• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2002

초음파 검사는 수술 전 탈장 진단을 위한 안전하고 간편한 진단방법으로 본 연구에서는 서혜부 탈장의 진단 시 초음파 검사의 정확도와 잠복 탈장에 대한 초음파의 진단적 의의를 확인하고자 하였다. 1999년 3월부터 2000년 1월까지 경북대학교 일반외과학 교실에서 이학적 검사상 서혜부 탈장이 의심되어 술 전 확인을 위해 초음파 검사를 실시한 82명의 남아 (편측성 70예, 양측성 12예)를 대상으로 하였다. 서혜부 탈장 확진을 위한 초음파 검사의 진단 기준은 1)장관 탈장, 2)교통성 음낭수종, 3)초상돌기 확장, 즉 내서혜륜 부위에서 초상돌기의 너비가 4 mm 이상되는 경우로 하였다. 서혜부 탈장의 임상적 증상이 있었던 94개서의 서혜부에 대한 초음파 검사 결과, 장관 탈장 31개 (33%), 교통성 음낭수종 18개 (19%), 초상돌기 확장 38개 (41%), 탈장이 없는 경우가 7개 (7%)였다. 임상적 증상이 없었던 70개소의 서혜부는 초음파 검사상 장관 탈장 4개 (6%), 5개 (7%), 교통성 음낭수종, 초상돌기 확장 11개 (16%), 탈장이 없는 경우가 50개 (70%) 였다. 편측성 탈장의 증상을 가진 환아 중 20예 (28%) 가 초음파 검사에서 이학적 검사상 발견되지 않은 반대측 탈장이 발견되었으며 이들 중 5 개 (7%)는 탈장 없는 것으로 진단되었다. 양측성 탈장을 가진 12예 중 2예가 초음파 검사상 편측성 탈장으로 진단되었다. 초음파 검사상 서혜부 탈장으로 진단된 모든 예에서 서혜부 탈정 교정수술을 시행하였다. 164개소의 서혜부 중 이학적 검사에 의해 137개가 정확하게 진단되었으며 27개가 오진이었으므로 이학적 검사의 정확도는 83.5%였다. 탈장 교정수술을 시행한 107개의 서혜부 중 초음파 검사상 탈장으로 정확하게 진단된 경우는 104개이고 오진된 경우는 3예로 초음파 검사의 정확도는 97.2% 였다. 초상돌기 확대의 경우는 탈장의 증상이 있었던 38개소 중 36개, 증상이 없었던 11개 중 10개로 잠복 탈장의 경우 초음파 진단의 민감도는 93.8%였다. 서혜부 탈장의 진단에 있어 초음파 검사는 비침습적이며 높은 정확도를 가진 진단 방법으로 이미 임상적 검사상 확진된 탈장의 경우 간과하고 지나갈 수 있는 반대측 서혜부 탈장의 진단에 유리하며 본 연구와 같이 내서혜륜의 정상 직경의 상한을 4 mm로 정하면 술 전에 잠복 탈장을 비교적 쉽게 진단할 수 있어 불필요한 반대측 탈장 교정 수술을 줄일 수 있는 장점이 있다. 이에 서혜부 탈장이 의심되는 환아에 있어 상용 검사로 초음파 검사를 제안하는 바이다.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.145-149
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• 2013

전복막지방 탈출로 인한 합병증은 소아에서 매우 드물며 서혜부 탈장과의 감별이 어렵다. 저자들은 술 전 초음파에서 대망 지방을 포함하고 있는 서혜부 탈장으로 진단된 5세 남아의 수술 중 출혈이 합병된 전복막지방탈출증을 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.588-592
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• 2018

Harvesting grafts from the anterior iliac bone has been associated with various complications. A 50-year-old woman presented to our department with a chief complaint of right inguinal swelling and pain. Autologous bone grafts had been harvested on two previous occasions from the right anterior iliac crest for use in the reconstruction of multiple facial fractures. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a full-thickness bone defect in the right anterior iliac crest. A mass was noted in the right gluteus minimus, while a multilocular cystic mass extended from the right iliac crest defect to the right inguinal region. Both the inguinal mass and gluteal mass were removed under general anesthesia. Following histopathological analysis, the gluteal mass was diagnosed as a venous malformation (VM). Based on the patient's clinical course, iliac bone graft harvesting and trauma to the gluteal region triggered hemorrhaging from the VM. Blood components leaked out from the fragile portion of the iliac bone defect, forming a cystic lesion that developed into the inguinal mass. In this case, a coincidental VM resulted in a rare complication of iliac bone graft harvesting. These sequelae could have been avoided by planning for more appropriate ways to collect the grafts.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.847-849
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• 2010

Purpose: Traditional radical surgery for vulvar cancer produces severe skin and soft tissue defects in the vulvar and vaginal area. Vulvoperineal V-Y advancement fasciocutaneous flaps have limitations in advancement and tension at the wound margin and vaginal orifice area, causing wound disruption or vaginal wall exposure. Therefore, we designed the "Butterfly flap" using a vulvoperineal V-Y advancement fasciocutaneous flap and an inguinal rotational skin flap for 3-dimensional reconstruction of vagina and vulvar area. Methods: A 27 year-old female was diagnosed with vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. Radical vulvectomy and full-thickness-skin-graft was performed. We designed a vulvoperineal V-Y advancement fasciocutaneous flap as the greater wing and inguinal rotational skin as the lesser wing. After flap elevation, the inguinal flap was rotated $180^{\circ}$ to reconstruct the labia major and vaginal orifice. The perineum was reconstructed using V-Y advancement flaps. Results: The flap survived completely, without any complications. After 6 months, the patient was able to perform normal sexual activities and after 18 months, the patient was able to give birth to normal child by caesarean section. Conclusion: The traditional vulvoperineal V-Y advancement fasciocutaneous flap is thin, reliable, easily elevated and matches local skin quality. However, the vaginal wall becomes exposed due to limited advancement and tension of the flap. The "Butterfly flap" using a vulvoperineal V-Y advancement fasciocutaneous flap and an inguinal rotational skin flap is useful for the release of vaginal orifice contracture, reconstruction of the labia major, and 3-dimensional reconstruction of vagina and vulvar area.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2006

Recent advances in neonatal management have resulted in a dramatic increase in survival of very low birth weight infants. These critically ill infants, however, continue to pose significant challenges in management and ethics. There is little information on the outcome of the micropremie (birth weight less than 800 g) that require surgery. The records of 171 micropremies treated over a 15 year period (beginning in 1989) at Asan Medical Center was reviewed retrospectively. Forty-one (24.0 %) infants required surgical interventions by pediatric surgeons. There were 90 boys and 81 girls. The smallest infant, weighed 396g at birth, had esophageal atresia and died before surgery. The smallest survivor, birth weight 645 g, received anenterostomy for necrotizing enterocolitis at the weight of 590 g. The gestational age of the group rangedfrom 21 to 36 weeks. The most common surgical problem was inguinal hernia. There were 20 inguinal hernias, and repairs were performed on17 infants. Excluding 2 cases, hernia repair was performed at the time of discharge. There was only one recurrence of adirect inguinal hernia. Necrotizing enterocolitis developed in 17 patients, 11 were operated upon, two had peritoneal drainages, and 9 had enterostomies. Five of 11 surgical infants died after operation and three of the nonsurgical infants died of various complications. Although micropremies have potentially high risks of serious complications and death, the outcome can improve with careful surgical observation and judgment.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2014

The present study compared the postoperative analgesic effects of ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve block with infiltration of local anesthetics (bupivacaine) into the wound in children after inguinal hernia repair. Ninety children below 7 years old who were scheduled elective inguinal hernia repair were randomly allocated into one of three groups. The patients in nerve block (NB) group, ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve block was done with 0.5 mL/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine. The patients in infiltration of local anesthetics (LI) group, 0.5 mL/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine was infiltrated into the wound after surgery. The patients in control group were allocated as a Control group. Postoperative pain was assessed at 1, 3, 5, and 24 hours after operation with FLACC scale and additional analgesic consumption were counted. The three groups were not significantly different in age, sex, body weight, and duration of operation. Pain scores at 1 hour and 3 hours after operation were significantly higher in Control group than in NB group and LI group (p<0.01), whereas there were no difference between NB group and LI group. The rescue analgesics administration was significantly higher in Control group (n=11) than in NB group (n=6) and LI group (n=7) (p<0.05). There were 2 cases of transient femoral nerve palsy in NB group. Both of ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve block and infiltration of local anesthetics into the wound provided effective postoperative analgesia in early postoperative period following inguinal hernia repair in children. But no difference between the two methods. Technically, infiltration of local anesthetics into the wound was easier and safer than ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve block.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2014

Purpose: Laparoscopic hernia repair in children is still controversial. The aim of this study was to report our long-term results of the laparoscopic hernia technique, which is based on the same surgical principles as conventional open herniotomy. Methods: Five hundred fourteen pediatric patients with inguinal hernia were included in this study under informed consent. All patients underwent a laparoscopic technique of sac transection and intracorporeal ligation. The asymptomatic contralateral inguinal ring was routinely explored and repaired if a patient had patent processus vaginalis on the contralateral side. Patients were prospectively followed for 5 years. Those who were lost to follow-up were excluded from the study. Perioperative complications and recurrences were evaluated. Results: The mean follow-up period was 29 months. Mean operation time was 27.5 minutes. Forty one percent of the patients had contralateral patent processus vaginalis. Only one hernia recurred (0.19%). We had one case of contralateral metachronous hernia (0.21%) during follow-up period. Conclusion: The long-term follow-up results of our study revealed that laparoscopic hernia sac transection and ligation can be a safe and effective alternative for conventional herniorraphy.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.138-162
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• 2004

This study was performed to investigate small area variation in rates of three common surgeries in general surgery department across 156 small areas. Three surgery rates were analyzed; Anal and/or stomal procedures, inguinal and/or femoral hernia procedures, appendectomy. Methods: We used health insurance claims data and the number of patients were 13,845, 2,154 and 7,151 persons respectively. Surgery rates were directly standardized with age and sex and logistic regression was used to analyze surgery rates. Results: Mapping of the surgery rates, there was small area variation in anal and/or stomal procedures. The clinic which was located in more competitive market and chose DRG payment system tends to do more anal and/or stomal procedures. There was no factor except DRG bed rates had effect on rate of inguinal and/or femoral hernia procedures. Conclusions: Findings of this study will contribute to developing investigation method on small area variation and policy to reduce the variation such as developing evidence based medical practice guideline.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2006

Testicular feminization syndrome (TFS) is a genetic disorder due to androgen insensitivity of the target organs. The most common clinical presentation of complete TFS is inguinal hernia in the infant or primary amenorrhea in the adolescence. A 7-year old phenotypically female patient was seen with a complaint of a right inguinal mass. Under the diagnosis of right inguinal hernia, high ligation was performed. Six months later, the patient showed a left inguinal mass. On operation, the mass looked like a testis. The external genitalia were normal female, but a uterus and ovary were not identified. Chromosome study showed a 46, XY karyotype and the levels of serum testosterone and dihydrotestosterone were increased after HCG stimulation. The patient was diagnosed as complete TFS and underwent bilateral gonadectomy 6 months later.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2009

This study is a retrospective analysis of 1244 cases of the inguinal hernia in children under the age of fifteen years who were operated at the department of pediatric surgery, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital from March, 1997 to February, 2007. The ratio of male to female was 3.6:1. The type of hernia was indirect in all of the cases. The hernia was on the right side in 656 cases (53.9 %), left side in 467 cases (37.5 %), and bilateral in 121 cases (9.7 %). The hernia presented most frequently in infants under age 12 months; 364 cases (29.2 %). Fifty-nine cases (21.7 %) were in female and 305 cases (31.3 %) in male. There were 428 cases (33.6 %) in 1-3 years age group, 295 cases (23.7 %) in 4-6 years, 112 cases (9.0 %) in 7-9 years, 39 cases (3.1 %) in 10-12 years and 16 (1.2 %) in 13-15 years. The content of hernia sac was small bowel (59 %), omentum (31 %) in males and the ovary and tube (54 %) and small bowel (26 %) in female. The incidence of combined operation at the time was 3.2 %, and consisting of orchiopexy (67.5 %), frenulotomy (12.5 %), appendectomy (10 %), circumcision (5 %), and fistulotomy (5%). The incidence of combined disease was 2.8 % and consisting of undescended testis, Hirschsprung's disease, idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, imperforate anus, and congenital heart disease. After unilateral inguinal hernia repairs, contralateral hernias developed in 34 patients. The laterality of the primary site of hernias were left in 19 cases (55.8 %), and right 15 cases (44.1 %). The 936 cases (75.2 %) were operated under general anesthesia; Mask bagging 663 cases (53.2 %), endotrachea intubation 257 cases (20.6 %), and laryngeal mask 16 cases (1.2 %). The remainder 308 cases (24.7 %) were operated under regional caudal anesthesia.