• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
• /
• 1999.03b
• /
• pp.112-115
• /
• 1999

The effect of intermediate annealing on the texture evolution in I.f steel was investigated by using X-ray texture measurement. After The sample was cold rolled to 80% reduction intermediate annealing was introduced to preform ${\gamma}$-fiber orientation grains in deformed matrix. The annealing time was varied between 30 and 3600 sec, These samples were cold rolled to 90% reduction and full annealed. By intermediate annealing final full annealed samples had very homogeneous ${\gamma}$-fiber orientation resulting in good deep drawability.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.51-56
• /
• 2020

The objective of this study was to improve properties of plasma sprayed HAp layer to titanium substrate by introducing an intermediate layer with two different methods. Before applying Zn doped HAp coating on titanium substrate, an intermediate layer was introduced by titanium plasma spray or titanium anodization. Heat treatments were conducted for some samples after titanium intermediate layer was formed. Zn doped HAp top layer was applied by plasma spraying. Three-point bending test and pull-off adhesion test were performed to determine the adhesion of Zn doped HAp coatings to substrates. Long-term credibility of Zn doped HAp plasma sprayed coatings on titanium was assessed by electrochemical impedance measurements in Hanks' solution. It was found that both titanium plasma sprayed and titanium anodized intermediate layer had excellent credibility. Strong adhesion to the titanium substrate was confirmed after 12 weeks of immersion for coating samples with titanium plasma sprayed intermediate layer. Samples with titanium anodized intermediate layer showed good bending strength. However, they showed relatively poor resistance against pulling off. The thickness of titanium anodized intermediate layer can be controlled much more precisely than that of plasma sprayed one, which is important for practical application.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.57-61
• /
• 2001

The present study examines the potential involvement of Biomphalaria glabrata, a known molluscan intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni, in the life cycle of Echinostoma cinetorchis, one of the echinostomes that are ubiquitous parasites of vertebrates and are of importance in human and veterinary medicine and wildlife diseases. Echinostomes can be maintained easily and inexpensively in the laboratory and provide good models for biological research ranging from the molecular to the organismal. In the present study, no echinostome cercariae were released from the B. glabrata experimentally infected with E. cinetorchis miracidia, whereas all the Biomphalaria snails infected with E. cinetorchis cercariae were found to be infected with the metacercariae. This is the first report that B. glabrata can experimentally serve as the second intermediate host of E. cinetorchis, and that it might be employed as one of the target molluscs for establishing a biological research model with E. cinetorchis in the laboratory.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.167-190
• /
• 2011

In order to upgrade the seismic resistibility of structures and enhance the functionality of an isolator, a new base isolator called the multiple trench friction pendulum system (MTFPS) is proposed in this study. The proposed MTFPS isolator is composed of a trench concave surface and several intermediate sliding plates in two orthogonal directions. Mathematical formulations have been derived to examine the characteristics of the proposed MTFPS isolator possessing numerous intermediate sliding plates. By means of mathematical formulations which have been validated by experimental results of bidirectional ground shaking, it can be inferred that the natural period and damping effect of the MTFPS isolator with several intermediate sliding plates can be altered continually and controllably during earthquakes. Furthermore, results obtained from the component and shaking table tests demonstrate that the proposed isolator provides good protection to structures for prevention of damage from strong earthquakes.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.18 no.8
• /
• pp.2178-2198
• /
• 2024

Graph-based document models have good capabilities to reveal inter-dependencies among unstructured text data. Natural language processing (NLP) systems that use such models as an intermediate representation have shown good performance. This paper proposes a novel fuzzy graph-based document model and to demonstrate its effectiveness by applying fuzzy logic tools for text summarization. The proposed system accepts a text document as input and identifies some of its sentence level features, namely sentence position, sentence length, numerical data, thematic word, proper noun, title feature, upper case feature, and sentence similarity. The fuzzy membership value of each feature is computed from the sentences. We also propose a novel algorithm to construct the fuzzy graph as an intermediate representation of the input document. The Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation (ROUGE) metric is used to evaluate the model. The evaluation based on different quality metrics was also performed to verify the effectiveness of the model. The ANOVA test confirms the hypothesis that the proposed model improves the summarizer performance by 10% when compared with the state-of-the-art summarizers employing alternate intermediate representations for the input text.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
• /
• 2008.10a
• /
• pp.337-340
• /
• 2008

The cross section shape of intermediate die is one of important parameters to obtain dimensional accuracy of final product in shaped drawing process. Until now it has been designed by the experience or trial and error of the expert. In this study, the cross section shape of intermediate die fur spline shape is determined by the electronic field analysis, shape factor method. The result of the electronic field analysis, shape factor method has been compared with that of the present method. The effects of cross section shape on the dimensional accuracy were investigated by using FE analysis. And then the multi-stage shaped drawing experiments were performed to verify the results of FE analysis. As a result, the cross section shape from the electronic field analysis had the good dimensional accuracy. The electronic field analysis can be used for the method to obtain the cross section shape of intermediate die in shaped drawing process.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
• /
• v.17 no.8
• /
• pp.627-632
• /
• 2008

The cross sectional shape of intermediate die is one of important parameters to improve dimensional accuracy of final product in shaped drawing process. Until now, it has been designed by the experience or trial and error of the expert. In this study, the cross sectional shape of intermediate die for spline shape is determined by the electric fields analysis and scale factor method. The result of the electric fields analysis and scale factor method have been compared with that of the expert method. The effects of cross sectional shape on the dimensional accuracy were investigated by using FE-simulation. And then the multi-stage shaped drawing experiments were performed to verify the results of FE-simulation. As a result, the cross sectional shape from the electric fields analysis and scale factor method had the good dimensional accuracy. These two methods can be used for the method to obtain the cross sectional shape of intermediate die in shaped drawing process.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.333-339
• /
• 2009

The objective of this study is to predict optimal intermediate pressure of a 2-stage compression heat pump system using river water. To determine the maximum performance of the 2-stage compression heat pump system, the experimental evaluations on the 2-stage compression cycle were carried out under various operating conditions. Electronic expansion valves were applied to control intermediate pressure and superheat. Based on the experimental data, an empirical correlation for predicting optimal intermediate pressure which considering cycle operating parameters was developed. The present correlation was verified by comparing the predicted data with the measured data. The predictions showed a good agreement with the measured data within a relative deviation of ${\pm}4%$ at various operating conditions.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.47-51
• /
• 1995

Several intermediate glasses are investigated to bond the alumina and the hydroxyapatite (HAp). The chemical compositions of the intermediate glasses are chosen as $CaO-Al_2O_3$. The mole ratio of CaO/$Al_2O_3$ is changed from 0.5 to 3.0. The lowest melting is observed at $1355^{\circ}C$ in the specimen of CaO/$Al_2O_3$ at the mole ratio of 2. With increasing contents of $Al_2O_3$, the melting temperatures gradually increase and a number of pores are observed. The sectional microstructure shows that the good wetability is observed in higher contents of CaO specimens. This implies that the good wetability is obtained in the mole ratio range of CaO/$Al_2O_3geq2$. The phase transformations are observed after treatment but the major peaks of HAp still exist.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.29 no.5C
• /
• pp.632-641
• /
• 2004

In this paper, a new intermediate view reconstruction method employing a stereo image rectification algorithm by which an uncalibrated input stereo image can be transformed into the calibrated one is suggested and its performance is analyzed. In the proposed method, feature point are extracted from the stereo image pair though detection of the corners and similarities between each pixel of the stereo image. And then, using these detected feature points, the moving vectors between stereo image and the epipolar line is extracted. Finally, the input stereo image is rectified by matching the extracted epipolar line between the stereo image in the horizontal direction and intermediate views are reconstructed by using these rectified stereo images. From some experiments on synthesis of the intermediate views by using three kinds of stereo image; a CCETT's stereo image of 'Man' and two stereo images of 'Face' ＆ 'Car' captured by real camera, it is analyzed that PSNRs of the intermediate views reconstructed from the calibrated image by using the proposed rectification algorithm are improved by 2.5㏈ for 'Man', 4.26㏈ for 'Pace' and 3.85㏈ for 'Car' than !hose of the uncalibrated ones. This good experimental result suggests a possibility of practical application of the unposed stereo image rectification algorithm-based intermediate view reconstruction view to the uncalibrated stereo images.