• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.44 no.9
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• pp.825-832
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• 2016

This paper describes the development of a data bus analyzer for use in avionics systems integration test. The data bus analyzer is equipped with MIL-STD-1553B, CAN and Ethernet interface cards which is incorporated in a majority of the avionics systems to accommodate a variety of interfaces. It has an individual hardware for a capture engine and a analyzing engine in order to perform the collection and the analysis of the bus data at the same time efficiently. It provides a data display function of the grid, 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional form to increase the data analysis efficiency. Verification of the data bus analyzer was carried out module unit testing and inter-module integration testing on the basis of the test procedures. Verification of interlocking requirement and usefulness of developed equipment was confirmed through an integration test result performed on a system integration laboratory of aircraft which is an actual testing environment.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.532-539
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• 2004

Purpose: There has been a renewal of interest in Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), especially correlation in pathogenesis of sepsis by many infectious diseases and in regulation of host inflammatory and immune response. We developed immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) to determine serum human MIF concentration. Materials and Methods: The IRMA system utilizes solid phase bound monoclonal anti-recombinant human MIF (rhMIF) antibody as a capture antibody, biotinylated polyclonal anti-rhMIF antibody as a detector antibody. We applied with rhMIF that concentration of standard solutions increased from 0 ng/ml to 100 ng/ml. We used $^{125}I$-streptavidin (SA) as radiotracer to determination of rhMIF concentration. Streptavidin was labeled with $^{125}I$ by Chloramine-T method and $^{125}I$-SA was purified by ultracentrifugation. $^{125}I$-SA stability was evaluated by ITLC analysis at $4^{\circ}C$ and room temperatures until 60days. To validate IRMA system for MIF, we experimented intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation, recovery test and dilution test. Results: Radiolabeling yield of $^{125}I$-SA was 87% and purified $^{125}I$-SA retained above 99% radiochemical purity. $^{125}I$-SA showed above 93% stability in $4^{\circ}C$ until 60days that it is good for immunoradiometric assay as radiotracer. Plotted standard dose response curve showed that increased concentration of rhMIF linearly correlated (R2=0.99) with bound radioactivity of $^{125}I$-SA. The highest intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were 5.5% and 7.6%, respectively. The average of recovery of MIF in samples was 102%. In dilution test, linear response curves were obtained (R2=0.97). Conclusion: Radioimmunoassay using $^{125}I$-SA as radiotracer thought to be useful for the determination of serum MIF concentration, and further, its data will be used to evaluate the correlation between clinical significance and serum MIF concentration in patients with various inflammatory diseases.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2015

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the factors related to dental caries and periodontal disease in Korean adults. Methods: The subjects were 5,149 adults over 19 years old who participated in the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2012. Data were analyzed by chi-square test and logistic regression analysis using SPSS 18.0 statistical package program. The questionnaire consisted of 17 questions of independent variables and 2 kinds of dependent variables including dental caries and periodontal diseases by direct interview. The independent variables included 5 questions of general characteristics, 3 questions of health behavior, 5 questions of oral health behavior, and 4 questions of chronic diseases diagnosed by the doctors. Results: The prevalence rate of dental caries was higher in those who did not regularly work out and did not receive regular checkups including dental floss and dental brush use. The prevalence rate of periodontal diseases was higher in male adults, smokers, and those who were obese and had diabetes mellitus, poor oral health care habit without using dental floss and inter-dental brush. Conclusions: In order to prevent the dental caries in the adults, it is very important to do regular exercise and regular dental checkup. The best ways of dental caries prevention include tooth brushing after meal with use of dental floss and inter-dental brush. This study suggests that dental health promotion can be enhanced by smoking cessation, ideal body weight maintenance, timely tooth brushing after meal, and use of dental floss and inter-dental brush.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.226-229
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• 2011

This study was conducted to develop a proficiency test (PT) specimen for the enumeration of Escherichia coli, a sanitary indicative bacterium, in molluscan bivalve shellfish. The common mussel Mytilus edulis was chosen as a matrix for the PT specimen. Mussels were artificially bioaccumulated for approximately 3 h with E. coli culture. After determining the homogeneity of samples, samples were distributed to 17 participants involved in the proficiency testing program. The enumeration of E. coli was performed by the most probable number method of the American Public Health Association. Statistical evaluations of the results obtained from inter- and intra-laboratory variation indicated no significant differences in the accuracy of these techniques between participants, indicating z-scores of ${\leq}{\pm}2$ and suggesting that preparation of the PT specimen for enumerating E coli in shellfish was successful.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.46-54
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• 2012

Ely's test is commonly used to assess rectus femoris muscle flexibility. however, a reliability limit of this test was demonstrated by a previous study. In this study, we present an alternative method using an application for a digital horizontal level in a smartphone (DHLS) to complement the reliability limit of Ely's test. The aim of this study was to examine the reliability of Ely's test using DHLS on the pelvis, compared to using visual observation (VO) of pelvic and hip motions. Nineteen patients with lumbar extension-rotation syndrome were recruited for this study. An examiner examined the rectus femoris flexibility (both pass/fail and goniometer scoring) through Ely's test using both DHLS and VO. A retest session was completed two hours later for within-day reliability and seven days later for between-day intra-rater test-retest reliability. Results showed higher Kappa values for pass/fail scoring and higher intraclass correlation coefficient values for goniometer scoring in Ely's test using DHLS, compared to using VO. Measurement error and Bland and Altman plots further demonstrated the degree of intra-rater variance during Ely's test using DHLS in a clinical setting, compared to using VO. These results demonstrated that Ely's test using DHLS showed acceptable reliability compared to using VO. Ely's test using DHLS could be widely used for measuring the rectus femoris muscle flexibility in patients with lumbar extension-rotation syndrome, although the inter-rater reliability needs to be established first.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.307-316
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• 2019

Dam deformation should be strictly controlled for the construction of 300 m-high rockfill dams, so the rockfill materials need to have low porosity. A method of using composite grout is proposed to reduce the porosity of rockfill materials for the construction of high rockfill dams. The composite grout is a mixture of fly ash, cement and sand with the properties of easy flow and post-hardening. During the process of rolling compaction, the grout admixture sprinkled on the rockfill surface will gradually infiltrate into the inter-granular voids of rockfill by the exciting force of vibratory roller to reduce the porosity of rockfill. A visible flowing test was firstly designed to explore the flow characteristics of composite grout in porous media. Then, the compressibility, shear strength, permeability and suffusion susceptibility properties of composite grout-modified rockfill are studied by a series of laboratory tests. Experimental results show that the flow characteristics of composite grout are closely related to the fly ash content, the water-to-binder ratio, the maximum sand size and the content of composite grout. The filling of composite grout can effectively reduce the porosity of rockfill materials, as well as increase the compression modulus of rockfill materials, especially for loose and gap-graded rockfill materials. Composite grout-modified rockfill tends to have greater shear strength, larger suffusion erosion resistance, and smaller permeability coefficient. The composite grout mainly plays the roles of filling, lubrication and cementation in rockfill materials.

• Ocean Science Journal
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2008

Laboratory bioassays were conducted to test the acute toxicity effects of sudden exposure to sodium cyanide (NaCN) on the endogenous rhythm of the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in the black rockfish Sebastes schlegeli. The OCR of the black rockfish(n = 14, total length = $20.4{\pm}1.16\;cm$, wet weight = $158{\pm}25\;g$) was measured with an automatic intermittent-flow-respirometer. OCR decreased significantly when experimental fish were exposed to NaCN. When exposed to 10 ppb NaCN, fish were able to recover their OCR rhythmic activities. When fish were exposed to 20 ppb, however, the metabolic activity rhythms were not recovered. These results suggest that exposure to NaCN concentrations over 20 ppb cause severe physiological damage to the endogenous rhythms of black rockfish.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.551-557
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• 2015

Background: Differentiating morphologic features based on hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining is the most common method to classify pathological subtypes of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its accuracy and inter-observer reproducibility in pathological diagnosis of poorly differentiated NSCLC remained to be improved. Materials and Methods: We attempted to explore the role of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining in diagnosing pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma (SQCC) with poorly differentiated features by HE staining or with elevated serum adenocarcinoma-specific tumor markers (AD-TMs). We also compared the difference of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation rate between patients with confirmed SQCC and those with revised pathological subtype. Logistic regression analyses were used to test the association between different factors and diagnostic accuracy. Results: A total of 132 patients who met the eligible criteria and had adequate specimens for IHC confirmation were included. Pathological revised cases in poor differentiated subgroup, biopsy samples and high-level AD-TMs cases were more than those with high/moderate differentiation, surgical specimens and normal-level AD-TMs. Moreover, biopsy sample was a significant factor decreasing diagnostic accuracy of pathological subtype (OR, 4.037; 95% CI 1.446-11.267, p=0.008). Additionally, EGFR mutation rate was higher in patients with pathological diagnostic changes than those with confirmed SQCC (16.7% vs 4.4%, p=0.157). Conclusions: Diagnosis based on HE staining only might cause pathological misinterpretation in NSCLC patients with poor differentiation or high-level AD-TMs, especially those with biopsy samples. HE staining and IHC should be combined as pathological diagnostic standard. The occurrence of EGFR mutations in pulmonary SQCC might be overestimated.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.140-146
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• 2014

This study investigated the engineering characteristics of non-sintering binder-stabilized mixtures consisting of different ratios of a hardening agent(3%, 6%, 9%, 12%) for recycling industrial by-products through several series of laboratory tests. The hardening agents consisted of two kinds of non-sintering binders(NSB-1, NSB-2), which were developed by using inter-chemical reactions among blast furnace slag, phospho-gypsum, and an alkali activator. In addition, ordinary Portland cement(OPC) was used to compare the engineering characteristics of the stabilized mixture. An unconfined compressive test showed that the unconfined compressive strength increased with the curing time and mixing ratio. Experimental test results indicated that the 7-day strength of the NSB-1 mixture was similar to that of the OPC mixture. However, its 28-day strength was higher than that of the OPC mixture. The secant module of elasticity showed a range of $E_{50}=(42-109)q_u$ regardless of the agents. Based on the results of triaxial tests, the cohesion and friction angle increased with the mixing ratio.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.226-233
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• 2013

Although the dissolution test can serve as an effective tool for quality control and predictor of in vivo performance, there are a number of drugs with no established dissolution specification in Korean Pharmaceutical Codex (KPC). So, with each reference and test drugs, the dissolution test method and an analytical procedure by HPLC were developed and validated to establish dissolution specification for acebrophylline capsules and bromhexine hydrochloride tablets. The dissolution condition was determined based on the "Guidelines on Specifications of Dissolution tests for Oral dosage forms" of Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS). The analytical method of HPLC was validated in specificity, linearity, precision and accuracy. Final dissolution test was performed with commercially available samples of 3 lots to establish specification. In addition, no difference was observed by the inter-laboratory evaluation. Dissolution specifications and conditions will be used for revising the monograph of acebrophylline capsules and bromhexine hydrochloride tablets in next supplement of KPC.