• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.28-32
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• 2009

We describe here the cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding the glutathione S-transferase (GST) from the bumblebee Bombus ignitus. The Delta-class B. ignitus GST (BiGSTD) gene spans 1668 bp and consists of four introns and five exons that encode 216 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular weight of approximately 24561 Da and a pI of 8.03. The N-terminal domain of BiGSTD has a conserved Ser residue, as well as conserved Lys, Pro, Glu, Ser and Tyr residues that are involved in the GSH-binding site of GST. The BiGSTD showed 60% protein sequence identity to the Bombyx mori GSTT1, 58% to Musca domestica GST, 57% to Drosophila melanogaster GST, and 55% to Anopheles gambiae GST1. BiGSTD was close to the insect-specific Delta class of GSTs in a phylogenetic tree. Northern blot analysis showed that BiGSTD is highly expressed in the fat body and midgut, and less so in the muscles of B. ignitus worker bees.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.483-489
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• 2002

S. cerevisiae에서 glucoamylase 유전자의 promoter와 signal sequence 그리고 MF$\alpha$1의 prosequence를 이용하여 합성 곤충 defensin를 발현하고 항균활성을 보유한 형태로 분비하는데 성공하였다. Defensin의 여러 생화학적인 특성을 조사한 결과 열 안정성이 높아 10$0^{\circ}C$에서 30분간 가열하여도 항균활성을 온전히 유지하였으며 조사한 pH 영역, 2.0-12.0에서 항균활성의 변화가 없었다. 또한 여러 단백질 분해효소를 처리하면 항균활성이 완전히 사라졌으나 전분질 분해효소, 섬유소분해효소 및 지질분해효소의 처리는 항균 활성에 전혀 영향이 없었다. 황산암모늄침전, SP-Sepharose column cormatography, RP-HPLC 등의 조작을 통해 defensin을 순수한 형태로 정제하였으며 Tricine-SDS-PAGE를 통해 분자량이 약 4.0 kDa임을 확인하였고 정제한 defensin은 항균활성을 보유하였다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.205-209
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• 2008

Impact of food plant on reproductive and commercial parameters in Antheraea mylitta, a polyphagous insect of economic importance was studied upon feeding the insect larvae on the same host plants for six continuous generations. A. mylitta larvae were fed upon Terminalia tomentosa, Terminalia arjuna and Zizyphus jujuba and restricted them to the same host plant for six generations to document the quantitative improvement in reproductive and commercial parameters. The parameters showed significant improvement in all the host plants studied over their respective controls. Fecundity among the reproductive parameters was highly improved than others (85.9% in T. tomentosa; 58% in T. arjuna and 49.7% in Z. jujuba). Likewise in commercial parameters, the shell weight in male showed the highest improvement (by 52.9%, 45.8% and 42.1% in T. tomentosa; T. arjuna and Z. jujuba respectively). On the other hand, the shell ratio percentage in female recorded the lowest improvement. The values for all characters were recorded a decline in T. arjuna and Z. jujuba fed ones over T. tomentosa, except that of shell ratio percentage in female has registered an increase in Z jujuba fed. The study thus revealed the comparative superiority of T. tomentosa over T. arjuna and Z. jujuba.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.105-110
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• 1998

The baculovirus egt gene encodes an ecdysteroid UDP-glucosyltransferase(EGT) which catalyzes the transfer of glucose from UDP-glucose to the insect moltion hormone ecdysteroid resulting in a functionally inactive ecdysteroid. In baculovirus-infected insect larvae, EGT has been shown block molting and pupation. In this study, we compared the development of 4th and 5th instar silkworm, Bombyx mori, larvae injected with either wild-type bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) or a mutant BmNPV(BmEGTZ) in which the egt gene was disrupted by the insertion of a lacZ gene cassette. Larvae injected with BmEGTZ died roughly 12 h more rapidly compared to indentical larvae infected with BmNPV. In addition, BmEGTZ- infected larvae prematurely stopped feeding and gain less weight compared to BmNPV-infected larvae. In order to investigate why BmEGTZ-infected larvae died more rapidly than BmNPV-infected larvae, the array of hemolymph proteins in BmEGTZ-or BmNPV-infected larvae were analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The hemolymph of BmEGTZ-infected larvae showed virus-specific proteins, including polyhedrin, about 12 h earlier than the hemolymph of BmNPV-infected larvae

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.475-480
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• 2021

국내에서 2016년 흰점박이꽃무지 등 일부 곤충이 식품원료로 등록되면서 곤충사육 농가가 폭발적으로 증가하고 있다. 하지만 곤충사육 농가가 보유하고 있는 사육기술, 병해충 관리기술이 농가별로 차이가 있고, 대량으로 곤충을 사육하면서 높은 사육밀도, 병충해 감염 등으로 인해 곤충이 대량 폐사하게 됨으로써 곤충사육 농가에 심각한 경제적 손실을 입고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 다양한 영양성분을 함유할 뿐만 아니라 항균, 항염증 등의 효과를 가진 새싹보리를 흰점박이꽃무지 유충의 주 먹이원인 발효톱밥에 첨가하여 주 먹이원 첨가제로써 적용 가능성 및 곤충병원성 세균에 대한 항균 효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 흰점박이꽃무지 유충의 주 먹이원에 5%와 10% 새싹보리를 첨가했을 때 유충의 증체율이 19.2%와 23.1%로 높았고, 사육 기간이 대조군 대비 단축된 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 새싹보리는 곤충병원성 세균 Serratia marcescens의 성장을 저해하고, 세균에 감염된 흰점박이꽃무지 유충의 생존율과 증체율이 건강한 유충의 수준으로 회복되는 경향을 보였다. 뿐만 아니라 새싹보리를 첨가한 먹이원으로 사육한 유충의 영양성분 분석 결과, 조단백질, 조지방, 구리, 아연, 칼륨 등 미네랄 및 아미노산 함량이 대조군보다 높게 나타났다. 결론적으로 흰점박이꽃무지 유충의 주 먹이원에 새싹보리를 첨가한다면 단기간에 대량생산이 가능하고, 곤충병원성 세균 감염에 의한 폐사를 효율적으로 예방할 수 있어 안정적인 곤충 생산이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.369-377
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• 1998

Rotavirus is a major cause of severe gastroenteritis in young children and animals throughout the world. The VP7 of rotavirus is thought to induce the synthesis of neutralizing antibodies and to be responsible for determining viral serotypes. The cDNA coding for the VP7 capsid protein of human rotavirus, obtained from Korean patients (HRV-Y14), was cloned and its nucleotide sequence was determined. Comparative analysis of the nucleotide sequences between VP7 of Y14 and that of other foreign isolates showed $92.7~95.2\%$ homology to G1 serotypes (RV-4, KU, K8, WA), $74.2\%$ homolgy to G2 serotype HU-5, $76.4\%$ homology to G3 serotype SA-11, and $77.6\%$ homology to G4 serotype A01321. These data suggest that HRV-Y14 can be classified as a G1 serotype. cDNA coding for VP7 of HRV-YI4 was subcloned into the baculovirus vector and the VP7 glycoprotein was expressed in insect cells. The expressed proteins in Sf9 cell extract and tissue culture fluid were separated on SDS-PAGE, and Western blot analysis with monoclonal antibody raised against the synthetic peptide containing 21 amino acids within the VP7 conserved region was performed. The molecular weight of recombinant VP7 was estimated to be 36 kDa which is about the same size as the native VP7. Addition of tunicamycin in the culture media caused a reduction of the molecular weight of the recombinant VP7 indicating that the expressed protein was glycosylated.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.190-194
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• 1985

벼검은줄오갈병 매개충인 애멸구의 기주식물 선호성은 실내유균접종과 포장상태에서 공히 옥수수가 벼보다 낮으나 발병율은 아주 높았다. 바이러스가 매개충의 생태에 미치는 영향은 보독충이 무독충보다 성충의 생존일수, 부화약충수 및 성충율에서 심한 장애를 나타냈다. 벼에서는 감염초기부터 후기까지 건물중이 이병주가 건전주보다 낮았다. 그러나 옥수수에서는 감염초기에 이병주가 건전주보다 건물중이 높았다. 한천내확산법 및 미량심강법에 의한 감염바이러스의 정량결과, 항혈청과의 반응정도는 옥수수잎, 벼줄기, 벼잎, 옥수수줄기에서 부분순화한 항원바이러스의 순으로 나타났다. 이병기주식물의 phloem gall 형성에서 저온처리의 효과가 인정되었다.

• Entomological Research
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.490-498
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• 2018

Ruspolia differens (Serville) (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) is a highly valued edible grasshopper species in Africa. However, the effects of plant diets on lipid content and fatty acid composition of R. differens are not well understood. We tested the effects of four diets on the total lipid content and fatty acid composition of R. differens. Sixth instar nymphs of R. differens were reared on one, and mixtures of two, three, and six natural plant inflorescences. Individuals collected from the field constituted a control treatment. We extracted lipids and analyzed the fatty acid methyl esters using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. We analyzed if the total lipid content, body weight, and fatty acid composition differed among diets and between the sexes using two-way ANOVAs and a PERMANOVA model, respectively. The total lipid content and weight of R. differens did not differ among the diets. The nine common fatty acids were palmitic (mean across treatments, 26%), oleic (22%), palmitoleic (18%), linoleic (13%), stearic (7%), myristic (6%), myristoleic (4%), ${\alpha}$-linolenic (2%) and arachidic acid (1%). The composition of fatty acids and the proportion of essential fatty acids significantly differed among the diets. The proportion of essential fatty acids was highest in the control treatment (21%) but low in less diversified (one to three feed) diets (12-13%). This study demonstrates that the fatty acid composition in R. differens can be influenced through diet. Thus, with dietary manipulations, using local plants in Africa, it is possible to produce R. differens with preferred high quality essential fatty acids for human consumption.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제32권11호
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• pp.853-856
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• 2023

This study assesses the palatability of regular canine diets and seven types of black soldier fly-based canine diets when fed to dogs. Sixteen dogs of two types were included in this study: 8 poodles (average weight 2.7 kg ± 0.5) and 8 bichons frises(average weight 2.0 kg ± 0.5). For intake and first choice, two-bowl tests, adhering to standards of canine palatability, were conducted every two days for a total of 14 days by comparing between the control and each treatment. Data, including total intake and total first choice were collected and accumulated for a total of 58 days. This encompassed 14 days of data on comparison between control and treatments, and 44 days of data on comparison among treatment groups (e.g., T1 vs T2) of black soldier fly-based canine diets. Significance differences in canine palatability was observed in treatments (p<0.05), except for the control and T2 results. Among the two-bowl tests, T1 and T2 exhibited the lowest intake and first choices. In particular, the palatability of canine diets ranked in the order T6 > T3 > T7 > T4 > T5 compared to each control. The total intake demonstrated in the following ranking: T6 > T3 > T7 > T5 > Control > T4 > T2 > T1. The total first choice was highest for T6, followed by T3, T7, T5, T4, Control, T2, and T1. In conclusion, insect diets with higher protein content such as T6, T3, and T7 representing as black soldier fly-based canine diets exhibit higher intake and first choice preferences in canines.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2021

Natural nonwoven silk fabric has attracted researchers' attention owing to its unique properties as a biomaterial. It is fabricated by reeling, wetting, and hot pressing natural silk filament from silkworm cocoons. In this study, silkworm cocoons were immersed in water at different temperatures for various durations to examine the effects of wet treatment on their crystallinity and morphology. As the treatment temperature and time increased, the cocoon's silk filament separation became more evident, and fibroin strands were observed in it. The crystallinity indexes of the silkworm cocoons increased until a treatment time of 2 h and remained constant thereafter. The increase in the crystallinity index using wet treatment was enhanced by increasing the treatment temperature. Although the weight loss of the silkworm cocoon was insignificant until 40℃, it was appreciable above this temperature, and the degree of weight loss constantly increased with increases in the treatment temperature and time.