• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.215-222
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• 1999

Methylotrophic actinomycetes No. 155 produced an aminoglycoside antibiotics(AG)-resistant inhibitor. We have previously reported that the inhibitor shows strong inhibition to sisomicin-resistant strain. In order to understand the functions of inhibitor and sisomicin-resistance, characterizations and purification of inhibitor were investigated. Strain No. 155 was tentatively identified as Nocardiopsis sp. based on morphological and some physiological characteristics. In the antimicrobial activity test, the addition of inhibitor to sisomicin showed a reduction effect of MIC on the test strains such as Gram(+), Gram(-) bacteria and yeasts. The combination of the inhibitor and various antibiotics revealed synergistic against E. coli K-12 and B. subtilis PCI 219. The induced intracellular proteins from sisomicin-resistant strain exhibited the sisomicin inactivation by invitro test. And the induced intracellular proteins were inactivated by addition of the inhibitor. The inhibitor compound was purified by anion exchange chromatography(Dowex-1) and HPLC using Asahipak ES-502C column. The purified inhibitor compound was detected in a single peak(above 98.5% purity) through the HPLC analysis.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.181-187
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• 1998

Nitric Oxide (NO), derived from L-arginine, is produced by two types (constitutive and inducible) of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). The NO produced in large amounts by the inducible NOS is known to be responsible for the vasodilation and hypotension observed in septic shock. We have found three polyacetylene compounds which inhibited the production of NO in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. Their structures were identified as panauynol, ginsenoyne A and PQ-6 by the spec- troscopic analysis (IC50 values were 32.3 $\mu$M, 2.3 $\mu$M, 1.5 $\mu$M, respectively). These polyacetylenes may be useful candidates for the development of new drug to treat endotoxemia and inflammation accompanied by the overproduction of NO.

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2007년도 제48회 학술심포지움 및 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.118.2-118.2
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• 2007

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• Toxicological Research
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.273-277
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• 1995

Several metabolic modulators on the generation of carbon monoxide (CO)from dichloromethane (DCM) was examined in adult female rats. It has been known that DCM is converted to CO by cytochrome P-450 or to carbon dioxide $(CO_2)$ by glutathione-dependent metabolic reaction. In rats treated with DCM (3 mmol/kg, ip) only, the carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) level reached a peak of approximately 10% 2 or 3 hr following the treatment. Disulfiram (300 mg/kg, ip) or allylsulfide (200 mg/kg, po), both known as a selective inhibitior for cytochrome P-450 2E1, blocked the increase in COHb concentratlons almost completely suggesting that the metabolic conversion of DCM to CO is mediated by the activity of this specific type of isozyme. YH439 (125 or 250 mg/kg, po), a potential hepatoprotective agent, decreased the COHb elevation as well indicating that this chemical is a potent inhibitor for 2E1. In rats treated with pyrazine (200 mg/kg, ip) 18 hr prior to DCM the peak COHb concentration was decreased by approximately 3 or 4%. However, pretreatment of rats with pyrazine either 24 or 48 hr before DCM increased the peak COHb concentration significantly compared to the rats treated with DCM only. The results in the present study strongly suggest that the generation of CO from DCM depends on the 2E1 activity and that the pharmacological and/or toxicological action of YH439 or pyrazine in animals or human is associated with its effect on this isozyme.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.201-206
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• 1986

These experiments were conducted to know whether RNA syntheis is involved in the cumulus expansion and oocyte maturation of mouse cumulus-oocyte complexes in vitro. Mouse cumulus-oocyte complexes(COC's) were cultured in the presence of cordycepin, an inhibitior of RNA synthesis and its effect on the cumulus expansion and oocyte maturation were examined. The results were as follows. 1. Continuous presence of cordycepin in the medium(200${\mu}g/ml$) inhibited the HCG-induced cumulus cell expansion of mouse complexes. This inhibition was reversible. 2. When the COC'S were preincubated with different concentration of cordycepin plus HCG for 3 hours and then transferred to the plain medium, the HCG induced cumulus expansion was suppressed at $100{\mu}g/ml$ of cordycepin. 3. When the COC'S were cultured with cordycepin after HCG stimulation(3hrs), the cumulus expansion were not suppressed by cordycepin. 4. Oocyte meiotic maturation did not appear to be affected by cordycepin. The data presented here imply that RNA synthesis is involved in the cumulus expansion process and that mouse oocytes are more resistant to RNA synthesis inhibitor than cumulus cells.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.86-93
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• 2004

Nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as an important intracellular and intercellular messenger, controlling many physiological processes and participating in the fertilization process via the autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. This study investigated whether nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitior (L-NAME) and L-arginine could regulate in vitro fertilization and early embryonic development in mice. Mouse epididymal spermatozoa, oocytes, and embryos were incubated in mediums of variable conditions with and without L-NAME or L-arginine (0.5, 1, 5 and 10mM). Fertilization rate and early embryonic development were significantly inhibited by treating sperms or oocytes with L-NAME (93.8% vs 66.3%,92.1% vs 60.3%), but not with L-arginine. In contrast, fertilization rate and early embryonic development were conspicuously reduced when L-NAME or L-arginine was added to the culture media for embryos. Early embryonic development was inhibited by microinjection of L-NAME into the fertilized embryosin a dose-dependent manner, but only by high concentrations of L-arginine. These results suggest that a moderate amount of NO production is essential for fertilization and early embryo development in mice.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.581-589
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• 2009

The water extract of Dohongsamul-tang(DHSMT) has been traditionally used in treatment of ischemic heart and brain diseases in Oriental Medicine. However, little is known about the mechanism by which DHSMT protects C6 glial cells from glucose deprevation induced damages. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of DHSMT on 2-deoxy-D-glucose induced autophagy of C6 glial cells. Autophagic phenotype is evaluated by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry with specific biological staining dyes, including monodansylcadaverine and acridine orange, as well as Western blot analysis with microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3) and Beclin-1. Treatment with 2-deoxy-D-glucose significantly resulted in a decrease of the viability of C6 glial cells and increase of the extracellular LDH release in a dose and time-dependent manner. However, pretreatment with DHSMT protected C6 glial cells from glucose deprivation with 2-deoxy-D-glucose. The author also observed the fact that autophagy phenotype occurred by 2-deoxy-D-glucose in C6 glial cells. Pretreatment with 3-MA, a pharmacological inhibitior of autophagy, abolished the formation of acidic vesicle organelle in C6 glial cells treated with 2-deoxy-D-glucose. However, pretreatment with DHSMT inhibited the formation of autophagic phenotypes, including formation of acidic vesicle organelle, and increase of the expression of LC-3 II Beclin-1 proteins in C6 glial cells treated with 2-deoxy-D-glucose. Taken together, these data suggest that DHSMT is able to protect C6 glial cells from glucose deprivation with marked inhibition of autophagy formation.

• BMB Reports
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.196-204
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• 2007

Our previous study has shown that sodium selenite can cause apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia-derived NB4 cells in a caspase-dependent manner, but the detailed mechanism is unknown. Here we demonstrate a requirement for extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) in mediating sodium selenite -induced apoptosis in NB4 cell. Though no apparent elevation of ERK activity was observed during the apoptosis in NB4 cells caused by 20 μM sodium selenite treatment, PD98059 and U0126, specific chemical inhibitors of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway, were shown to strongly prevent the apoptosis process, while ERK activator TPA enhanced the process. It is also known that p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 and JNK inhibitor SP600125 had slight effects on apoptosis. Further study indicated that ERK exerted its proapoptotic effect only at the early stage of apoptosis and played an antiapoptotic role at the later stages. Taken together, our findings suggest that ERK plays an active role in mediating sodium seleniteinduced apoptosis in NB4 cells .

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.554-561
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• 2006

쌀을 혼합해 발효시킨 포도주에 다양한 갈변저해 첨가제를 사용하여 숙성 기간 동안 품질의 변화와 갈변의 억제 정도를 관찰하고 저장성을 증대시켜 새로운 개념의 쌀을 혼합, 발효시킨 포도주의 개발을 모색하고자 하였다. 쌀 포도 혼합 발효주의 발효과정 중의 갈변도를 알아본 결과 포도주, 탁주, 쌀 포도 혼합 발효주 중 쌀 포도 혼합 발효주의 갈변도의 변화가 가장 컸으며, 발효 중 polyphenoloxidase activity와 hydroxymethyl furfural의 함량 변화를 측정해본 결과 효소적 갈변과 비효소적인 갈변이 동시에 진행되었고 효소적인 갈변반응보다는 비효소적인 갈변반응이 쌀 포도 혼합 발효주에서 우세함을 알 수 있었다. 갈변저해 첨가제 처리에 따른 갈변 기질의 변화를 살펴 본 결과 pH의 변화는 거의 없었으며, 총 페놀 함량, 아미노산 함량은 시간이 지남에 따라 갈변반응으로 인해 소진되어 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 저장 중 색의 변화를 살펴보기 위하여, 색도, Hue, intensity 값을 측정하고 관능검사를 실시하였다. $A_{420}$(absorbance at 420 nm)와 $A_{520}$(absorbance at 520nm)의 합을 나타나는 intensity는 그 값이 대조구와 PVPP 처리 시험구에서는 1.0이 넘어 적포도주로서는 부적합하였다. 또 $A_{420}/A_{520}$는 포도주의 Hue를 나타내주는 것으로 역시 대조구와 PVPP 처리 시험구에서 1.0이 넘는 값을 나타내 적포도주로서 부적합함을 알 수 있었다. L, a, b value는 저장기간이 증가함에 따라서 점차 감소하였다. 쌀 포도 발효주의 관능검사 결과 대조구와 polyvinylpolypyrrolidone를 처리한 시험구에서는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으며, potassium metabisulfite를 처리한 시험구가 맛, 향, 색 및 전체적인 선호도에서 가장 높은 점수를 얻었다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.391-397
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• 2007

새로운 고부가가치의 구기자 품종을 개발하기 위하여 구기자 표준 품종들과 이들의 교배종들의 순과 잎, 열매와 뿌리등의 물 추출물과 메탄올 추출물을 제조한 후 심혈관 질환 예방생리기능성과 노화억제 항산화 활성을 조사하여 비교하였다. 구기자 표준품종들의 생리기능성 가운데, 항산화 활성은 청운품종의 구기순의 메탄올 추출물이 93%로 가장 높았고 항고혈압성 안지오텐신 전환효소 저해활성은 청양7호의 지골피의 물 추출물에서 84.1%로 제일 높았다. 구기자 교배종의 생리 기능성중 항산화 활성은 명안A-2의 지골피의 메탄올 추출물이 93.1%로 제일 높았고 ACE저해활성은 DO148-72 (A11) 교배종 열매의 메탄올 추출물이 96.9%로 제일 높았다. 그러나 혈전용해활성과 HMG-CoA reductase 저해활성은 표준품종과 교배종 모두에서 대체로 미약하거나 없었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하였을 때 청운 표준품종의 구기순과 명안A-2 교배종의 지골피가 우수한 항산화 자원으로, DO148-72 (A11)교배종의 구기열매가 훌륭한 항고혈압성 ACE저해제 자원으로 각각 기능성 제품생산에 유용하게 활용될것으로 사료된다.