• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.817-822
• /
• 1997

구름버섯 자실체에서 분리된 항응고성 다당류의 혈액응고 저해기작을 검토하였다. 항응고성 다당(CV-40-Va-1)은 vWF의 활성을 감소시킴으로써 혈소판응집을 억제시키는 것으로 나타났으며, 혈액응고인자중 thrombin뿐만이 아니라 내인성경로의 factor VII, IX, XI, XII의 활성 또한 억제 하였다. 그러나 CV-40-Va-1의 항응고 활성은 thromin에 직접 작용하는 것이 아니라 antithrombin III 의존적 활성을 보였다. Sulfation에 의하여 CV-40-Va-1의 항응고활성의 증가와 다당의 desulfation시 상반된 결과에서 CV-40-Va-1의 황산기가 항응고활성의 중요한 인자임을 알 수 있었다. CV-40-Va-1을 TFA로 부분가수분해하여 얻은 획분들(Fr.I, Fr.II)에서는 항응고 활성이 감소하였으나 분자량 1,000정도로 추정되는 획분(Fr.II)은 오히려 혈소판응집을 강력하게 억제하였다.

• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.95-110
• /
• 2021

Purpose - This paper intends to conduct theoretical analysis and empirical test on the action mechanism of South Korea-China trade and South Korea's FDI to China on green total factor productivity, so as to provide a new perspective and ideas for the improvement of China's green total factor productivity and promote the high-quality development of China's economy Design/methodology - This paper uses the data of 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China from 2004 to 2017 as the research sample, adopts the GML index method of SBM Directional Distance Function to measure GTFP, and analyzes the influence of South Korea-China trade and FDI from South Korea on China's GTFP. Findings - Trade is conducive to promoting technological progress, which has a significant promotion effect on China's green total factor productivity. While FDI has a significant inhibitory effect on China's green total factor productivity, which verifies the "pollution haven" hypothesis. In addition, such influence has certain regional overall heterogeneity. Trade has a more significant promoting effect on GTFP in eastern coastal areas, while FDI has a more significant inhibitory effect on GTFP in central and western inland areas. The interaction between trade and FDI is conducive to the improvement of green total factor productivity, indicating that the benign mechanism of trade and FDI has been formed. Urbanization, industrial structure, human resource level and investment in science and technology are all conducive to the improvement of GTFP. Originality/value - Through theoretical analysis and empirical test on the action mechanism of South Korea-China trade and South Korea's FDI on green total factor productivity, this paper provides a solid theoretical foundation for the further development of China-South Korea economic and trade cooperation in the future.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제48권2호
• /
• pp.236-244
• /
• 2024

Background: Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum) is the primary pathogenic fungus that causes Panax notoginseng (P. notoginseng) root rot disease. To control the disease, safe and efficient antifungal pesticides must currently be developed. Methods: In this study, we prepared and characterized a nanoemulsion of Foeniculum vulgare essential oil (Ne-FvEO) using ultrasonic technology and evaluated its stability. Traditional Foeniculum vulgare essential oil (T-FvEO) was prepared simultaneously with 1/1000 Tween-80 and 20/1000 dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The effects and inhibitory mechanism of Ne-FvEO and T-FvEO in F. oxysporum were investigated through combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses. Results: Results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Ne-FvEO decreased from 3.65 mg/mL to 0.35 mg/mL, and its bioavailability increased by 10-fold. The results of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) showed that T-FvEO did not contain a high content of estragole compared to Foeniculum vulgare essential oil (FvEO) and Ne-FvEO. Combined metabolome and transcriptome analysis showed that both emulsions inhibited the growth and development of F. oxysporum through the synthesis of the cell wall and cell membrane, energy metabolism, and genetic information of F. oxysporum mycelium. Ne-FvEO also inhibited the expression of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase and reduced the content of 2-oxoglutarate, which inhibited the germination of spores. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that Ne-FvEO effectively inhibited the growth of F. oxysporum in P. notoginseng in vivo. The findings contribute to our comprehension of the antifungal mechanism of essential oils (EOs) and lay the groundwork for the creation of plant-derived antifungal medicines.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제1권5호
• /
• pp.467-475
• /
• 1997

Although one of the major physiological functions of taurine(2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is the inhibitory action on the central nervous system(CNS), the mechanism of taurine in controlling the neuronal excitation in the CNS has been in controversy. Electrically evoked pEPSP and spontaneous activity induced by the perfusion of low $Mg^{++}-ACSF$ were recorded in the CA1 pyramidal cell layer of the hippocampal slice. To test the inhibitory effect of taurine on spontaneous responses, taurine was treated for 2 min at various concentrations(1 mM-10 mM). Taurine reduced the spontaneous activity by 22.2% at 1 mM, and 100% at 2 mM in low $Mg^{++}-ACSF$. Evoked response was induced by electrical stimulation of Schaffer collateral-commissural fibers. Taurine reduced the evoked response by 11.68% at 3 mM, and 24.25% at 5 mM. Even 20 mM of taurine reduced the evoked response only by 24 % after 5 min treatment. That is, the inhibitory efficacy was much higher in spontaneous activity than in evoked response. The $GABA_A$ receptor antagonist, 100 uM bicuculline, blocked the inhibitory action of taurine, while $GABA_B$ receptor antagonist, 700 uM phaclofen, did not. Taurine blocked the spontaneous activity in the presence of CNQX, and did not block the electrically evoked responce in the presence of APV. The results suggest that taurine causes hyperpolarization in the cell by binding to $GABA_A$ receptor and preferentially attenuates NMDA receptor-mediated hyperexcitation, leaving synaptic transmission unmodified.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.55-67
• /
• 2003

Objective : In order to investigate the curative effect of Jucha-whan on the protective liver of guinea pigs induced by $CCl_4$ and d-galactosamine, serum transaminase(GOT, GPT), lactic dehydrogenase(LDH), alkaline phosphatase(ALP), glutathione S-transferase(GST), superoxide dismutase(SOD) were used to measure enzyme activities and lipid peroxide level. Method : The subject animals were divided into 5 groups; a control group(untreated), a subject group(administered with 0.9% Saline solution), a sample I (500mg/kg administered), sample II group (1000mg/kg administered), positive control group(administered with 200mg/kg silymarine). Result : The inhibitory effects on the serum GOT, LDH, ALP, SOD and Lipid peroxide level activities in protective liver of mice induced by $CCl_4$ were noted both in the sample I group and sample II. The inhibitory effects on the serum GPT activities in protective liver of guinea pigs induced by $CCl_4$ were noted in sample II group, but it was not noted in the sample I. The inhibitory effects on the GST activities in protective liver of guinea pigs induced by $CCl_4$ were not noted in both sample I and sample group II. The inhibitory effects on the serum GOT, GPT activities in protective liver of guinea pigs induced by d-galactosamine were noted in both sample I and sample II, but it was not recognizable statistically. The inhibitory effects on the serum LDH activities in protective liver of guinea pigs induced by d-galactosamine were noted in sample II, but it was not noted in sample I group. Conclusion : According to the above results, it is considered that Jucha-whan has treatment effects on liver injury in guinea pigs induced by $CCl_4$ and d-galactosamine. So it is required to study about the actions of mutual relation of medicines and patho-mechanism through experiment.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.420-425
• /
• 2007

Purpose:The mechanism of scar formation is not fully understood. Fibroblast is an important cell in wound healing process. We experienced a patient who was taking progesterone orally. Upper blepharoplasty was performed on her but, wound healing was delayed. We hypothesized that progesterone was the cause of delayed wound healing and fibroblast proliferation inhibition. We investigated the effect of progesterone in vitro on human dermal fibroblasts to study the effects on fibroblast proliferation. Methods: Human dermal fibroblasts from four persons were cultured initially. Progesterone is mixed to them at various concentrations, and fibroblast cell count was measured by MTT assay method at 570 nm. We confirmed that progesterone has some inhibitory effect on fibroblast proliferation and maximal inhibitory concentration of progesterone was determined. Then fibroblasts from a total of nineteen persons were cultured and the effects of progesterone were studied. Results: The initial study showed the maximal inhibitory concentration of progesterone to be $50{\mu}g/ml$. The main study showed that progesterone had 70.9% inhibitory effect on human dermal fibroblast in vitro. Conclusion: Progesterone has inhibitory effect on cultured human dermal fibroblast proliferation in vitro.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.105-112
• /
• 1995

In ordedr to gain insight into the mechanisms byl which erythropoietin promotes erythropoiesis, effects of various inhibitors on the erythropoietin-propmoted differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells and on the erythroid progenitor cells and on the erythropoietin-promoted $Ca^{++}$ uptake in the progenitor cells were determined, and the relationship between the inhibitory activity of each inhibitor cells were determined, and he relationship between the inhibitory activity of each inhibitor toward the differentiation and channel blocker (varapamil), a $Ca^{++}$ chelator (EDTA) and a protein kinase C inhibitor (stauroporine). All of these agents inhibited both the erythropoietin-mediated differentiation of the erythroid progenitor cells, as determined by the incroporation of $^{59}Fe$ into heme, and $Ca^{++}$ uptake in a concentrtion dependent manner. In the cases of varapamil and EDTA, the half-miximal inhibitory concentration $(IC_{50})$ values for differentiation of the progenitor cells may be theconsequence of the inhibition of the $Ca^{++}$ uptake in a concentration dependent manner. In the cases of varapamil and EDTA, the half-miximal inhibitory concentration dependent manner. In the cases of verapamil and EDTA, the half-miximal inhibitory concentration $(IC_{50})$ values for differentiation of the progenitor cells may be the consequence of the inhibition of the $Ca^{++}$ uptake by the inhibitor. On the other hand, in the cases of genistein and stauroporine, the $IC_{50}$ values for inhibition of differentitation were significantly different from that for inhibition of $Ca^{++}$uptake. These results suggest that the mechanism of inhibition of differentiation by these two inhibitors in complex. However, taken all together, the above results support the proposition that $Ca^{++}$ uptake may play a role in the erythropoietin-mediated differentiation of erythoid progenitor cells.

• 대한화장품학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.33-38
• /
• 2004

본 연구에서는 천마(Gastrodia elata)추출물의 분획과 butanol 분획층의 연속적인 silicagel column chromatography를 통하여 유효성 분인 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol 1. bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) methane 2. gastrodin(4-$\beta$-D-glucopyranosyloxybenzyl alcohol) 3을 분리하였다. 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol 1과 gastrodin(4-$\beta$-D-glucopyranosyloxybenzyl alcohol) 3은 tyrosinase에 대한 저해작용은 없으나 B16 melanoma 세포의 melanin 새성을 억제한다는 것을 발견하였다. Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)methane 2 ($IC_{50}$/ = 400 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL)은 arbutin ($IC_{50}$/ = 400 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL) 보다 약 $\frac{1}{4}$의 tyrosinase 활성 저해작용을 나타내었지만 B16 melanoma 세포의 melanin 생성 억제는 오히려 arbutin 보다 높게 나왔다. 또한 butanol 분획층 ($IC_{50}$/ = 46$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL)의 tyrosinase에 대한 활성 저해 작용이 arbutin ($IC_{50}$/ = 114 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL)보다 높은 억제 작용을 나타내었고 B16 melanoma 세포의 melanin 생성 억제도 arbutin 보다 높게 나왔다. 특히 butanol 분획층으로부터 분리된 페놀성 혼합물 ($IC_{50}$/ = 2.37 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL)은 arbutin 보다 약 50배 가까운 매운 높은 tyrosinase 활성 억제 작용을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과로부터 천마추출물로부터 분리된 유효성분들이 tyrosinase에 대한 저해작용 뿐만 아니라 B16 melanoma 세포의 melanin 생성을 억제하는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.109-119
• /
• 1990

Ro09-0198, a cyclic peptide isolated from culture filtrates of Streptoverticillium griseoverticillatum, induced lysis of erythrocytes. Ro-09-0198-induced hemolysis was temperature-dependent and the sensitivity of hemolysis differed greatly among animal species. Preincubation of the peptide with phosphatidylethanolamine reduced the hemolytic activity, whereas other phospholipids present in erythrocytes in nature had no effect. A study of the structural requirements on phosphatidylethanolamine necessary for interaction with the peptide indicates that Ro09-0198 recognizes strictly a particular chemical structure of phosphatidylethanolamine: dialkylphosphoethanolamine as well as 1-acylglycerophosphoethanolamine showed the same inhibitory effct on hemolysis induced by Ro09-0198 as diacylphosphatidyl-ethanolamine, whereas phosphoethanolamine gave no inhibitory effect. Neither phosphatidyl-N-monomethylethanolamine nor alkylphosphopropanolamine had an inhibitory effect. Proton resonances of the peptide were observed in dimethyl sulfoxide solution in the presence of 1-dodecanoyl-sn-glycerophosphoethanolamine. This peptide caused permeability increase and aggregation of liposomes containing phosphatidylethanolamine. A glycerol backbone and a primary amino group of phosphatidylethanolamine are necessary for interaction with Ro09-0198 to cause membrane damage. Ro09-0198 induced a selective permeability change on liposomes. Glucose and umbelliferyl phosphate were effluxed significantly, but sucrose was only slightly permeable and inulin could not be released. Platelet aggregation and serotonin release simultaneously induced by Ro09-0198. Addition of peptide to rat platelet, loaded with the fluorescent $Ca^{++}$ chelator quin-2, caused immediate rise in cytosolic free $Ca^{++}$ to liposomal membrane containing phosphatidylethanolamine was observed dose dependently.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제50권4호
• /
• pp.277-284
• /
• 2019

Rumex crispus is known to have anticancer, antioxidant, antibacterial, and bone loss inhibitory activities. Mast cells are critical immune cells that induce a type 1 IgE-mediated allergic reaction. However, there are no reports of inhibitory effects of Rumex crispus on mast cells and allergic reactions. In this study, we performed some experiments to investigate whether Rumex crispus ethanol extract(RCE) has any inhibitory effect on antigen-induced type I allergic response in vitro and in vivo. RCE inhibited degranulation of IgE-mediated mast cells(IC₅₀, ~57 ㎍/ml) and cytokine production such as TNF-α and IL-4 in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo, RCE significantly inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA)(ED₅₀, ~198 mg/kg) in mice. Furthermore, RCE inhibited degranulation of MCs in ear tissue of mice with PCA. Mechanism studies showed that RCE inhibited the activation of Syk and Syk-dependent pathway such as LAT, PLC-γ, Akt, and MAP Kinase. Our results demonstrate for the first time that RCE inhibits type I hypersensitive response by suppressing the activity of Syk in mast cells, thereby reducing degranulation and cytokine production. Taken together, RCE could be used as a novel therapeutic material to suppress allergic diseases.