• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.18-27
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• 2020

This study was cross sectional descriptive survey study to analysis effect of health perception and mental health status on the quality of life in the late middle aged people (45-65 years old). The data for the study were collected online from November 20 to December 10, 2019, from those who agreed to participate in the study voluntarily. A total of 192 data were used for the study. This study analyzed the Pearson correlation analysis, Descriptive analysis and Regression analysis using SPSS 18.0. As a result, the participants were 41.7% male and 58.3% female. The age group was 45-50 years old 4.2%, 51-55 years old 20.8%, 56-60 years old 54.1% and 61-65% 20.8%. Mental health status was associated with physical QOL(r=-347, p<0.01), Psychological QOL(r=-.439, p<0.01), and Social QOL(r=.280, p<0.01). Subjective health perception was associated with physical QOL(r=-589, p<0.01), Psychological QOL(r=.222, p<0.01), and Social QOL(r=.286, p<0.01). subjective health perception was found to affect all sub-factors except environmental quality of life under the statistical significance (p<0.01).

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.193-202
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• 2019

Purpose : The study was conducted to analyze the differences in perceptions, attitudes, and knowledge of health tourism students' medical tourism industry as a basic data for improving the curriculum for human resource development that can be activated by the medical tourism industry. Methods : The questionnaires were directly distributed and retrieved from 394 university students attending 4 year college health department and tourism department of some regions (IRB approval number, KW-2017-05). The questionnaire used the Likert 5-point scale to analyze differences in perceptions, attitudes, and knowledge levels in the medical tourism industry. Independent sample t tests were conducted to examine the differences in perceptions, attitudes, and knowledge about the medical tourism industry between the two groups. Results : Results obtained from this study are as follows. 1. Differences in perceptions of the medical tourism industry were 3.44 points for health and 3.45 points for tourism (p<.05). 2. The difference in attitude level was 2.28 for health and 2.79 for tourism. And that tourism has a high perception and attitude. The knowledge of medical tourism industry was 5.93 in health department and 7.11 in sight tourism, and the tourism sector was significantly higher (p<.001). 3. As a result of analysis on attitudes, interest, direct and indirect experience, practical knowledge acquisition, and development possibility were all statistically significant. 4. 98.6 % of the health students and 97.8 % of the tourism students did not obtain the qualification for the qualification of the international medical tourism coordinator. However, in the future, respondents who answered that they have obtained the certificate of international medical tourism coordinator responded positively to 54.9 % of tourism department and 25.2 % of health department. Conclusion : A systematic education of the medical tourism industry will improve the level of human resource development in the medical tourism industry, including the acquisition of international medical tourism coordinator certification, as well as the level of medical tourism industry awareness, knowledge and attitude.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.215-221
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• 2020

Background: The aim of this study is to illustrate the historical role of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH) congresses as an arena where national and international occupational medicine can dialogue and as the first example of scientific transferability of the research and prevention results that have had such an impact on global public health. Methods: We used the ICOH Heritage Repository, in which ICOH congress proceedings (from the first congress in Milan in 1906 to the last congress, held in Dublin in 2018), are organised in an orderly way, updated and easily accessible according to open access logic. Results: We describe studies by three physicians who submitted significant scientific work to ICOH congresses, one on the battle against ancylostomiasis (Volante, 1906), the second (Quarelli, 1928) on carbon disulphide poisoning, and the third (Viola, 1969) on the carcinogenicity of vinyl chloride monomer. Priority is given to Italian cases, on account of the authors' obvious familiarity with the issues. Conclusion: The visibility offered in ICOH conferences and their published proceedings has boosted the international spread of their findings, contributing to the scientific transferability of the research results and influencing the development of policies and prevention interventions that have had a great impact on global public health.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.290-305
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• 2019

As laws regarding the execution of governmental and public corporate advertising have been enforced since 2018, the need for the increase in effectiveness and public benefits of governmental advertising has been suggested. This research focuses on the government's health campaigns regarding well-being, hygiene, and safety and thus conducts an in-depth research into strategies and the future course of policies. First, it analyzes domestic/international governmental advertising in the realm of health campaigns and specifically studies governmental advertising that employs media technologies in health communications. Furthermore, through in-depth interview with 10 health campaign experts, the study explores possible plans of utilizing the ever-developing field of digital technology. The results of this research show that it is imperative to target and strategize according to the purposes of health campaigns. It is also important to set the appropriate parameters of the campaigns according to the given budget while securing the quantity and quality of creativity. Also, it will be crucial to utilize media technology to the fullest extent and strategize around it. Therefore, this research suggests theoretical as well as practical strategic plans to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of governmental advertising in the realm of well-being, hygiene, and safety in health campaigns.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.538-545
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• 1999

Objective : To compare the predictive power of International Classification of Diseases 10th Edition(ICD-10) based International Classification of Diseases based Injury Severity Score(ICISS) with Trauma and Injury Severity Score(TRISS) and International Classification of Diseases 9th Edition Clinical Modification(ICD-9CM) based ICISS in the injury severity measure. Methods : ICD-10 version of Survival Risk Ratios(SRRs) was derived from 47,750 trauma patients from 35 Emergency Centers for 1 year. The predictive power of TRISS, the ICD-9CM based ICISS and ICD-10 based ICISS were compared in a group of 367 severely injured patients admitted to two university hospitals. The predictive power was compared by using the measures of discrimination(disparity, sensitivity, specificity, misclassification rates, and ROC curve analysis) and calibration(Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit statistics), all calculated by logistic regression procedure. Results : ICD-10 based ICISS showed a lower performance than TRISS and ICD-9CM based ICISS. When age and Revised Trauma Score(RTS) were incorporated into the survival probability model, however, ICD-10 based ICISS full model showed a similar predictive power compared with TRISS and ICD-9CM based ICISS full model. ICD-10 based ICISS had some disadvantages in predicting outcomes among patients with intracranial injuries. However, such weakness was largely compensated by incorporating age and RTS in the model. Conclusions : The ICISS methodology can be extended to ICD-10 horizon as a standard injury severity measure in the place of TRISS, especially when age and RTS were incorporated in the model. In patients with intracranial injuries, the predictive power of ICD-10 based ICISS was relatively low because of differences in the classifying system between ICD-10 and ICD-9CM.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.125-137
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• 2020

Objectives: This study was aimed to present the experts' opinions for the successful application of Korean traditional medical practices (KTMPs) to the International Classification of Health Intervention (ICHI). Methods: Two doctors of Korean Medicine and two health information managers who had tried coding 131 KTMPs using ICHI participated in the focus group discussion. The remarks from the discussion were summarized according to the thematic analysis method. Results: The participants expected ICHI to be mainly used for statistics when applied to TKMPs. It can be used for payment systems as well, but it was expected that additional work would be required. They thought the current version of the ICHI did not sufficiently reflect the KMTPs of the real world, and even the interventions already included in the ICHI were not explained enough in the system. They thought it would not be easy to explain more KTMPs within the current structure of the ICHI, but they also said it seemed possible. In the process, rather than adding entirely new stem codes, it would be better to generate new combinations of the existing codes, to suppose subdivided codes, and to utilize the include terms or extension codes. Conclusions: For the successful introduction of ICHI, clarifying the definition of each intervention of KTMPs is a top priority. In addition, it is necessary to continue the matching work of ICHI - KMPTs and also required to make this effort together with the field of traditional medicine and complementary medicine worldwide.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.17
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• pp.7357-7362
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• 2014

Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a central proinflammatory cytokine, maintains immune homeostasis and also plays important roles in cervical cancer. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate any associations of IL-6 gene polymorphisms at positions -174 and -572 with predisposition to cervical cancer in a Chinese population. The present hospital-based case-control study comprised 518 patients with cervical cancer and 518 healthy controls. Polymorphisms of the IL-6 gene were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Patients with cervical cancer had a significantly higher frequency of the IL-6 -174 CC genotype [odds ratio (OR) =1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.06-2.19; p=0.02], IL-6 -572 CC genotype (OR =1.91, 95% CI = 1.16-3.13; p=0.01) and IL-6 -174 C allele (OR =1.21, 95% CI = 1.02-1.44; p=0.03) compared to healthy controls. When stratifying by the FIGO stage, patients with III-IV cervical cancer had a significantly higher frequency of IL-6 -174 CC genotype (OR =1.64, 95% CI =1.04-2.61; p=0.04). The CC genotypes of the IL-6 gene polymorphisms at positions -174 and -572 may confer a high risk of cervical cancer. Additional studies with detailed human papillomavirus (HPV) infection data are warranted to validate our findings.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.663-669
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• 2014

Background: With recent progress in health science administration, a huge amount of data has been collected from thousands of subjects. Statistical and computational techniques are very necessary to understand such data and to make valid scientific conclusions. The purpose of this paper was to develop a statistical probability model and to predict future survival times for male breast cancer patients who were diagnosed in the USA during 1973-2009. Materials and Methods: A random sample of 500 male patients was selected from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. The survival times for the male patients were used to derive the statistical probability model. To measure the goodness of fit tests, the model building criterions: Akaike Information Criteria (AIC), Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC), and Deviance Information Criteria (DIC) were employed. A novel Bayesian method was used to derive the posterior density function for the parameters and the predictive inference for future survival times from the exponentiated Weibull model, assuming that the observed breast cancer survival data follow such type of model. The Markov chain Monte Carlo method was used to determine the inference for the parameters. Results: The summary results of certain demographic and socio-economic variables are reported. It was found that the exponentiated Weibull model fits the male survival data. Statistical inferences of the posterior parameters are presented. Mean predictive survival times, 95% predictive intervals, predictive skewness and kurtosis were obtained. Conclusions: The findings will hopefully be useful in treatment planning, healthcare resource allocation, and may motivate future research on breast cancer related survival issues.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.199-208
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• 2021

Background and Objectives: No known studies have investigated the influence of stimulus polarity on the Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) elicited from level-specific (LS) chirp. This study is important as it provides a better understanding of the stimulus polarity selection for ABR elicited from LS chirp stimulus. We explored the influence of stimulus polarity on the ABR from LS chirp compared to the ABR from click at 80 dBnHL in normal-hearing adults. Subjects and Methods: Nineteen adults with normal hearing participated. The ABRs were acquired using click and LS chirp stimuli using three stimulus polarities (rarefaction, condensation, and alternating) at 80 dBnHL. The ABRs were tested only on the right ear at a stimulus rate of 33.33 Hz. The ABR test was stopped when the recording reached the residual noise level of 0.04 μV. The ABRs amplitudes, absolute latencies, inter-peak latencies (IPLs), and the recorded number of averages were statistically compared among ABRs at different stimulus polarities and stimuli combinations. Results: Rarefaction polarity had the largest ABR amplitudes and SNRs compared with other stimulus polarities in both stimuli. There were marginal differences in the absolute latencies and IPLs among stimulus polarities. No significant difference in the number of averages required to reach the stopping criteria was found. Conclusions: Stimulus polarities have a significant influence on the ABR to LS chirp. Rarefaction polarity is recommended for clinical use because of its larger ABR peak I, III, and V amplitudes than those of the other stimulus polarities.

• Korean Journal of Audiology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.199-208
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• 2021

Background and Objectives: No known studies have investigated the influence of stimulus polarity on the Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) elicited from level-specific (LS) chirp. This study is important as it provides a better understanding of the stimulus polarity selection for ABR elicited from LS chirp stimulus. We explored the influence of stimulus polarity on the ABR from LS chirp compared to the ABR from click at 80 dBnHL in normal-hearing adults. Subjects and Methods: Nineteen adults with normal hearing participated. The ABRs were acquired using click and LS chirp stimuli using three stimulus polarities (rarefaction, condensation, and alternating) at 80 dBnHL. The ABRs were tested only on the right ear at a stimulus rate of 33.33 Hz. The ABR test was stopped when the recording reached the residual noise level of 0.04 μV. The ABRs amplitudes, absolute latencies, inter-peak latencies (IPLs), and the recorded number of averages were statistically compared among ABRs at different stimulus polarities and stimuli combinations. Results: Rarefaction polarity had the largest ABR amplitudes and SNRs compared with other stimulus polarities in both stimuli. There were marginal differences in the absolute latencies and IPLs among stimulus polarities. No significant difference in the number of averages required to reach the stopping criteria was found. Conclusions: Stimulus polarities have a significant influence on the ABR to LS chirp. Rarefaction polarity is recommended for clinical use because of its larger ABR peak I, III, and V amplitudes than those of the other stimulus polarities.