• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.363-370
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• 1992

토양으로부터 PHB 생산능이 우수한 균주 FL-027을 분리하여 분류학적 제 특성을 검토한 결과 Alcaligenes속으로 동정되었다. Alcaligenes sp.의 최적 생육 조건은 과당 8.0$g/\ell$, $(NH_4)_2S0_4$ 3.0$g/\ell$ (즉 C/N molar ratio가 5.04) 및 pH7.0과 $30^{\circ}C$였으며, PHB 축적은 과당 8.0$g/\ell$, (NH4)2SO4 0.25g/l(즉 C/N molar ratio가 60) 및 pH6.5와 30'C에서 가장 양호하였다. $NH_4^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, $SO_4^{2+}$의 결핍이 PHB축적을 촉진하였으나 이들 중 $NH_4^+$가 가장 효과적으로 PHB축적을 유도하였다. 고농도배양을 위해 과당을 간헐적으로 첨가하여 최적농도를 유지하면서 유가배양을 실시한 결과 균체량은 25.1$g/\ell$, PHB 축적량은 10.84$g/\ell$로 건조균체량의 43까지 축적되었다. 분리정제된 PHB를 IR 및 $^1H-NMR$로 분석한결과 3-hydroxybutyric acid의 homopolymer임을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.1-5
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• 1974

이유(離乳)한 40마리의 Albino쥐에게 고단백(高蛋白)과 저단백(低蛋白) 사료(館料)를 간격(間隔)을 달리하여 교대(交代)로 급여(給與)하였을때 성장률(成長率), 사료효율(飼料效率), 단백질(驚白質) 효율(效率), 간장(肝臟)과 내장(內臟)의 무게, 단백질(蛋白質) 소화율(消化率), 질소균형(塞素均衡) 등(等)을 조사(調査)하였는데 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 1일(1日) 간격(間隔)으로 고단백질(高蛋白質)과 저단백질사료(低蛋白質飼料)를 교대(交代)로 급여(給與)한 B구(區)는 중단백질사료(中蛋白質飼料)를 매일(每日) 투여(給與)한 A구(區)와 성장률(成長率), 사료요구율(飼料要求率)에 아무런 효과(差異)가 없었다. 그러나 2일(日) 또는 3일간(日間) 저단백질(低蛋白質) 사료(飼料)를 급여(給與)한 다음 하루동안 고단백질(高蛋白質) 사료(飼料)를 급여(給與)하여도 중단백질(中蛋白質) 사료(飼料)를 매일(每日) 투여(給與)한 구(區)와 동일(同一)한 성장률(成長率)을 가져오지 못하였다. 2. 각구간(各區間) 단백질(蛋白質) 효율(效率)에는 아무런 유의차(有意差)가 없었다. 3. 간중(肝重)은 체중(體重)에 비례(比例)하였으나 장중(腸重) 및 장장(腸長)은 각구(各區)간 차이(差異)가 없었다. 4. 각구간(各區間) 단백질(蛋白質)의 소화율(消化率)에는 유의차(有意差)가 없었으나 요중(尿中) 실소(室素) 배설(排懲)은 B, C, D 구(區)가 모두 A구(區)에 비(比)해 유의적(有意的)으로 컸으며 질소(窒素) 섭취량(攝取量)에 대(對)한 체내(體內) 섭취량(攝取量)도 질소(窒素) 섭취량(攝取量)이 많은 구(區)가 떨어졌다.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제41호
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• pp.7-36
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• 2014

본 연구는 2015년부터 감시 단속적 근로자들에게 최저임금 100%가 적용되면서 아파트 관리비 인상의 부담으로 인해 경비체계를 유인화 시스템에서 무인화 시스템으로 바꾸거나 경비원의 인력을 대폭 감소시키려는 아파트가 증가하고 있다. 이러한 현 상황에서 아파트 경비의 유 무인화에 대한 경제성 비교 연구를 실시하였다. 이를 위해 비용 편익분석을 통해 2014년부터 2018년까지 5년간 아파트 유 무인 경비시스템의 경제성 비교를 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 무인경비 시스템의 비용 편익 비율은 최소값의 경우 1.66%와 최대값의 경우 1.30%의 편익이 발생된 것을 알 수 있다. 또한 유인경비 시스템의 비용 편익 비율은 최소값의 경우 1.42%와 최대값의 경우 1.66%의 편익이 발생한 점을 미루어 볼 때 아파트 경비시스템 체계를 유인시스템에서 무인시스템으로 변경할 경우 경제적으로 큰 효용성을 얻기가 힘들 뿐만 아니라 특히 최대값의 경우 오히려 무인경비 시스템 보다 유인경비 시스템의 경제적 효용성이 큰 것으로 나타났다.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.9.1-9.5
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• 2020

Ulcerative colitis is a form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the colon and rectum. The abnormal lesions in the digestive system caused by ulcerative colitis and intermittent colitis are of major clinical importance. MDM2 is a phospho-protein that functions as a ubiquitin ligase for p53. Recently, a T>G substitution in the promoter of the MDM2 gene (rs309) has been identified. In this case-control study, 174 ulcerative colitis biopsy samples and 82 control samples were collected from colonoscopy centers, hospitals, and clinics in Mazandaran and Gilan Provinces in Iran from October 2014 to May 2015. This MDM2 polymorphism was investigated in DNA samples (extracted from biopsy samples) by amplification-refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction. The mean age of patients with ulcerative colitis was 46.5 years (range, 28 to 69 years) and that of control individuals was 45.3 years (range, 26 to 71 years). Seventy-eight patients (44.82%) were men and 96 (55.18%) were women. The distribution of the TT, TG, and GG genotypes was 17.93%, 27.59%, and 34.48%, respectively, in the ulcerative colitis patients and 31.70%, 24.40%, and 43.90%, respectively, in the control individuals (odds ratio of GG for ulcerative colitis, 7.142; 95% confidence interval, 2.400 to 9.542; p = 0.001). It was found that a single-nucleotide polymorphism at rs309 in the MDM2 gene was associated with ulcerative colitis. A direct relationship was found between age and ulcerative colitis, while no relationship was found with sex. This finding is of note because the occurrence of intestinal inflammation and subsequent ulcers can precede the development of cancer.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제103권2호
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• pp.240-247
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• 2014

본 연구는 황폐계류 복원지의 식생변화에 대한 시계열 분석을 통하여 복원기법 및 효과에 대해 고찰하고자 수행 되었으며, 수질정화습지와 월류보, 수생식물 복원지에서 복원 전, 후 식생변화를 2년간 모니터링 하였다. 복원 1년 후 월류보에서 초본류 증가와 수질정화습지에서 줄풀의 피복도 증가가 조사되었다. 식생 피복률은 복원직후 10~30% 감소되었고, 복원 1년 후 복원 전 수준으로 조사 되었다. 황폐계류 복원지의 식생변화는 복원 후 1년 경과시점부터 서식종수, 귀화률, 피복률이 증가하는 것으로 조사되었다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2004

In this research, a 2-stage intermittently aerated activated sludge system(IA) and intermittently aerated dynamic flow activated sludge system(DF) were investigated for the removal of nutrients in domestic wastewater. Wastewater was characterized by low C/N( organics/nitrogen) ratio. $COD_{cr}$, $BOD_s$, TKN and TP concentrations of domestic wastewater were 235, 47, 32 and 5.4 mg/L, respectively. Three sets of IA and one set of DF were operated. Three of four systems were added with fermented settled sludge taken from primary settling tank as an external electron donor and the other(IA) for control reactor was operated without addition of electron donor. All systems were operated at same sludge retention time of 20 days and hydraulic retention time of 12hrs. The supplemental electron donor was supplied into the anoxic mode. A higher denitrification rate was observed from the reactors with fermented settled sludge as an electron donor for denitrification compared to that of without addition of organic source. The result of this study indicates that the settled primary sludge, if the fermented at the acid stage, was an excellent electron donor for denitrification. 81 % of TN and 80% of TP were removed from the systems with the supplemental organic source added. However, the control reactor without addition of electron donor showed only 39% of TN and 43% of TP.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.94-97
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• 2015

한달간 간헐적인 구토, 식욕부진과 침울을 보인 11살의 중성화하지 않은 수컷 요크셔 테리어견이 내원하였다. 혈액검사상 질소혈증과 빈혈을 나타내었으며, 만성신장질환과 이로 인한 빈혈 상태로 진단이 되었다. 임상 증상 및 질소혈증은 다소 감소하였으나 빈혈은 악화되었기 때문에 수혈을 실시하였다. 수혈 동안 환자의 상태는 양호하였으나, 수혈 후 10 시간째 환자는 급성 호흡곤란 증상을 보였다. 이 환자는 급성 호흡곤란의 임상 증상을 보인점, 수혈의 위험 요인들, 흉부 방사선사진에서 좌우 미만성의 폐포 침윤, 동맥혈 분석에서 200 미만의 $PO_2:FiO_2$ 비율을 바탕으로 수혈과 관련된 급성호흡곤란증후군으로 진단이 되었으며, 이 증상을 보인후 2시간후 폐사하였다.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.43-50
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• 1985

With the improvement of hemodialysis, the course of the disease in patient with endstage renal disease has been clearly improved. Nevertheless, among several shortcomings to our present mode of renal replacement therapy, cardiovascular complications have been the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Several factors such as anemia, arteriovenous shunting of blood, intermittent extracorporeal circulation and hypertension may be contributing. But little is known about the quantitative cardiac hemodynamic characteristics occurred during hemodialysis. The purpose of this study is to observe the sequential hemodynamic changes before, during and after the hemodialysis and to investigate reliable parameters in the detection of ventricular dysfunction. In the present study, equilibrium radionuclide cardiac angiography was performed and left and right ventricular volume indices, ejection phase indices of both ventricular, performance were measured in the 16 stable patients with chronic renal failure treated with maintenance hemodialysis sequentially i.e. before, during (early and late phase) and after the hemodialysis. The results obtained were as follows; 1) The indices of the left ventricular function were not changed during the hemodialysis but increased after the hemodialysis. 2) The indices of the right ventricular function(EF, SVI) were significantly decreased in the early phase (15, 30 minutes after starting extracorporeal circulation) but recovered after the hemodialysis. 3) The ratio of right ventricular to left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly decreased in the early phase and the lung volume indices were significantly increased at the same phase. As a conclusion, hemodialysis improves left ventricular function maybe due to increased contractility, and effects on the right ventricular function maybe due to the increased lung volume in the early phase of hemodialysis.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.476-479
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• 2009

Enucleation of a 9-year-old, spayed female Pekingese's right eye was scheduled because of recurrent eyeball rupture caused by chronic corneal ulcer and descemetocele. Scoliosis of the thoracic vertebra was observed on thoracic radiography. Complete blood count, electrolytes, serum chemistry profiles were within normal ranges except of alkaline phosphatase, which was markedly improved, compared with that of five months ago. Severe respiratory sinus arrhythmia was observed before induction of anesthesia, it disappeared after induction. Retrobulbar block was performed with 0.5% bupivacaine, 2% lidocaine, 0.1% epinephrine combination (4 : 1 : 0.2 ratio of volume) before start of surgery. After retrobulbar block, heart rate decreased from 110 to 76 beats/min and sinus arrhythmia recurred. It was considered as oculocardiac reflex caused by increase of intraorbital pressure from retrobulbar block, atropine (0.025 mg/kg, IV) was administered and intermittent positive pressure ventilation was started. Three minutes after atropine administration, abnormal waveform of the electrocardiograph was appeared, it suspected as ventricular or supraventricular tachycardia, so lidocaine (2 mg/kg, IV) was administered. Then, heart rate was maintained around 130 beats/min, and the surgery was finished without the other problems. Although, retrobulbar block is performed to provide analgesia and to prevent oculocardiac reflex in ophthalmic surgery, occasionally it could induce oculocardiac reflex by infiltrated volume.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.432-439
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• 1982

Congenital posterolateral diaphragmatic hernia [Bochdalek hernia] is the result of a congenital diaphragmatic defect in the posterior costal part of the diaphragm in the region of the tenth and eleventh ribs. There is usually free communication between the thoracic and abdominal cavities. The defect is most commonly found on the left [90%], but may occurs on the right, where the liver often prevents detection. The male to female ratio is 2:1. Owing to the negative intrathoracic pressure, herniation of abdominal contents through the defects occurs, with resultant collapse of the lung. Shifting of mediastinum to the opposite side and compression of the opposite lung occurs. Most often these hernias are manifestated by acute respiratory distress in the newborn. A second, but less well recognized, group of patient with Bochdalek hernia survive beyond the neonatal period, usually present at a later time with "failure of thrive, intermittent vomiting, or progressive respiratory difficulty. " The diagnosis can often be made on clinical ground from the presence of respiratory distress, absence of breath sounds on the chest presence of bowel sounds over the chest . Roentgenogram of the chest confirm the diagnosis. Obstruction and strangulation have been reported but are rare. Treatment consists of early reliable identification of these congenital diaphragmatic hernia with high risk and surgical repairment. and postoperative pharmacological management with extracorporeal membranous oxygenation [=ECMO] support in the period of intensive care. On the surgical approach, for defects on left side, an abdominal incision is preferred, because of the high incidence of malrotation and obstructing duodenal bands. In the neonate, the operative mortality may be appreciable, but, later repair almost always is successful. During the period from 1972 to 1982, 4 cases of congenital Bochdalek hernia were experienced at the Kyung-Hee University Hospital.