• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.804-810
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• 1998

Background: Multiple trauma patients have rapidly increased due to traffic accidents, industrial disasters, incidental accidents, and violence. Multiple trauma can involve injuries to the heart, lung, and great vessels and influence the lives, necessitate prompt diagnosis and treatment. Most of the thoracic injuries can be managed with conservative method and simple surgical procedures, such as closed thoracostomy, but in certain cases open thoracotomy is necessary. Materials and methods: The author analyzed the surgical result of 70 cases of open thoracotomy after multiple organ injury including thoracic organ. Results: The most common type of thoracic lesion was hemothorax with or without pneumothorax and diaphragmatic rupture was the second. Sixty percent of the patients were associated with bone fractures, 42.9% with abdominal injuries, and 37.1% with head injuries. The modes of operation were ligations of torn vessels for bleeding control(48.6%), repair of diaphragm(35.7%), and repair of lung laceration(25.7%) in this order of frequency and additional procedures were splenectomy(14.3%), hepatic lobectomy (8.6%) and repair of liver lacerations(5.7%). Postoperative complications were atelectasis (8.6%), wound infection (8.6%), and pneumonia(4.3%). Postoperatively six patients died(The mortality rate was 8.6%) and the causes of death were respiratory failure(2), acute renal failure(2), sepsis(1), and hypovolemic shock(1).

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.71-81
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• 2020

This study has verified the process of helping actors recognize their sexual problems linked to sexual violence cases through early sexual experience history, and exploring and insighting the stuck feelings of sexual violence actors through psychodrama, which focuses on expressing behavior and emotions. The research questions were divided into sexual violence cases and perceptions of actors, actual insights through psychodrama, and dealt with past biblical history related to actors' events and events, exploration of childhood trauma, and insights and changes in emotions through psychodrama. The results from the study are as follows. First, they showed low self-understanding levels and frequent use of defense mechanisms against sexual violence cases in an environment related to cases involving sexual offenders, and were aware of the problematic factors affecting the cases in the course of their daily lives, but did not take them seriously. Second, there were many distorted masculinity and adult sites related to participants' biblical experience history. In the early experience of sexual activity, it was often viewed as a sexual object rather than an emotional exchange with a lover, and the contents of the initial Bible experience were linked to actual sexual violence cases committed by participants. Third, childhood trauma of participants through psychodrama led to rapidly changing family circumstances and abuse by fathers. Fourth, the actual content of emotions represented by anger in the early stages of psychodrama is meaningful in that it revealed the process of sadness, pain, regret and longing for a departing mother leading to objective insight into emotions through the catharsis process.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.17-32
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to promote health for young female workers. It is based on questionnaires collected from 215 female workers in Incheon area. This study includes health condition (fatigue scores), occupational disease, knowledge of abused drugs and the actual condition of drug use. The results are summerized as follows: - $47.4\%$ visited their health center and were treated with diseases like cold and headache $(34.9\%)$, gastroenteric disease $(6.5\%)$, trauma $(7.9\%)$ and chronic disease such as diabetes and hypertension $(3.3\%)$ - $44.7\%$ received regular health education and $4.7\%$ among them received education on abused drugs. - $20.5\%$ were suffering from work related diseases such as gastroenteric disease, headache, trauma, repiratory disease, skin problem, arthritis, low back pain, shortsightness and tuberculosis. - Total mean fatigue score as an indication of health status was $9.0\pm5.4$ points out of 30 points. Physical mean score (group I) was $3.92\pm2.2$ points and psychological mean score was $2.5\pm2.3$ points and neurosensory mean score was $2.6\pm2.1$ points out of each 10 points. - They recognized analgesics $(55.0\%)$ and the next are laxatives $(49.8\%)$, inhalants $(40.0\%)$, narcotics $(24.2\%)$, stimulants $(24.0\%)$, antihistamines$(5.9\%)$, diuretics $(3.0\%)$, tranquilizer $(2.4\%)$ and sedatives $(1.4\%)$ - They used analgesics $(37.2\%)$ the most and then laxatives $(6.0\%)$, stimulants$(5.6\%)$, diuretics $(1.9\%)$, antihistamines$(0.5\%)$, And nobody used tranquilizer, sedatives, narcotics and inhalant. - The relationship between career, drug abuse education, health center utilization and and the actual condition of drug using was examined. The longer the career and the more educated with drug abuse, the less drug used. And those who utilized health center rarely used more drugs. - The relationship between career, health center utilization, the score of fatigue and use of analgesics was also examined. Those group who have a longer career above 3 years and the group who have never used health center used more analgesics. And the group of fatigue score above 11.0 points used a little more analgesics than the other group. These results indicate that analgesics are the most frequent used drugs among female workers. Those analgesics such as geborin, penzal, saridon, aspirin, tyrenol should be used properly. These basic data is submitted for the education and consultation which are carried out by industrial nurses for promoting health of industrial workers.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.569-579
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to test the mediation effects of adolescents' ego-resilience on the relation between neglect, abuse and life satisfaction. The 6-year longitudinal data from the Korean Children & Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) were collected from 1st grade middle school students. The data were analyzed by structural equation modeling and Sobel testing.The results of this study were as follows. First, the results revealed that the path from neglect and abuse to life satisfaction was partially mediated by family relations. The relations between trauma(neglect) and ego-resilience are negative(${\beta}=-.258$, p<.001). The relations between ego-resilience and life satisfaction are positive(${\beta}=.843$, p<.001). Second, the verification of the mediation effect of ego-resilience showed that ego-resilience was a full mediator between trauma(neglect) and life satisfaction for 1st grade middle school students(Z=-.169, t(CR)=-.012 (p<.05). Based on these results, the practical implications were discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.417-422
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• 2019

Hemodynamically unstable pelvic fractures show a remarkably high mortality rate of 40% to 60%. However, their standard of care remains controversial. We report here a case of a 78-year-old woman who was admitted to the Emergency Department with pelvic pain following a fall. Based on pelvic radiography, she was diagnosed with an unstable pelvic fracture. Her blood pressure was 60/40 mmHg, and owing to her unstable vital signs, emergency angiography was performed without computed tomography (CT). Both internal iliac arteries were embolized without sub-branch selection for prompt control of pelvic bleeding. Following embolization, her vital signs were stabilized. Subsequent CT revealed free intra-abdominal air, suggesting bowel perforation had occurred and necessitating emergency laparotomy. An approximately 1 cm-sized free perforation of the small intestine was identified intraoperatively, and primary closure was performed. A retroperitoneal hematoma identified intraoperatively was not explored further because it was a non-expanding and non-pulsatile mass. The patient was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit and transferred to the general ward on postoperative day 3. In this case, the hemodynamically stable pelvic fracture with bowel perforation was successfully and safely treated by prompt angioembolization without conducting CT.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.235-239
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• 2019

High-grade liver injury is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. We report successful emergency angioembolization and early interventional radiology support to manage a high-grade liver injury in a 29-year-old man who presented following a fall during parachute training. Upon arrival, his blood pressure was 80/40 mmHg, and emergency ultrasonography showed a liver injury with perihepatic fluid collection. The patient's blood pressure reduced to 60/40 mmHg, and emergency angiography was performed without computed tomography (CT) (door to puncture time 36 min). After angioembolization, his blood pressure returned to 120/77 mmHg. Subsequent CT revealed no additional bleeding or hollow viscus injury. He was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit and discharged without complications 30 days after admission. In this case, emergency angioembolization (without performing CT) could successfully and safely treat a hemodynamically unstable patient with a high-grade liver injury.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.447-451
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• 2001

With the exception of gun shot wound, the incidence of penetrating injury of face and neck areas nonorganic foreign bodies is relative low. But the diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic management of penetrating facial wounds need careful decision, when the anatomic proximity of the major vessels and nerve is considered. Penetrating facial trauma with concomitant vascular injury present challenging problems, the immediate complication of this vascular injury are severe bleeding, hematoma formation, shock, obstruction of airway. The vascular injury is conformed by angiography. In this report, a industrial tool(long tack) fired by explosive air is penetrated into face and to neck. In angiograms penetrating injury of the vertebral artery is detected. We performed the embolization of the vertebral artery with coils and manual removal of the foreign body without any complication was followed.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.454-462
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• 1996

With the increase of population, dramatic urbanization, traffic, leisure and sports, the number of maxillofacial injury has increased markedly. Subsequently the number of motor vehicle accident, sports accident and industrial accident were increased and the number of oral and maxillofacial trauma patients were also markedly increased. A clinical study on 177 patients with facial bone fracture who visited Kangnam General Hospital during 4 years(1992-1995) was done by analysing sex, cause, fracture site, treatment method, complication and involvement of other body part. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The occurrence was more frequent in male than in female with the ratio of 4.2 : 1 and most frequently in twenties. 2. Violence was the most common cause of facial bone fracture. 3. Mandible was the most frequently occurred site and there were more cases of simple fracture(81.9%) than cases of compound fracture. 4. Simple fracture was most frequently occurred(44.0%). 5. In mandible fracture, simple fracture was 86.1%, fracture site was average 1.5 sites, most frequently in symphysis. 6. As treatment methods, open reduction(78.5%) was used more frequently than closed reduction(21.5%). 7. Post-operative complication occurred in 29.4% of the cases. 8. Other injuries that were related to maxillofacial fracture occurred in 28.2%.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1115-1124
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• 1991

Recently the thoracic injuries have been markedly increasing due to the vast increase of traffic accident, industrial disaster, and incidental accident as well as the frequent use of the murderous weapons including gun or rifle. Because the thoracic injuries could involve the heart, lung, and great vessels, and would influence the lives, prompt diagnosis and adequate treatment are essential. Most of thoracic injuries can be managed with the conservative treatment and simple surgical procedure such as closed thoracostomy, but certain cases require open thoracotomy to preserve lives and to return to their normal environment. The authors have analysed the result of 53 cases of open thoracotomy after thoracic injuries mainly according to the patient`s chart review. The mean age was 33.4 years old and male to female ratio was about 5: l. Injury mechanisms that elicited thoracic trauma indicated for open thoracotomy were penetrating[47%] and non-penetrating[53%] injuries. The Most common type of the thoracic lesion was hemothorax with or without pneumothorax and diaphragm rupture was the second. 58\ulcornero of thoracic injuries were accompanied by abdominal injuries and 47% by bone fractures. 34 patients were operated within 24 hours after injury and their average elapsed time was 13.6 hour. The remained patients were operated after 24 hours and their average elapsed time was 7.8 days. 71 cases of operative procedures containing some overlappings were performed: diaphragm repair[28], bleeding control[12], pulmonary and cardiac repair[4 cases] Postoperative complication rate was 32.1% and operative mortality rate was 9.4%[5/53].

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.157-168
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• 2020

The number of disasters caused by natural or human-made events such as earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, typhoons, industrial disasters, and the recent outbreak of COVID-19 has increased and the damage caused by such disasters is increasing every year. Disasters can cause physical destruction and also have unexpected psychological impacts, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Ear acupuncture is a treatment modality that can be helpful for both physical and mental health problems. Since ear acupuncture is a cost-effective, flexible, and safe treatment tool, it has the potential to provide medical assistance in disasters. The National Acupuncture Detoxification Association (NADA) auricular acupuncture protocol, originally developed for addiction treatment, has been used for mental illness and behavioral symptoms in both community health settings and in a variety of disaster, terror, and refugee settings. In this review, we introduced the NADA protocol, including its history, features, training, clinical evidence, and cases in disaster settings, suggesting that the NADA protocol could be utilized as a disaster medical support model in Korean medicine.