• 생명과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.490-495
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• 2004

인산가용화능이 우수한 균주인 Burkholderia sp. DA23과 Klebsiella sp. DA7l-1 두 균주를 사용하여 농도별 아미노산 첨가에 따른 성장 양상과 유리인산 방출량을 조사한 결과, 두 균주의 생육과 인산가용화에 있어 아미노산이 도움이 되는 것으로 나타났다. DA23과 DA7l-1 모두 0.05%와 0.1%의 아미노산을 SM배지에 첨가하여 성장 양상을 확인한 결과 아미노산을 첨가한 배지의 균주가 아미노산을 처리하지 않은 배지의 균주에 비해 높은 세포 밀도 성장을 보여주었다. 인산가용화 균주의 아미노산 첨가의 경우 무처리보다 높은 pH 저하를 보였으며, 또한 아미노산 첨가가 아미노산 무처리구에 비해 2배이상 높은 인산가용화 효과를 보였다. DA7l-1의 아미노산 첨가의 경우는 DA23의 아미노산 첨가보다 아미노산 첨가에 의한 인산가용화 효과가 더 있는 것으로 나타났다. hydroxyapatite와 tri-calcium phosphate 의 인산염 차이에 따른 아미노산 처리 효과는 없었으며, 0.05%의 미량의 농도에서도 인산가용화로의 세포밀도 성장 및 가용화능에 효과를 나타내었다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.90-100
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• 1985

The present study was designed to investigate cellular regulation of phosphate metabolism between catabolically repressed and derepressed states in yeast (Saccharomyces uvarum). The activities of various phospatases and the contents of phosphate compounds were detected according to the culture phase and various phosphate concentrations. As the results, Saccharomyces uvarum derepressed many phosphate metabolizing enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and ATPase more than ten fold simultaneously during catabolic repression (phospgate and sugar starvation). At the same state, the amounts of orthophosphate, nucleotidic labile phosphate and acid soluble polypgosphate were increased, compared to basal levels of normally cultivated cells. $Mg^{++}-stimulated$ type among all phospatases was appeared to have most of the enzyme activity. It could be postulated that $K^+ -stimulated$ alkaline phosphatase was directly or indirectly correlated with the synthesis of acid insoluble polyphosphate $Mg^{++}-stimulated$ phosphatase with the degradation of polyphosphates. In case of cultivation in the medium supplemented with sugar and phosphate (catabolic derepression), phospgatase activities except for alkaline phosphatase were decreased rapidly through the progressive batch culture, After 12 hrs culture, at early exponential phase, the cellular accumulation of acid insoluble polyphosphate increased about 5 fold, compared to those of the starved cells. Under catabolic repression, it could be postulated that intracellular phosphate metabolism was regulated by derepressions of phosphatases. The function of polyphosphate system was shown to compensate the ATP/ADP system as phosphate donor and energy source especially during catabolic repression.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.329-333
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• 1997

PDA-calcium phosphate 평판배지를 이용하여 경남북 일대의 토양으로부터 인산가용화능이 우수한 1,000여종의 세균과 200여종의 사상균을 분리하였다. 이중에서 인산가용화능이 가장 우수한 사상균 GL-101 균주를 선발하여 MEA와 PDA 배지에서 배양하면서 분생자병과 분생자의 형태적 특성을 조사한 결과 플라스크형의 phialide, 분생자병의 branching type이 simple type이며, conidial head가 columnar shape 등의 특징을 갖는 Penicillium sp. GL-101로 동정되었다. 이 균주의 인광석 분해능이 최대가 되는 최적 배양온도와 초발 pH는 각각 $25^{\circ}C$와 pH 7.5이었다. 이와같은 배양조건에서 tricalcium-phosphate, aluminium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, 인광석 등의 난용성 인산염에 대한 이 균주의 인산가용화능을 살펴보면 배양 8일째에 최대값을 보였으며, tricalcium-phosphate에 대해서는 1,152 ppm, 인광석에 대해서는 565 ppm, aluminium phosphate에 대해서는 292 ppm, hydroxyapatite에 대해서는 217 ppm의 유리인산을 생성하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.676-682
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• 2006

친환경형 미생물제제의 난용성 인산염 가용화능의 향상을 위하여 Staphylococcus sp. LJ2로부터 분리된 ldh gene을 Klebsiella sp. DA71-1에 도입하였고, 이를 DA71-1/pLYJ라고 명명하였다. 배지에 glucose를 3% 첨가했을 때 다른 탄소원을 첨가했을 때보다 DA71-1/pLYJ 균주의 난용성 인산염 가용화능이 월등히 우수하였다. 각기 다른 난용성 인산염 tri-calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, 그리고 aluminium phosphate에 대하여 그 가용화능이 DA71-1 균주보다 적게는 1.2배, 많게는 2.3배 이상 향상된 결과를 보였다. 그리고 DA71-1/pLYJ 균주는 DA71-1 균주에 비해 배양 온도에 비교적 관계없이 높은 인산가용화능을 나타낸 것이 특징적이었고, 배양초기 pH가 5.0일 때 그 능력이 가장 뛰어났다. 이러한 모든 결과들을 종합해볼 때 DA71-1/pLYJ 균주는 여러면에서 DA71-1 균주보다 난용성 인산염 가용화능이 월등히 뛰어나며 따라서 효율적이고 친환경적인 미생물제제의 개발에 큰 역할을 할 수 있는 발판을 마련했다 할 수 있다.

• Journal of Life Science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.64-65
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• 2000

Insoluble phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are routinely screened by a plate assay method using Pikovskaya agar and a modified Pikovskaya medium. A modified Pikovskaya medium to improve the clarity of the yellow-colored halo has not necessarity improved the plate assay. Colonies of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria tested could be redily selected after 48 h of incubation by green-colored colony formation on plate in which bromcresol green(BCG) was included. Among them, two bacterial strains did not produce distinct yellow halos after 48 h of incubation. We suggest that the green colony formation on plate medium containing BCG is advantageous ofr rapid isolating phosphate-solubilizing bacteria directly from soil.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 1968

Chlorella ellipsoidea were grown in a Mg-free medium. Aliquots of the algal cell were taken out at the beginning and predetermined time intervals during the culture and were analyzed the contents of phosphate in various fractions of the cell constituents. The results obtained were compared with those of the control. When Chlorella cells were grown in a Mg-free medium, the contents of phosphate in the DNA protein, RNA-olyphosphate complex, nucleotidic-lbileP, and PCA-soluble, fractions decreased compared with those of the control, while the content of acid insoluble polyphosphate increased significantly. On the otherhand, RNA-P and lipid-P showed the tendency of decrease at the early stage of the culture, but they were increased more than those in the control as culture proceeds. It is showed that phosphate turnover from acid-insoluble polyphosphate into DNA, protein, and RNA-polyphosphate complex was inhibited by magnesium-deficiency of the cells.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제9권1_2호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1966

Using the Chlorella cells which had been uniformly labeled with $^{32}P$, the distribution of phosphorus in various fractions of cell material was investigated. Uniformly $^{32}P$-labeled Chlorella cells were further grown in a P-free medium, and some protions of the cells were taken out at intervals during the culture, and subjected to analyze the contents of $^{32}P$ in various fractins of the cell constituents. 2. Analysis of the $^{32}P$-labeled Chlorella cells showed that the highest in P-content was the fraction of RNA followed by those of lipid, RNA-polyphosphate complex, acid-insoluble polyphosphate, acid-soluble polyphosphate, DNA and protein. 3. During the culture of $^{32}P$-labeled Chlorella cells in a P-free medium, amounts of phosphate in DNA, protein and lipid fractions increased, while the P-contents in the fraction of RNA-polyphosphate complex decreased as well as those of acid-insoluble polyphosphate and acid-soluble polyphosphate fractions. 4. It was inferred that phosphorus used in the syntheses of DNA and protein was taken from polyphosphates of the cells, and RNA-polyphosphate complex would play an important role as a phosphate pool.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.251-256
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• 2001

난용성 인산염을 가용화 시킬 수 있는 경제적이고 효율적인 생물비료를 개발하기 위하여 난용성 인산염 가용화능이 우수한 미생물을 염류 집적 및 인산과다처리 재배지로부터 분리하였다. 이 분리균주의 생리 생화학적인 특성을 조사한 결과 Aeromonas hydrophila DA57로 동정되었다. Aeromonas hydrophila DA57은 hydroxyapatite, tri-calcium phosphate 와 같은 난용성 인산염을 모두 가용화한다. 난용성 인산염의 분해능이 최대가 되는 배양 온도와 배양초기 pH는 각각 $30^{\circ}C$와 5.0이었으며, 탄소원으로 glucose를 3% 첨가시 가용화능이 높았다. 배양 pH가 감소함에 따라 가용화된 유리인산의 함량이 증가하였고 gluconic acid의 생성이 확인되었다. 따라서 난용성 인산염의 분해가 우수한 새로운 Aeromonas hydrophila DA57를 분리하였고, 이는 하나의 생물비료원으로 활용이 가능하리라고 사료된다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.428-434
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• 2012

A fungal strain, capable of solubilizing insoluble phosphate under diverse temperature, pH and salt conditions was isolated from Waste Mushroom bed of Agaricus bisporus in South Korea. Based on 18S rRNA analysis, the strain was identified as Aspergillus awamori bxq33110. The strain showed maximum phosphate solubilization in AYG medium (525 ${\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$) followed by NBRIP medium (515 ${\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$). The strain solubilized $Ca_3(PO_4)_2$ to a greater extent and rock phosphate and $FePO_4$ to a certain extent. However $AlPO_4$ solubilizing ability of the strain was found to be very low. Glucose at the rate of 2% ($561{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$) was found be the best carbon source for Aspergillus awamori bxq33110 to solubilize maximum amount of phosphate. However, no significant difference ($P{\leq}0.05$) in phosphorus solubilization was found between 1% and 2% glucose concentrations. $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ was the best nitrogen source for Aspergillus awamori bxq33110 followed by $NH_4Cl$ and $NH_4NO_3$. At pH 7, temperature $30^{\circ}C$ and 5% salt concentration (674 ${\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$) were found to be the optimal conditions for insoluble phosphate solubilization. However, strain Aspergillus awamori bxq33110 was shown to have the ability to solublize phosphate under different stress conditions at $30-40^{\circ}C$ temperature, pH 7-10 and 0-10% salt concentrations indicating it's potential to be used as bio-inoculants in different environmental conditions.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.1033-1037
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• 2008

The effects of inorganic salts, inoculum concentration, aeration rate and shaking speed on insoluble phosphate solubilization by Pseudomonas fluorescens RAF15 were investigated. Soluble phosphate production was dependent on the presence of $MgCl_2{\cdot}6H_2O$ and $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ in the medium. Supplementation of medium with 0.01% $CaCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O$ and 0.01% NaCl slightly increased soluble phosphate production. The optimal medium compositions for the solubilization of insoluble phosphate by P. fluorescens RAF15 were 1.5% glucose, 0.005% urea, 0.3% $MgCl_2{\cdot}6H_2O$, 0.01% $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$, 0.01% $CaCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O$ and 0.01% NaCl, respectively. Optimal inoculum concentration was 2.0%(v/v). Maximum soluble phosphate production was obtained with 20-50 ml/250-ml flask and 200 rpm of shaking speed, respectively. The addition of EDTA decreased cell growth and soluble phosphate production.