• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영과학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.237-248
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• 2007

Activating e-commerce, studies about trust of business acquaintance are actively made. This study measured the effect of trust transfer setting up 6 situations according to linking direction, design standard and grasping their trust changes for surveying trust transfer on online. The result is that trust transfer becomes different in accordance with the linking direction of hyperlink. In other words, setting up target site as comparative subject, it is more reliable than single site. Setting up source site as comparative subject, trust changes are slight. This study is composed of 6 good site and 6 poor site. And trust transfer by hyperlink on online is consistent, especially trust transfer is affected by not source site but target site. If target site is poorer than source site, trust transfer originate definitely. So we can draw consistent conclusion that it rate higher than single site. On the other hands, if targer site is better than source site, trust transfer occurs not inter-website. Instead, affected by human mentality, it rates good site higher by conformity reversion.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2019

Background: Pes planus, or flat foot, causes lower limb malalignment and foot pain during walking or exercise. Therefore, a highly reliable evaluation method to accurately diagnose flat feet is necessary. This study investigated the intra-and inter-rater reliability of the navicular drop test in different postures. Design: Cross sectional study. Methods: Forty healthy volunteers performed the navicular drop test in three different combinations of non-weight-bearing and weight-bearing postures (standing/standing, sitting/sitting, and sitting/standing). Two examiners alternately performed the measurements five times in each subject, and in each posture. Significant differences in measurements were obtained among the three postures, with the highest navicular drop being observed in the sitting/standing posture. Results: Inter-rater reliability was high in the sitting/standing and sitting/sitting postures. Intra-rater reliability was high in all three postures. In the sitting/sitting and sitting/standing postures, large navicular drop values and high inter- and intra-rater reliability were observed. Conclusion: Therefore, the sitting/standing and sitting/sitting postures are recommended for use in navicular drop tests to diagnose flat feet.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.722-730
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to test the notion that the inter-individual difference in hypothesis-generating is presumably detected by differentiating subjects' EEG correlation patterns of the prefrontal lobes. To test the notion of the inter-individual difference by EEG analysis, eight healthy undergraduate volunteers' EEG signals on the prefrontal lobes were recorded during hypothesis-generating and resting with eyes-closed condition. Their EEG signals were analyzed by time durations and transformed into correlation patterns. The results showed that subjects' EEG correlation patterns during hypothesis-generating were significantly different among individuals. In addition, the EEG correlation patterns were decreased during hypothesis-generating thinking. Furthermore, subject's EEG correlation showed a fluctuationpattern through-out hypothesis-generating, which is presumably caused by the difference of subjects' thinking activities in hypothesis-generating. This study also suggests a possibility that student's scientific thinking ability and the difficulty of scientific knowledge generating may be measured by the analysis of subject's EEG correlation pattern of the prefrontal lobes.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.62-70
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• 2015

The aims of the current study were to assess reliability of range of motion (ROM) measurement of glenohumeral internal rotation (GIR) with a pressure biofeedback stabilization (PBS) method and to compare the reliability between manual stabilization (MS) and the PBS method. In measurement of pure glenohumeral joint motion, scapular stabilization is necessary. The MS method in GIR ROM measurement was used to restrict scapular motion by pressing the palm of the tester's hand over the subject's clavicle, coracoid process, and humeral head. The PBS method was devised to maintain consistent pressure for scapular stabilization during GIR ROM measurement by using a pressure biofeedback unit. GIR ROM was measured by 2 different stabilization methods in 32 subjects with GIR deficit using a smartphone clinometer application. Repeated measurements were performed in two test sessions by two testers to confirm inter- and intra-rater reliability. After tester A performed measurements in test session 1, tester B's measurements were conducted one hour later on the same day to assess the inter-rater reliability and then tester A performed again measurements in test session 2 for confirming the intra-rater reliability. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) (2,1) was applied to assess the inter-rater reliability and ICC (3,1) was applied to determine the intra-rater reliability of the two methods. In the PBS method, the intra-rater reliability was excellent (ICC=.91) and the inter-rater reliability was good (ICC=.84). The inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of the PBS method was higher than in the MS method. The PBS method could regulate manual scapular stabilization pressure in inter- and intra-rater measuring GIR ROM. Results of the current study recommend that the PBS method can provide reliable measurement data on GIR ROM.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.261-271
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• 2020

Purpose - This study was to establish a unified tourism management class for university students based on Gangwon-do. Community based learning(CBL) was applied to provide a tangible and intangible resource of tourism resources the theoretical approaches and the actual experiences of the community. Design/methodology/approach - In order to design a unified tourism management module, this study applied qualitative research and quantitative research methods to collect information on the direction of the module. the study conducted in-depth interviews and then an online survey. Findings - According to the results of the study, the main parts should include necessity of unification, inter-Korean tourism, inter-Korean cooperation, inter-Korean economy, and international relations. Research implications or Originality - The overall composition of the unification tourism management class should be designed as the unification tourism management theory to acquire the subject knowledge, the field trip to the border area for experiential learning, and the assignment of the field study task to understand the community.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.375-383
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to assess the inter-segmental trunk motion during which multi-segmental movements of the spinal column was designed to interpret the effect of segmentation on the total measured spine motion. Also it analyzed the relative motion at three types of the spine models in drop landing. A secondary goal was to determine the intrinsic algorithmic errors of spine motion and the usefulness of such an approach as a tool to assess spinal motions. College students in the soccer team were selected the ten males with no history of spine symptoms or injuries. Each subject was given a fifteen minute adaptation period of drop landing on the 30cm height box. Inter-segmental spine motion were collected Vicon Motion Capture System (250 Hz) and synchronized with GRF data (1000 Hz). The result shows that Model III has a more increased range of motion (ROM) than Model I and Model II. And the Lagrange energy has significant difference of at E3 and E4 (p<.05). This study can be concluded that there are differences in the three models of algorithm during the phase of load absorption. Especially, Model III shows proper spine motion for the inter-segmental joint motion with the interaction effects using the seven segments. Model III shows more proper observed values about dynamic equilibrium than Model I & Model II. The findings have shown that the dynamic stability strategy of Model III toward multi-directional spinal motion supports for better function of the inter-segmental motor-control than the Model I and Model II.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.74-80
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of distance measurements from the medial border of the scapula to the spinous process of the thoracic vertebrae when obtained using tape and photography measurements. The study included 20 healthy subjects (10 males, 10 females); for a total of 40 scapula measurements. The distance measurements made using tape or photography methods were conducted with the subject in a standing position. Repeated tape and photography measurements were conducted in two sessions on different days by two examiners to assess the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of the two methods. The reliability of scapular distance measured using tape and photography methods was tested using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC(3,1)) and the standard error of measurement (SEM). The inter-rater reliability of the tape measurement method was excellent (ICC=.77) and the intra-rater reliability was fair to good (ICC=.74). The inter-rater and intra-rater reliabilities of the photography measurement method were excellent (ICC=.76 and .76 respectively). Our results suggest that photography measurement is an objective and qualitative measurement tool for scapular distance measurements.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.185-205
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• 2002

In this study, we consider infinite supply of raw materials and backlogged demands as given two boundary conditions. And we need not make any specific assumptions about the inter-arrival of external demand and service time distributions. Under these situations, the ultimate objective of this study is to prove the variability propagation principle in a pull serial line and is to measure it in terms of the first two moments of the inter-departure process subject to number of cards in each cell. Two preparations are required to achieve this objective : The one is to derive a true lower bound of variance of the inter-departure process. The other is to establish a constrained discrete minimax problem for the no backorder (backlogging) probabilities in each cell. We may get some fundamental results necessary to a completion for the proof through the necessary and sufficient conditions for existence of optimal solution of a constrained discrete minimax problem and the implicit function theorem. finally, we propose a numeric model to measure the variability propagation principle. Numeric examples show the validity and applicability of our study.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.161-173
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• 1991

앉은 자세에서 동적 작업을 수행하는 6명의 실험대상자에 작용하는 관절 모멘트에 대해 통계학적인 해석을 수행하였다. 본 연구에서는 곧게 앉은 자세에서 1kg의 물체를 오른손에 들고 가슴 앞쪽에서 어깨 높이로 물체를 왕복으로 움직이는 작업에 대하여 미시간대학 생체역학 실험실에서 얻은 실험자료를 사용하였다. 각 실험대상자에게 동일한 작업을 3 번씩 수행하게 하여 얻은 자료를 기초로 3 차원 생체역학 모델을 사용하여 손목, 팔꿈치, 어깨관절, 세번째 요추관절, 고관절, 무릎 및 발목과 같은 주요 관절에 작용하는 모멘트를 계산하였다. 관절 모멘트의 실험대상자 사이의 차이와 수행 사이의 차이를 고찰하기 위하여 선형상관계수와 이원분산분석을 적용하였다. 세번째 요추관절에서 가장 큰 크기의 모멘트가 작용하였고 가장 큰 변화량을 나타내었으며, 모멘트와 본 연구에서 시도한 모멘트의 차원을 갖는 량 사이에 선형적인 상관관계를 찾을 수 없었으며, 각 관절에 작용하는 모멘트의 최대값과 변화량은 3번의 수행 사이에서 통계학적으로 동일하지만 6 명의 실험대상자 사이에는 통계학적으로 동일하지 않다는 결과를 얻었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.16-28
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to identify the im-. age of nursing, that is, to see how nursing is viewed in newspapers. Articles about nursing from two Korean daily newspapers from Jan. 1, 1987 to Dec.31, 1991 were examined for subject, type, attitude and author-ship. The inter-rater reliability was 0.89(by The Holsti method). The major findings were as follows : 1. The total number of articles were 110. 2. As for the subjests matter, articles related to professional nursing activities appeared most frequently(29.6%) , there about labor issues and activity to promote nurses's job climate 19.4%, and about official activities of nursing 11.2%. 3. Commentary articles appeared most frequently(41.2%) , Other article forms were straight news(27. 1％), contribution(17.6％) and inter-views (10.6%). 4. Feature stories acounted for 62.4% and news articles for 37.6%. Most of the articles were of national interests(96.5%), the rest(3.5%) of news from abroad. 5. Articles favorable toward nursing accounted for 54.1%, neutral 28.2%, negative 17.6%. 6. Many articles were written by the reporters (66.3%).