• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.429-445
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• 2020

This study developed and validated a 'Parent-child Lexical Interaction Scale for Preschoolers (PLIS-P)'. First, we developed the preliminary scale with 7 factors after reviewing previous literature related to vocabulary and literacy instruction for young children and reflected on feedback from child studies experts and mothers with young children. Subsequently, to validate the scale, the online survey was conducted on mothers with 5-to 6-year-old children who live in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Incheon, Gyeongsang, Chungcheong, Jeolla, Gangwon, and Jeju. Responses from 309 mothers were used to conduct exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and correlation analysis. The results were as follows. First, the result of exploratory analysis showed that the model with 7 factors was satisfactory: (1) vocabulary exposure, (2) word elaboration, (3) scaffolding, (4) play activity, (5) conventional instruction, (6) word type awareness instruction, (7) word morphology instruction. Second, confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the good fit of the model. Third, the concurrent validity was confirmed by correlation analysis using EC-HOME. Last, the internal consistency reliability of each factor of PLIS-P was also confirmed. This study developed both a theoretical framework of parent-child lexical interaction and a Parent-child Lexical Interaction Scale for Preschoolers. This scale can be used by parents, practitioners, and researchers to acquire knowledge about interaction related to words between Korean parents and young children.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.32
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• pp.313-336
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• 1997

Nineteen stimulus photograghs varied in hue and color scheme of one clothing style of Korean dress worn by a female were used to investigate the effect of color color scheme and structure on impression formation for Korean dress. Subjects were 77 male and 86 female undergraduate and graduate students. The stimuli c9onsisted of two sets(cool and warm) of four similar color schemes two sets (cool and warm in Chima color) of five contrasting color schemes and one extra stimulus triad 3 hue base. Structures were de-fined by color schemes of Kit.Korum toward the color schemes of Jokori and Chima. Stimu-lus photogragh selected from Korean dress fashion magazines was managed and varied in hues and color schemes to Kit Korum Jokori and Chima according to Korean Standard Color through scanning and Adobe photoshop 3.0 program and then pictured through slide printer(HR-6000). Each subject assessed 19 stimulus color photographs with incorporated 7 point semantic differential response scale. The data were analyzed by frequency mean factor analysis t-test ANOVA and Scheffe test. Results indicate impression ofrmations are af-fected by clothing cues. 1) Four factors emerged to account for dimensional structure of impressions of female features on Korean dress. These four factors were titled as(1) preference.evaluation (2) individuality.attention (3) youth and (4) friendshio. The preference.evaluation factor was the largest including eleven adjectives and accounting for 29.62% of the variances. 2) Almost every clothing cue(color, color scheme, structure) had some effects on im-pressions formed But the color of Chima did not form the effects on impression of prefer-ence.evaluation factor. The effect of related color scheme was the most influential clothing cue on impressions of preference.evalation factor and friendship factor whereas the ef-fect of contrasting color scheme was the most influential clothing cue on impressions of indi-viduality.attention factor and youth factor. The effect of cool color of Chima was the most influential clothing cue on impression of indi-viduality.attention factor whereas the effect of warm color of Chima was the most influen-tial clothing cue on impressions of youth factor and friendship factor. The effect of Jokori/Chima.Kit.Korum structure was the most influential clothing cue on impressions of pref-erence.evaluation factor and youth factor whereas the effect of Kit.Korum/Jokori.Chima structure was the most influential clothing cue on impressions of individuality.attention factor and friendship factor. 3) The interaction effects were appeared among clothing cues. Significant interaction effects between color schemes(similar and contrasting) and colors of Chima(cool and warm were appeared on impressions of prefer-ence.evaluation factor imdividuality.atten-tion factor and friendship factor, Significant interaction effects between color schemes (similar and contrasting) and structures (Jokori.Chima.Kit.Korum; Jokori.Kit.Koru-m/Chima;Jokori/Chima.Kit.Korum;Kit.Korum/Jokori.Chima) were appeared on impressions of preference.evaluation factor youth factor and friendship factor. Signifi-cant interaction effects between colors(cool and warm) and structures were appeared on impressions of individuality.attention factor youth factor and friendship factor. Sighifi-cant interaction effects between colors(cool and warm) and structures were appeared on impressions of individuality.attention factor youth factor and friendship factor. Significant interaction effects among clothing cues(color color schemes and structures) were appeared on all impression factors. The friendship factor was the most friquently affected impression factor by interaction effects among clothing cues. In summary the clothing was used as nonverbal cues in the effect on impression for-mation of female dressed in Korean dress. it concluded that color schemes worked as cen-tral traits and colors of Chima and structures worked as peripheral traits in the formation of impression of the female clothed in Korean dress. hence organizing our impressions with respect to the parts of the Korean dress in re-lation to the whole holistic perceptual pro-cess Gestalt approach was used and supported.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.409-420
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of mother-child interaction and child's social behaviors on child's peer acceptance. Participants were 108 4- to 5-year-old preschoolers(58 boys, 50 girls) and their mothers. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The major findings are summarized as follows: (1) mother-child interaction are generally correlated with child's peer acceptance. And child's prosocial behavior was positively correlated with child's peer acceptance, whereas child's aggressive behavior, asocial behavior and hyperactive-distractible behavior were negatively correlated with child's peer acceptance. (2) The most influential factor on child's peer acceptance was child's experience in session, the next influential factor was child's hyperactive-distractible behavior and the last influential factor was asocial behavior.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.93-110
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of toddler's temperament and toddler-teacher relationship on their peer interaction, focusing on gender differences. A total of 221 toddlers(122 boys and 99 girls) attending 16 child care centers in South Korea participated in this study. Each toddler was observed during a free-play period in the classroom over 4 sessions of 5 minutes, so a total of 20 minutes was measured. Two observers scored recorded observation scenes with two peer interaction criteria, including interaction initiation and interaction participation level. The main results of this study are as follows: First, there was a signigicant gender difference in peer interaction and toddler's temperament and toddler-teacher relationship. Second, the factor of toddler-teacher relationship significantly predicted the boys' peer interaction, while for the girls, the significant predictor was intentional control of temperamental factors. Further, implications for different approaches according to the gender difference of the affecting factor on toddlers' peer interaction have been discussed.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.649-659
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• 2022

The most important factor in pre-school children's psychological perception is ease of learning, and the closest measure is "natural" interaction. This study aims to explore the potential of tangible user interfaces (TUI) for AR collaboration for children's cognitive development. The conceptual model is constructed by analyzing physical interaction, spatial perception and social collaboration on the usability of TUI, to explore the role of TUI in pre-school children's cognition. In the empirical study, children aged 3-6 were taken as research objects. The experimental tool is "Plugo" education application. Parents answered questionnaires after observing their children's use. Research shows that physical interaction are the most critical factor in TUI. TUI is beneficial to the cultivation of spatial ability. The results are as follows: 1. Cronbach's Alpha and KMO were 0.921 and 0.965, which were significant and passed the reliability and validity test. 2. Through confirmatory factor analysis (model fit index, combinatorial validity), we found that physical interaction were closely related to usability. 3. The path analysis of the relationship proves that usability has a significant impact on the cultivation of pre-school children's spatial ability.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.59-69
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• 2001

The paper deals with the interaction between three Griffith cracks propagating under antiplane shear stress at the interface of two dissimilar infinite elastic half-spaces. The Fourier transform technique is used to reduce the elastodynamic problem to the solution of a set of integral equations which has been solved by using the finite Hilbert transform technique and Cooke’s result. The analytical expressions for the stress intensity factors at the crack tips are obtained. Numerical values of the interaction efect have been computed for and results show that interaction effects are either shielding or amplification depending on the location of each crack with respect to other and crack tip spacing. AMS Mathematics Subject Classification : 73M25.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.204-209
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• 2004

Recently, the various performances of vehicle are rapidly improved. Therefore tire noise is recognized as important noise source because vehicle noise is considerably reduced. This study is performed for the control of the cavity resonance noise that is structure-borne noise, due to fluid(air)-structure interaction. For this investigation, FRF analysis has been carried out using FEM and we found an important factor affecting cavity resonance. The effect of this factor is confirmed by objective noise test. We confirmed that the result of FRF analysis and objective noise test is that the structure control of tire sidewall can reduce cavity resonance noise due to fluid-structure interaction

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.13-30
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• 1990

In this paper, response of pile foundations under seismic loading is studied for use in aseismic design of deep foundations. Both the pseudostatic methods such as subgrade reaction theory by Reese, and elastic analysis by Poulos, and the dynamic methods proposed by, respectively, Prakash and Gazetas, are used for this study. The top displacements and maximum bending moments of example piles are obtained by each method mentioned above, and the results by each method are compared among others. The group pile effects are also considered approximately. The calculated results are compared with experimental results obtained by Novak in 1984. The pseudostatic methods, combined with dynamic group interaction factors, and the dynamic method proposed by Gazetas which considers both kinematic interaction and inertial interaction, separately, estimate the top displacements reasonably well : the method by Prakah or the pseudostatic methods combined with static group interaction factors may overestimate the top displacements and bending moments as well. Therefore, it is recommended to the the simple elastic analysis combined with dynamic group interaction factors for aseismic design of pile foundatins and to confirm the results by the Gaz etas' dynamic methods.

• BMB Reports
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.153-158
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• 2004

The acid-labile subunit (ALS) is known to interact with the IGF binding protein (IGFBP) in the presence of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs). Studies, however, indicate that ALS forms a doublet with IGFBP3, independent of IGFs. To characterize the structural domain required for the IGF-free ALS-IGFBP3 interaction, seven recombinant human IGFBP3 mutants were generated: three deletion mutants and four site-specific mutants that had altering N-terminal regions of IGFBP3. ALS and IGFBP3 mRNAs were co-injected into Xenopus oocytes, and their products were cross-linked and immunoprecipitated using antisera against ALS or IGFBP3. Among the deletion mutants, the mutant of D40 (deleted in 11-40th amino acids) exerted no effect in the interaction with ALS, while D60 (${\Delta}11$-60) demonstrated a moderate reduction. D88 (${\Delta}11$-88), however, showed a significant decrease. In the case of site-specific mutants, the mutation that alterated the IGF binding site (codons 56 or 80) exerted a significant reduction in the interaction, whereas codons 72 or 87 showed no significant change in the interaction with ALS. The stability of the ALS-IGFBP3 interaction was analyzed according to a time-dependent mode. Consistent with the binding study, mutants on the IGF binding sites (56 or 80) consistently show a weakness in the ALS-IGFBP3 interaction when compared to the mutants that covered the non-IGF binding sites (72 or 87). This study suggests that the N-terminal of IGFBP3, especially the IGF binding site, plays an important role in interacting with ALS as well as in stabilizing the dual complex, independent of IGFs.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.680-689
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• 2010

The crack-tip stress fields and fracture mechanics assessment parameters for a surface crack, such as the elastic stress intensity factor or the elastic-plastic J-integral, can be affected significantly by the adjacent cracks. Such a crack interaction effect due to multiple cracks can alter the fracture mechanics assessment parameters significantly. There are many factors to be considered, for instance the relative distance between adjacent cracks, the crack shape, and the loading condition, to quantify the crack interaction effect on the fracture mechanics assessment parameters. Thus, the current assessment codes on crack interaction effects (crack combination rules), including ASME Sec. XI, BS7910, British Energy R6 and API 579-1/ASME FFS-1, provide different rules for combining multiple surface cracks into a single surface crack. The present paper investigates crack interaction effects by evaluating the elastic stress intensity factor and the elastic-plastic J-integral of adjacent in-plane surface cracks in a plate through detailed 3-dimensional elastic and elastic-plastic finite element analyses. The effects on the fracture mechanics assessment parameters of the geometric parameters, the relative distance between two cracks, and the crack shape are investigated systematically. As for the loading condition, an axial tension is considered. Based on the finite element results, the acceptability of the crack combination rules provided in the existing guidance was investigated, and the relevant recommendations on a crack interaction for in-plane surface cracks are discussed. The present results can be used to develop more concrete guidance on crack interaction effects for crack shape characterization to evaluate the integrity of defective components.