. The basic law regulating the Chinese seed industry is the PRC Seed Law that generally refers to the protection of germplasm resources, verification of varieties, seed quality issues, the import and export of seeds, seed administrative management, and various rights and obligations. The regulations were aimed at the protection of the rights concerning new varieties of plants. China has two main industry associations, the National Seed Association and the China Seed Industry IP Union, that are non-profit associations consisting of entities and people engaging in the seed scientific research, production, operation and management. The China National Seed Group Co., Ltd. ("Sino Seeds") is the market leader in China regarding the seed industry. The chinese government, however, encourages investment from multinational companies as well as importation of modern crop planting management technologies and equipment. It supports the entry of investors with proven experiences in breeding and germplasm resources expansion and R&D. There has never been a better time for multinational companies with proven seed industry experience to look at building relationships with the Chinese government and enterprises.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.43-54
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• 2018

In recent years, international cooperation has become important not only at the humanitarian level but also at the socio-economic level. As a result, major foreign countries are increasing capital-intensive international cooperation. In this environment, Korea needs to look for differentiated international cooperation plans centered on sustainable talent cultivation and move away from capital-based international cooperation. In this study, we analyzed the case of HRD (Human Resource Development) center in Cambodia as an international cooperation model between industry-academia-college for training software (SW) workforce. The HRD Center in Cambodia is an educational institution that fosters SW talent and can be viewed as an international cooperation model that can influence the ICT industry in Cambodia as an educational platform. In fact, 190 people who have been hired so far have entered various fields. 97% of graduates have been satisfied with HRD center and 90% of them are willing to recommend the center. In particular, as highlighted in the case study, the HRD Center has had a positive effect on not only cultivating self-initiated learning-based SW talent, but also formulating positive image of Korea and Korean companies thereby facilitating entry into the global market. The HRD Center in Cambodia has developed a virtuous cycle of fostering human resources, providing education, advancing industry and building a cooperative network. Korea has transformed into a platform for international cooperation and human resource development and education by providing active support and aid. This case study will be utilized as a new model of international cooperation with SW expert training platform for Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.103-114
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• 2016

The global trade partners have been diversified and mixed in agricultural market, which is expended the international agri-food market through the Regional Trade Agreement and World Trade Organization, etc. The aim of this study is to derive influential factors for exports increases of agricultural products targeting to Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN). We set the equation for agricultural products exports referred to panel gravity model considering panel fixed effect for controlling endogeneity within variables. The results of this study are the follows; (1) Social economic distance considering international oil price negatively affects in the mushroom model; (2) Korean GDP affects (-) in a mushroom model and (+) in a vegetable model, however, ASEAN's per capita GDP indicates opposite influence in the same model; (3) Relative exchange rate shows negative impact in a vegetable model; (4) The entry status into WTO and the status in force of FTA have converse effects in mushroom and vegetable model, respectively.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.23
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• pp.341-372
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• 2004

Since China was admitted to the World Trade Organization (WTO) on December 11, 2001, China has sped up its active participation in the competition of the world economy by lifting its trade and investment restrictions and limits. Its trading system is getting more and more free and its huge market with a population of 1.3 billion has been getting more and more open. With Chinas WTO accession, China has been honoring its commitments to its WTO members by complying with international business practices and WTO rules. For example, it will cut down its import tariffs for automobiles from the present 80% to 25% by 2006. Its financial sector and service industries are open to foreign investors now. As Chinas biggest business partner, Japan has benefited tremendously from Chinas open policies and deepening economic reform. In order to reduce the costs of production, a large number of enterprises from Japan have set up production bases in China since a Chinese workers wages accounts for only one tenth of those of a Japanese worker on the average. Japan has become one of Chinas biggest investors on a par with the United States of America (USA). How are the Japanese enterprises in Japan and in China adjusting themselves to the rapid changes of the Chinese market? What characteristics do the Japanese enterprises in China have? What effects has Chinas WTO accession had on those Japanese enterprises that have invested in China? This paper finds answers to the above questions. It at first reviews the Sino-Japanese economic and trade relations since 1980s, then analyses the situation and characteristics of Japanese-invested enterprises in China, and explores their problems in China. Finally it puts forward some suggestions for the Japanese enterprises in China.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1-32
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to investigate upon a diversification strategy through market creation of CJ Group, which has contributed in positioning of the firm as one of the leading conglomerates in South Korea. With such objective, the background of CJ Group, followed by its business diversification strategies were explored, with reference to several case studies. The history of CJ Group began with establishment of CheilJedang Industrial Corporation in 1953, as the first domestic sugar producer and exporter of South Korea. The corporation gradually expanded its business ever since at both national and global level, to include the fields of food production, pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and life chemicals. Later, CheilJedang (CJ) Group was established as an affiliate of CheilJedang Industrial Corporation. With such independence, extension of business has been witnessed across the industries of media, entertainment, finance, information technology and distribution. Thus, the current CJ Group pursues to define itself as a progressive global living culture company with four major business categories from food and food service, biotechnology, entertainment and media, and logistics. Despite its success in today's market, CJ Group underwent hardships in its business diversification in 1990s due to indiscreet management, along with the Asian financial crisis. Here, many firms overcame the financial difficulties by taking advantage of the exchange rate for overseas expansion. Though, CJ Group tried to differentiate itself by focusing on the domestic market by creating something out of nothing. Hence, CJ Group takes a unique position among many cases of business diversification and their categorization. In an effort to identify and classify the types of growth experienced by the top 30 companies in South Korea, the firms were categorized into four groups according to their diversification strategies adapted after the Asian financial crisis. Based on the mode and time of entry, corporations were identified either as the 'Explorer', 'Invader', 'Venture Capitalist', or 'Assimilator'. Here, the majority of the firms showed the qualities of Invader, entering mature markets through large-scaled mergers and acquisitions. However, CJ Group was the only firm that was categorized as an Explorer, for its focus on the newly emerging service sector in culture-contents industry. This diversification strategy through market creation is worth examining, due to its contribution in generating simultaneous growth between the market and the company itself. Diverse brands of CJ Group have been referred to as case studies in this regard, from 'Hatban', 'Cine de Chef', 'VIPS' to 'CJ GLS'. These four businesses, each to represent processed food, film, restaurant service, and logistics industries respectively, show CJ Group's effectiveness in creating a whole new category of goods and services that are innovative. In fact, such businesses not only contributed in advancement of consumers' wellbeing, but toward generating additional value and employment. It is true that the diversification strategy of CJ Group requires long-term capital investment with high risk, compared to the other strategies mentioned in the paper. However, this model does create high employment and additional values that are positive to both the society and the firm itself. Therefore, the paper comes to a conclusion that the diversification strategy through market creation conveys the most positive impact relative to the others.