• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.315-329
• /
• 2016

Fas ligand (FasL) and its receptor Fas have been implicated in granulosa cell apoptosis during follicular atresia. Although interferon-gamma (IFN-${\gamma}$) is believed to be involved in the regulation Fas expression in differentiated granulosa or granulosa-luteal cells, the expression of this cytokine and its role in the regulation of the granulosa cell Fas/FasL system and apoptosis during follicular maturation have not been thoroughly investigated. In the present study, we have examined the presence of IFN-${\gamma}$ in ovarian follicles at different stage of development by immunohistochemistry and related their relative intensities with follicular expression of Fas and FasL, and with differences in granulosa cell sensitivity to Fas activation by exogenous agonistic Anti-Fas monoclonal antibody (Fas mAb). Although IFN-${\gamma}$ immunostaining was detectable in oocyte and granulosa cells in antral follicles, most intense immunoreactivity for the cytokine was observed in these cells of preantral follicles. Intense immunoreactivity for IFN-${\gamma}$ was most evident in granulosa cells of atretic early antral follicles where increased Fas and FasL expression and apoptosis were also observed. Whereas low concentrations of IFN-${\gamma}$ (10-100 U/mL) significantly increased Fas expression in undifferentiated granulosa cells (from preantral or very early antral follicles) in vitro, very higher concentrations (${\geq}1,000U/mL$) were required to up-regulate of Fas in differentiated cells isolated from eCG-primed (antral) follicles. Addition of agonistic Fas mAb to cultures of granulosa cells at the two stages of differentiation and pretreated with IFN-${\gamma}$ (100 U/mL) elicited morphological and biochemical apoptotic features which were more prominent in cells not previously exposed to the gonadotropin in vivo. These findings suggested that IFN-${\gamma}$ is an important physiologic intra-ovarian regulator of follicular atresia and plays a pivotal role in regulation of expression of Fas receptor and subsequent apoptotic response in undifferentiated (or poorly differentiated) granulosa cells at an early (penultimate) stage of follicular development.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제57권1호
• /
• pp.25-31
• /
• 2004

연구배경 : IFN-${\gamma}$는 결핵균에 대한 숙주의 면역학적 방어기전에서 핵심적인 역할을 한다. 그러므로 결핵균 항원들이 IFN-${\gamma}$ 유전자 발현에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것은 결핵균에 대한 숙주의 방어기전을 밝히고 이를 이용한 백신의 개발에 이용될 수 있을 것이다. 방 법 : 결핵성 흉막염 환자의 흉수에서 얻은 림프구 배양액에 결핵균(H37Rv), PPD, Ag85B, man-LAM, ara-LAM을 첨가하여 자극한 후 림프구의 IFN-${\gamma}$ mRNA의 발현 정도를 역전사 중합효소연쇄반응을 이용하여 비교하였다. 결 과 : 1) 결핵균(H37Rv)이 결핵성 흉수 림프구의 IFN-${\gamma}$ mRNA의 발현을 증가시켰다. 2) 결핵균 항원 중 PPD와 Ag85B는 결핵성 흉수 림프구의 IFN-${\gamma}$ mRNA의 발현을 증가시켰지만 man-LAM은 결핵성 흉수 림프구의 IFN-${\gamma}$ mRNA의 발현을 억제시켰다. 3) LAM 중에서 man-LAM은 용량이 증가함에 따라 결핵성 흉수 림프구의 IFN-${\gamma}$ mRNA의 발현의 억제 정도가 증가하였지만 ara-LAM의 경우 이와 같은 현상이 관찰되지 않았다. 결 론 : 결핵성 흉수 림프구의IFN-${\gamma}$ mRNA의 발현은 PPD와 Ag85B의 자극에 의해 항진되지만 man-LAM의 자극에 의해서는 억제되었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제58권4호
• /
• pp.129-135
• /
• 2015

Purpose: This study investigated the long-term clinical outcomes of patients with $p22^{phox}$-deficient chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) on Jeju Island and retrospectively evaluated the effects of interferon-gamma (IFN-${\gamma}$) prophylaxis. Methods: The medical records of 15 patients with CGD were retrospectively reviewed. The efficacy of IFN-${\gamma}$ prophylaxis was evaluated by comparing the frequency of severe infections before and after starting continuous prophylaxis with IFN-${\gamma}$. Results: At the time of the analysis, 14 patients were alive, with a median age of 14.3 years. The diagnosis of CGD was made at a median age of 2.4 years, and the median age at onset of severe infection was 0.3 years. Thirteen of the 15 patients had their first severe infection within the first year of life. The overall incidence of severe infection was 1.36 infections per patient-year; pneumonia, suppurative lymphadenitis, and skin and subcutaneous abscesses were the most common infections. Aspergillus species were the most frequently isolated microorganisms, present in 15.8% of isolates. IFN-${\gamma}$ did not significantly change the rate of severe infection. The survival rate for patients after 2 years of age was 93%; there was a prolonged survival plateau beyond the age of 2. Conclusion: Compared with cases of X-linked CGD reported in other studies, patients with CGD on Jeju Island did not show obviously different clinical manifestations, but they had a significantly higher survival rate. Further studies with a substantially longer period of observation, and with more patients under intensive surveillance are necessary to elucidate the prophylactic efficiency of IFN-${\gamma}$.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.588-595
• /
• 2016

IFN-γ release assays (IGRAs) have been developed as viable alternative diagnostic tools for detecting latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). A customized homogeneous sandwich luminescent oxygen channeling immunoassay (LOCI) was used to quantify IFN-γ levels in IGRAs. Samples were collected from healthy volunteers (n = 40) who were T-Spot-negative and T-Spot-positive patients (n = 32) at rest. Then the amount of IFN-γ in the supernatant of IGRAs was measured by LOCI. The results demonstrated a low background, and high sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and reproducibility, and a short assay time (only 30 min) with LOCI for IFN-γ. The recovery range was 81.63-102.06%, the coefficients of variation were below 5%, and the limit of detection was 19.0 mIU/ml. Excellent agreement between LOCI IFN-γ and the T-SPOT.TB test was obtained (97.2% agreement, κ = 0.94). The LOCI IFN-γ concentrations were significantly higher in T-Spot-positive patients than in the healthy group (p < 0.001). Moreover, as observed for the comparative LOCI IFN-γ assay, IFN-γ concentrations were related to the numbers of T-SPOT.TB spots. We have established an in vitro blood test for LTBI diagnosis, defined as LOCI IFN-γ. A high level of agreement between the LOCI IFN-γ method and T-SPOT.TB assay was observed in clinical studies that showed the LOCI IFN-γ method could determine LTBI. This study shows acceptable performance characteristics of the LOCI IFN-γ assay to diagnose LTBI.

• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.90-97
• /
• 2013

The tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon gamma (IFN-${\gamma}$) release assay (IGRA) have been widely used for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). In order to overcome limitations of current LTBI diagnostic methods, the development of a novel molecular assay which is able to measure the IFN-${\gamma}$ messenger RNA (mRNA) expression level after stimulation with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) specific antigen was recently developed. The ability of a molecular assay to detect MTB infection was similar to commercial IGRA however, the optimal incubation time for stimulating IFN-${\gamma}$ was not yet established. Therefore, in this study the direct comparisons of MTB Ag stimulation times (4 and 24 hrs) were performed for diagnosis of MTB infection. Data showed that the coincident rate between QFT-GIT IFN-${\gamma}$ ELISA and IFN-${\gamma}$ RT-PCR (4 hrs) was 88.35% and that of QFT-GIT and IFN-${\gamma}$ RT-PCR (24 hrs) was 70.85%. Based on a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the 4 hrs-MTB specific Ag stimulation time for IFN-${\gamma}$ RT-PCR had the significant P value, 95% CI value, and AUC (P < 0.0001, 95% CI=0.82 to 1.02, and AUC=0.9214) in comparison with 24 hrs-MTB specific Ag stimulation time (P = 0.009, 95% CI=0.06 to 0.94, and AUC=0.7711). These results show that 4-hr was the most optimal MTB Ag stimulation time for performing IFN-${\gamma}$ RT-PCR. Although semi-quantitative RT-PCR had a few analytical limitations, it might be useful as an alternative molecular diagnostic method for detecting MTB infection.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제27권3호통권90호
• /
• pp.237-241
• /
• 1999

잔나비걸상 Elfvingia applananta 자실체의 수용성성분 EA의 varicella zoster virus(Oka strain; VZV/oka)에 대한 항바이러스효과를 plaque reduction assay에 따라 실험한 결과 EA는 용량의존적으로 plaque 형성을 억제하였으며 $EC_{50}$는 $464.14\;{\mu}g/ml$이었다. EA와 단백질성 항바이러스제인 interferon(IFN) alpha 및 IFN gamma와의 병용시험 결과, 단독처리시와 병용처리시에 m(slope) value가 서로 유사한 값을 보였으므로 이들은 상호 배타적인 약물(mutually exclusive drug)임을 알 수 있었고, IFN alpha와의 병용시 combination index(CI)는 f(a)가 0.50에서 0.90인 유효농도 범위내에서 $0.83{\sim}1.09$의 값을 나타내어 부분적 상승 또는 상가효과를 보였으며, IFN gamma와의 병용시에는 $1.20{\sim}1.24$를 나타내어 길항효과를 보였으므로, IFN alpha와의 병용이 IFN gamma와의 병용보다 더 우수한 병용효과를 나타내었다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.324-328
• /
• 2007

To search for immunoactive natural products exerting anti-inflammatory activity, we have evaluated the effects of the ethanol extracts of Rubus coreanus Miq. (ERC) on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}\;(TNF-{\alpha})$, and $Interferon-{\gamma}\;(IFN-{\gamma})$ production by RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. Our data indicate that this extract is a potent inhibitor of NO production and it also significantly decreased $IFN-{\gamma}\;and\;TNF-{\alpha}$ production. Consistent with these results, the protein level of inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was inhibited by ethanol extracts of ERC in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that ERC may exert anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects possibly by suppressing the inducible NO synthase and COX-2 expressions.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.113-118
• /
• 2002

Falun Gong (FG) is an advanced system of cultivation and practice, which is beneficial for both mind and body. In this study we investigated the effects of FG on the production of cytokines in FG practitioner (FGP). To study whether plasma cytokines levels were affected by FG, their levels were analyzed. The amount of $interferon-{\gamma}$ $(IFN-{\gamma})$, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4 and IL-6 (2.5-fold for $IFN-{\gamma}$, 1.2-fold for IL-2, 2.1-fold for IL-4 and 2.5-fold for IL-6, respectively) were significantly higher in the FGP group than normal group (P<0.05). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from normal healthy control and FGP were cultured for 24 h in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharide. The amount of $IFN-{\gamma}$, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-6 in culture supernatant was quantified. However, there were no significant differences in the level of the same cytokines between the normal and FGP group. These data suggest that FG cultivation may contribute to immune-enhancement in vivo.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.143-152
• /
• 1999

Dansam, the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge, (Labiatae), has a bitter taste and a slightly 'cold' property, and is nontoxic. In the present study, effect of Dansam on nitric oxide (NO) generation from peritoneal macrophags was examined. Dansam had no effect on NO generation by itself, whereas recombinant interferon-${\gamma}\;(rIFN-{\gamma})$ alone had modest activity. When Dansam was used in combination with $rIFN-{\gamma}$, there was a marked cooperative induction of NO generation in a dose-dependent manner, The optimal effect of Dansam on NO generation was shown at 6 hr after treatment with $rIFN-{\gamma}$. Furthermore, the effect of Dansam was mainly dependent on Dansam-induced tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}\;(TNF-{\alpha})$ secretion. These results suggest that Dansam induces NO generation from macrophages by the result of Dansam-induced $TNF-{\alpha}$ secretion.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제45권6호
• /
• pp.1167-1177
• /
• 1998

연구배경 : 결핵은 우리나라에서 아직도 흔하게 발생하는 질환으로 세포면역반응에 의해 육아종이 형성되며, 이 과정에서 대식세포가 분비하는 tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-$\alpha$), Th1 세포가 생성하는 gamma-Interferon (INF-$\gamma$), 내피 세포가 표현하는 intercelluar adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)이 중요한 역할을 할 것이라고 생각되었다. 방 법 : 저자들은 결핵의 경중(輕重)과 이러한 물질들이 관련이 있는가를 알아보기 위하여, 환자의 혈액을 채취하여 TNF-$\alpha$, INF-$\gamma$를 radioimmuno assay(RIA)로, ICAM-1이 혈액으로 유리된 형태인 sICAM-1을 enzyme linked immunosolvent assay(ELISA)로 각각 측정하였다. 또한 화학 요법에 따른 변화를 알기 위해 치료 시작후 6개월 시점에서 다시 추적검사를 실시하였다. 결 과 : TNF-$\alpha$, INF-$\gamma$, sICAM-1은 중등증과 중증의 결핵에서는 의미 있게 증가하였고, 경증에서는 의의가 없었다. 6개월간의 항결핵 치료후, sICAM-1은 임상경과에 동반하여 의미있는 감소를 보였지만. TNF-$\alpha$, INF-$\gamma$에서는 감소는 있었지만 의의는 없었다. 결 론 : 본 실험 결과 결핵의 세포 면역 매개과정에는 TNF-$\alpha$와 INF-$\gamma$가 매우 중요한 역할을 하며, 그 반응 정도가 질병의 병기에 따라 심할수록 많이 증가함을 관찰하였다. ICAM-1은 TNF-$\alpha$와 INF-$\gamma$ 농도와 비례하여 sICAM-1이 증가하였고, 질병의 병기에 따라 농도의 차이가 있을뿐 아니라, 치료경과에 비례하여 농도변화를 보여, 질병의 할동성을 나타내는 것 외에 치료 경과를 나타내는 지시자로서의 가능이 있을 것으로 생각된다.