• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.41-44
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• 1983

본 실험은 내충성품종을 선별하는 데 방사성동위원소인 P-32의 이용성을 검토하기 위해서 흰등멸구에 대해 기왕에 저항성 및 감수성으로 판정되어 있는 10개 품종을 선별하여 섭식량과 식이선호성간의 관계를 조사중 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 약충의 식이선호도와 P-32 섭식량간에는 밀접한 관계가 있었다. 2. 수칭유묘를 표식할 때는 근부와 엽의 길이 및 수를 일정하게 한 후 침적시키는 것이 P-32의 균일성을 인정할 수 있었다. 3. 내충성 검정시 공시충은 성충을 이용하는 것이 약충을 이용하는 것 보다 품종간에 상대적인 비교가 용이하였다.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.34-38
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• 2011

Vinegar is a very popular ingredient used in many cuisines. It is also known for its beneficial health, beauty and possible weight-loss properties. The authors report on a patient who presented to the emergency department with unstable vital signs complaining of generalized abdominal pain after ingestion of 450 ml of apple cider vinegar. We documented a case of corrosive gastrointestinal injury with persistent metabolic acidosis occurring after ingesting apple cider vinegar with an acetic acid concentration of 12~14%. Toxic damage to the liver and kidney were also observed, peaking on post-ingestion day 3. The patient received supportive care and hemoperfusion for three days without much clinical improvement and died in the seventh day of intensive care due to disseminated intravascular coagulation and multi organ failure. Edible vinegar, when taken in large amounts, is capable of inducing corrosive injuries of the GI tract as well as severe systemic toxicities, such as metabolic acidosis. Safety precautions regarding vinegar deserve more public attention and clinicians also should be astute enough to recognize the potential damage accompanying vinegar ingestion.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

Gastric lavage is one of gastrointestinal decontamination methods which have been controversial in the clinical toxicology field for a long time. Expert groups of American and European clinical toxicologists have published the position papers regarding gastric lavage three times since 1997. They recommended that gastric lavage should not be used as a routine procedure in the management of acute intoxication, because they thought that there is no certain evidence of improving clinical outcome by its use. However, the studies they reviewed were not well-controlled randomized trials, which cannot be conducted in the clinical toxicology field due to variability of patients and ethical problems. Therefore, the results from these studies should be interpreted with caution. They also insisted that gastric lavage can be undertaken within 60 minutes of ingestion. The limitation of one hour after ingestion is too arbitrary and may cause a lot of misunderstanding. Formation of pharmacobezoar or gastric hypomotility after ingestion may significantly delay the gastric emptying time so that gastric lavage can be useful even after several hours or more in case of highly toxic substances or severe intoxication. Furthermore, as there are a number of serious intoxication by toxic pesticides with large amount in suicidal attempts in Korea, it seems that gastric lavage may be used more frequently in Korea than in Western countries. When deciding whether or not to use gastric lavage, all the indications, contraindications, and possible adverse effects should be taken into account on the basis of risk-benefit analysis. If the procedure is decided to be done, it should only be performed by well-trained experts.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 1969

This is a report on a total of 11 cases of esophageal perforation in the department of thoracic surgery, Chonnam University Hospital during the period of 8 years from 1962 to 1969. They occurred by the following agents, that is,lye solution[7 cases], fish bone[2 cases]. compress air [one case], strong acid [one case]. The perforated portions of esophagus were cervical esophagus in 2 cases, upper third of esophagus in 5 cases, middle third of esophagus in 3 cases and lower third of esophagus [abdominal esophagus] in one case. 4 cases out of cases of esophageal perforation after ingestion of Lye solution were due to Bougination to improve esophageal stenosis: 2 cases occurred 2 months after ingestion of Lye solution and the remaining 2 cases, 2 to 3 weeks after Lye solution ingestion. Therefore, It is realized that Bougination for esephageal stricture by Lye solution is particularly dangerous. The complication after esophageal perforation were mediastinitis,[10 cases], right pyothorax with mediastinitis [8 cases], peritonitis [4 cases], esophago-bronchial fistula[one case]. Owing to the various complications above mentioned, surgical approach to esophageal perforation is accordingly complicated and a combination of more than two of the following different procedures were properly used case by case, that is. gastrostomy or jejunostomy for feeding and esophageal rest,thoracotomy and chest drainage, lung decortication for pyothorax, primary closure of compress air perforation and esophago-bronchial fistula, mediastinostomy, retrosternal esophagoplasty using right colon to Lye stricture etc. 5 cases[45. 5%] of 11 cases were expired and the rest of 6 cases[54.5%]were survived with complete accomplishment of surgical procedures and satisfactory healing in 4 cases and interruption of follow up in 2 cases because of poor economical condition of the patients.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.113-117
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• 2015

최근 멸종위기식물인 조름나물의 보전과 복원을 위한 연구가 진행되지만, 조름나물의 위해인자에 대한 연구는 진행되지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내 최초로 실험 결과를 통해 조름나물에 대한 위해인자로서 주홍박각시의 생육 및 섭식 특성을 밝혔다. 6마리의 주홍박각시 애벌레를 대상으로 실험을 실시하였으며, 이들의 성장에 따른 몸무게 변화와 먹이 선호도, 조름나물 섭식량을 조사하였다. 주홍박각시 애벌레가 번데기로 용화하는 데는 약 27일이 소요되며, 그때의 몸무게는 4-7.5g이었다. 주홍박각시 애벌레의 먹이 선호도는 조름나물, 봉선화, 개머루, 담쟁이덩굴 순으로 나타났다. 애벌레 동안의 총 섭식량을 모델을 이용해 계산한 결과 11-30g으로 나타났다. 이는 조름나물 순군집 면적 $0.03-0.08m^2$에 해당한다. 본 연구를 통해 주홍박각시는 멸종위기종인 조름나물에 대한 잠재적인 위해인자임이 확인되었으며, 주홍박각시의 분포 범위를 고려할 때 멸종위기종인 조름나물의 보전과 복원 계획에 주홍박각시의 선제적 관리가 포함되어야 함을 제안한다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.108-111
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• 2017

A 4-year-old, weighing 7.6 kg, castrated male, Pug presented with ingestion of gastric cavity foreign body. Physical examination revealed panting, retching and hyper-salivation. Blood chemistry and complete blood cell count were normal, but hypophosphatemia was observed. An abdominal radiograph revealed the foreign body (FB), round shape and 2 cm length, at the pyloric region of stomach. A thoracic radiograph revealed an incidental metal FB, 3.5 cm length, at the cranial portion of the diaphragm. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed to remove the FB in the stomach and then a peach-pit was removed. However the metal FB was not found in the esophagus therefore a lateral thoracotomy was performed. A right lateral thoracotomy through the $7^{th}$ intercostal space was accomplished to expose the right caudal lung lobe. After open the thoracic cavity, foreign body was not observed by gross evaluation and caudal lung lobe was attached to the diaphragm. The FB was identified inside the lung lobe and surrounded by granulation tissue. The metal FB (sewing needle) was removed with blunt dissection and incised lung lobe was sutured using absorbable suture material PDS 4-0 with interrupted suture. A thoracotomy tube was inserted into the thoracic cavity during surgery. Patient's respiration became stable after surgery. A chest tube was removed 3 days after surgery. No complications were noted and the dog was discharged 4 days after surgery. In small animal, foreign body ingestion is a common reason for emergency. After ingestion of the FB, perforation through the esophagus and migration to inside the lung lobe is not common in small animals. In this case, thoracic metal FB was identified incidentally and removal of a thoracic FB with thoracotomy was performed successfully.

• ALGAE
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.153-163
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• 2014

Mesodinium rubrum is a cosmopolitan ciliate that often causes red tides. Predation by heterotrophic protists is a critical factor that affects the population dynamics of red tide species. However, there have been few studies on protistan predators feeding on M. rubrum. To investigate heterotrophic protists grazing on M. rubrum, we tested whether the heterotrophic dinoflagellates Gyrodiniellum shiwhaense, Gyrodinium dominans, Gyrodinium spirale, Luciella masanensis, Oblea rotunda, Oxyrrhis marina, Pfiesteria piscicida, Polykrikos kofoidii, Protoperidinium bipes, and Stoeckeria algicida, and the ciliate Strombidium sp. preyed on M. rubrum. G. dominans, L. masanensis, O. rotunda, P. kofoidii, and Strombidium sp. preyed on M. rubrum. However, only G. dominans had a positive growth feeding on M. rubrum. The growth and ingestion rates of G. dominans on M. rubrum increased rapidly with increasing mean prey concentration < $321ngCmL^{-1}$, but became saturated or slowly at higher concentrations. The maximum growth rate of G. dominans on M. rubrum was $0.48d^{-1}$, while the maximum ingestion rate was 0.55 ng C $predator^{-1}d^{-1}$. The grazing coefficients by G. dominans on populations of M. rubrum were up to $0.236h^{-1}$. Thus, G. dominans may sometimes have a considerable grazing impact on populations of M. rubrum.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.234-239
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of green tea ingestion on hepatocarcinogenesis before and after its initiation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an AIN76A diet with or without green tea. Initiation was induced by a single dose (200 mg/kg) of diethylnitrosamine at week 4 and 0.02% (w/w) 2-acetylaminofluorene was supplied in the diets. The control group had free access to water for 13 weeks (CTR13). Tea infusion was provided from the beginning of the experiment for 13 weeks (PRE13) or from the post-initiation stage until week 13 (POST13). Three other groups (CTR24, PRE24 and POST24) were added to examine the longer-term effects (24 weeks) with the same experimental design. The percentage area of liver sections that were positive for hepatic placental glutathione S-transferase (GST-P), which was used as a marker of preneoplastic lesions, was smaller in PRE13 ($20.2{\pm}5.0%$, $mean{\pm}SD$) and POST13 ($26.0{\pm}4.8%$) than in CTR13 ($33.2{\pm}5.8%$, p<0.05). Over the longer period, the GST-P lesions were significantly smaller for both PRE24 and POST24 ($21.6{\pm}8.5%$ and $22.2{\pm}4.0%$, respectively) than for CTR24 ($28.6{\pm}5.1%$, p<0.05), but there was no significant difference between PRE24 and POST24. The liver content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances was significantly lower in the tea groups than in the controls (p<0.05). However, no significant differences were observed among groups of GST activity. The results show that tea consumption exhibits a stronger short-term initiation-inhibiting ability in liver carcinogenesis, but over a longer period, the preventive effects of green tea ingestion do not differ in post- and pre-initiation.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2008

Purpose: Unrefined tablets prepared from Aconitum tubers are occasionally used in Korean folk medicine. This study defines the potential sources, clinical toxicology, and treatment of aconitine poisoning. Methods: A retrospective survey was conducted in 63 patients in the ED of a tertiary University Hospital with suspected toxicity from an unrefined tablet prepared from Aconitum tubers from 1999 to 2007. Results: A total of 63 cases enrolled included 26 men and 37 women, aged 30 to 86 years. Forty-eight patients ingested aconitine tablets as digestives, 26 tablets on average. After a latent period of 30 to 450 minutes, patients developed a combination of neurologic (87.3%), gastrointestinal (82.5%), cardiopulmonary (41.3%), and other (28.6%) features typical of aconitine poisoning. Initial ECG abnormalities revealed dysrhythmia (61.9%), conduction disturbance (42.9%), and abnormal waveforms (39.7%), with 28.6% of patients having normal ECGs. All patients received supportive treatment or close observation regardless of ingestion amounts. Patients with hypotension or ventricular arrhythmia were treated with inotropic agents or amiodarone. Conclusion: Toxicologic signs and symptoms can occur after the consumption of aconitine tablets, regardless of ingestion amount. The risk occurs because of inadequately processed aconitine roots. This study will provide important data for public education and distribution regulations for Aconitum sp. in Korea.

• ALGAE
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.263-283
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• 2021

To explore the ecophysiological characteristics of the kleptoplastidic dinoflagellate Shimiella gracilenta, we determined its spatiotemporal distribution in Korean coastal waters and growth and ingestion rates as a function of prey concentration. The abundance of S. gracilenta at 28 stations from 2015 to 2018 was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cells of S. gracilenta were detected at least once at all the stations and in each season, when temperature and salinity were 1.7-26.4℃ and 9.9-35.6, respectively. Moreover, among the 28 potential prey species tested, S. gracilenta SGJH1904 fed on diverse prey taxa. However, the highest abundance of S. gracilenta was only 3 cells mL^-1 during the study period. The threshold Teleaulax amphioxeia concentration for S. gracilenta growth was 5,618 cells mL^-1, which was much higher than the highest abundance of T. amphioxeia (667 cells mL^-1). Thus, T. amphioxeia was not likely to support the growth of S. gracilenta in the field during the study period. However, the maximum specific growth and ingestion rates of S. gracilenta on T. amphioxeia, the optimal prey species, were 1.36 d^-1 and 0.04 ng C predator^-1 d^-1, respectively. Thus, if the abundance of T. amphioxeia was much higher than 5,618 cells mL^-1, the abundance of S. gracilenta could be much higher than the highest abundance observed in this study. Eurythermal and euryhaline characteristics of S. gracilenta and its ability to feed on diverse prey species and conduct kleptoplastidy are likely to be responsible for its common spatiotemporal distribution.