• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.121-128
• /
• 1996

This study was performed to define the effects of Far Infrared Ray Radiation Fabrics as summer garments during outdoor work by human trial. One healthy male subject was volunteered for this study. Experimental garments consisted of three kinds of trousers (Cotton, Cotton/linen blended, Far Infrared Ray Radiation Fabric/wool blended) and basic garments (panty, socks, shirts, and dress shirts). The measurements were rectal temp., skin temp., microclimate inside clothing, heart rate, subjective sensation etc. The results were as follows : 1. Rectal temperature showed the lowest in Far Infrared Ray Radiation Fabrics among 3 garments. 2. Skin temperature (forehead, chest abdomen temp.) and mean skin temperature were lower in Far Infrared Ray Radiation Fabrics than in others, especially during early stage of work. 3. Heart rate showed lower value in Far Infrared Ray Radiation Fabrics than in others but there was no significance among the garments. 4. Humidity inside clothing and total weight loss showed the highest value in Far Infrared Ray Radiation Fabrics.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.128-132
• /
• 2007

Thermal Imaging systems are reported to be crucial for fire fighting and beginning to be used by fire fighters. The performance of thermal imaging system is determined by both the radiation of infrared from the target and the attenuation of infrared signal in the optical path by the absorption, scattering, diffraction and reflection. In the scene of fire, water drops with various sizes such as vaporized water, wafer mist from sprinkler, and wafer to suppress the fire reside with various gas generated by burning. To measure the transmission of infrared radiation in the scene of fire, fire simulating system and thermal imagers with cooled detector which detects $3{\sim}5{\mu}m$ infrared and uncooled detector fabricated by the MEMS technology which detects $8{\sim}12{\mu}m$ infrared. are made. With thermal imagers and Ire simulating system, the change of thermal image with respect to the change of visibility controlled with the burned fas was measured. It was found that the transmission of infrared was not reduced by the burned gas, which could be explained by the long wavelength of infrared ray compared with visible ray. However, the transmission of infrared ray was largely reduced by the combination of burned gas and water mist supplied by sprinkler. This is contrary to the results of calculated transmission through the pure water mist and shows that the transmission of infrared ray is mostly affected by the compounds of water mist and burned gas. In this case, it was found that the uncooled detector which detects $8{\sim}12{\mu}m$ infrared ray is better than cooled detector which detects $3{\sim}5{\mu}m$ infrared ray for fire fighting.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.129-136
• /
• 2007

Purpose: We intended to observe the usefulness of far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear for dysmenorrhea. Methods: We introduced far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear to women in childbearing-age by internet portal site. Then, we preliminarily examined dysmenorrhea severity by VAS(visual analogue scale) questionnaire to women interested in far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear. We selected women scored 5 and above of 10 measurement VAS score. Finally, 121 women were the subject of study and used far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear for one menstrual cycle. Before and after use of far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear, we conducted a questionnaire survey of dysmenorrhea severity by VAS. After that, we compared VAS score before and after use. Also, we studied correlation between frequency of far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear use and ${\Delta}VAS$(VAS score before use minus VAS score after use). For statistics, we used Paired samples test and Spearman's rho correlations, SPSS 13.0 for windows. Results: Before and after use of far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear, VAS score means were different. Frequency of far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear use was correlated to ${\Delta}VAS$. Statistically they showed significant result (p<0.05>. Conclusion: The results showed that dysmenorrhea severity by VAS decreased after far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear use. As frequency of use increased, ${\Delta}VAS$ increased. So we can consider far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear effects dysmenorrhea severity.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.299-300
• /
• 2012

We investigate the relation between star formation activity and PAH $3.3{\mu}m$ emission. Our targets are mid-infrared-excess galaxies selected from the AKARI all-sky survey point source catalog. We performed AKARI near-infrared spectroscopy for them. As a result, we obtained $2.5-5{\mu}m$spectra of 79 galaxies, and selected 35 star-forming galaxies out of them. Comparing the PAH $3.3{\mu}m$ luminosities with the infrared luminosities, we find a linear correlation between them. However, by adding the results from literatures for luminous infrared galaxies and ultra-luminous infrared galaxies that are more luminous than our sample, the ratio of the PAH to the infrared luminosity is found to decrease towards the luminous end.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
• /
• 1996.10b
• /
• pp.3-12
• /
• 1996

Cold fusion technologies now are being developed very successfully. The $\pi$-far infrared rays are generated from three dimensional crystallizing $\pi$-bondings of oxygen atoms in water molecules. The growing cavity in water molecules make near resonance state and a vortex of infrared rays and attracts $\pi$-far infrared rays in the water. The cavity surrounded by a lot of $\pi$-far infrared rays has a very strong gravitational field. The $\pi$-far infrared rays are contracted into $\pi$-far infrared rays of half wave length and of one wave length. The $\pi$-far infrared rays of half wave length generate heat while $\pi$-far infrared rays of one wave length are contracted into $\pi$-gamma rays of one wave length. The contracted $\pi$-gamma rays of one wave length make nucleons and mesons, which is the creation and transmutation of matter by covalent bondings and three-dimensional crystallizing $\pi$-bondings into implosion bonding. Patterson power cell generates a very strong gravitational cavity because the electrolysized oxygen atoms make $\pi$-far infrared rays than in plain water.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.34-42
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study was performed to improve the drying quality and drying rate of ginseng slices by combining microwave and far-infrared drying techniques. Methods: Based on single-factor experiments and analyses, a quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination design was adopted to study the effects of the moisture content at the conversion point between the microwave and far-infrared techniques, the ginseng slice thickness and the far-infrared drying temperature on the chip drying time, the surface color difference value, the nutritional composition and the surface shrinkage rate index. Results: Compared to the far-infrared drying alone, the combined microwave and far-infrared drying resulted in an increase in the saponin content of the ginseng slices and reductions in the drying time, surface color difference, and shrinkage rate. Conclusions: We established a mathematical model of the relationships between the surface shrinkage rate index and the experimental factors using the multi-objective nonlinear optimization method to determine the optimal parameter combination, which was confirmed to be the following: microwave and far-infrared moisture contents of 65%, a ginseng slice thickness of 1 mm, and a far-infrared drying temperature of $54^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• v.31 no.6 s.119
• /
• pp.529-534
• /
• 2006

The greenhouse heating system with far-infrared heater was built to analyze various thermal characteristics, such as greenhouse air temperature, soil temperature, energy flow, energy consumption in far-infrared heater, and other factors, which could be used in comparison with other greenhouse heating system in this study. The results showed that the inside air temperature of the far-infrared greenhouse heating system was $5^{\circ}C$ higher than that of hot air heating system. Heat loss of daytime was found to be larger than that of night time as much as 44.8% for the heating system with far-infrared heater. In the heating system with far-Infrared heater, when the lowest ambient temperature was -8 $\sim$ -7$^{\circ}C$, the air temperature of greenhouse was 12 $\sim$ 15$^{\circ}C$, thus the far-infrared heating system was shown to be feasible for heating system. Energy consumption of far-infrared heating system was shown to be less than that of hot air heating system.

• Current Industrial and Technological Trends in Aerospace
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.51-59
• /
• 2008

While the infrared imaging satellites with the several type were developed and operated in the foreign countries, we do not have the domestic infrared imaging satellite up to now. In the paper, the general characteristics of infrared and the applications of infrared image were introduced. Also the oversea development status of the infrared imaging satellite was surveyed and introduced to this paper. According to foreign status, the infrared image is utilized in various application including the forest fire monitoring, the volcano activity research, sea surface temperature measurement, land surface temperature calculation, the climate change research, and the environment monitoring. According to these trend the development of the domestic infrared imaging satellite in low earth orbit was required.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
• /
• v.13 no.10
• /
• pp.697-702
• /
• 2003

FT-IR and thermograph were used to investigate the infrared radiation characteristics of $SiO_2$film made by the sol-gel method. FT-IR spectrum of the $SiO_2$film showed high infrared absorption by Si-O-Si vibration at 1220, 1080, 800 and cm$460^{-1}$ The infrared absorption and radiation wavelength ranges of the $SiO_2$film measured by the integration method coincided with the reflection method, and the infrared emissivity was 0.65, equally. Depending on the bonding of elements, the infrared emissivity was high in the wavelength range where the infrared absorption rate was high, that follows the Kirchhoff's law. The emissivity showed the highest value in the wavelength range between $8∼10\mu\textrm{m}$. $SiO_2$film was considered as an efficient materials for infrared radiator at temperature below 10$0^{\circ}C$. The heat radiation temperature was $117^{\circ}C$ for the aluminum plate, but $146^{\circ}C$ for the $SiO_2$film after 7 minutes heat absorption, consiquently, $29^{\circ}C$ higher than the former.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.251-258
• /
• 2022

Infrared stealth technology used in aircraft is applied to reduce the infrared signal by controlling surface temperature and emissivity using internal heat sink, low emissivity material or metamaterial. However, there is one part of the aircraft where the use of this technology is limited, and that is the radome. Especially, radome should have transmittance for the specific radio frequency, therefore, common stealth technology such as emissivity control surfaces cannot be applied to radome surface. In this study, we developed metal nano-coating for infrared stealth which is applicable to radome surface. We designed slot-type pattern for frequency selective transmission in X-band, and also controlled thickness of metal nano-coating for long wavelength infrared emissivity control. As a result, our infrared stealth surface for radome has 93.2 % transmittance in X-band and various infrared emissivities from 0.17 to 0.57 according to nano-coatings thickness. Also, we analyzed infrared signature of radome through numerical simulation, and finally reduced contrast radiant intensity by 97.57 % compared to polyurethane surface.