• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.334-338
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• 2018

Background: With global changes in the current state of work and employment, the role of health-adverse psychosocial work environments has received increasing attention in developed as well as in rapidly developing countries. Thus, there is a need to apply valid measurement tools for monitoring and preventive purposes. This study aims to examine the factorial structure and psychometric properties of the Persian version of the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) questionnaire, assessing one of the internationally leading concepts of stressful work. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study of a random sample of 202 white collar employees in an industrial company in Iran analyzes the ERI scales by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Moreover, aspects of construct and criterion validity are tested. To this end, correlations of ERI scales with subscales of organizational injustice, a complementary work stress model, and also the correlations of ERI scales with a questionnaire assessing psychosomatic symptoms are performed. Results: Internal consistency of the three ERI scales was satisfactoryy (Cronbach ${\alpha}$ effort: 0.76, reward: 0.79, overcommitment: 0.75). Fit indices of confirmatory factor analsis pointed to an adequate representation of the theoretical construct (e.g., adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI): 0.73, goodness of fit index (GFI): 0.78). Negative correlations with subscales of organizational injustice supported the notion of construct validity of the ERI scales, and positive correlations of ERI scales with psychosomatic symptoms indicated preliminary criterion validity. Conclusion: The Persian version of the ERI questionnaire has acceptable psychometric properties and can be used as a valid instrument in research on this topic.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.107-118
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• 2012

Objectives: This study examines the occurrence of disease resulting from low back pain and factors of working environment meaningfully influencing the occurrence of lumbago as well as analyzes '2nd Korean Working Condition Survey (KWCS)' conducted in 2010 so as to establish the prevention and improvement measures. Methods: The analysis method is that it is to compare the prevalence rate of low back pain according to working environment via odds ratio and to implement the test about the factors having the difference in working environment between low back pain group and normal group through weighted t-test. Results: As a result, it indicates that there is a meaningful difference for prevalence rate of low back pain according to age, status in employment and education level which are socio-demographical factors. The analysis in working hours shows that the period of work is a factor raising the prevalence rate of low back pain rather than weekly working hours. The analysis in the work risk factor indicates that the increase in prevalence rate of low back pain takes place to either workers with repetitive movement and continuously standing posture or those with heavy stress and emotional labour. Conclusions: Workers with low back pain have suffered from accident, depression, anxiety disorder and sleep. The factors in which the prevalence rate of low back pain decrease are to provide information on health and safety and working speed, and enough rest.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.319-329
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• 2018

Objectives: The object of this paper is to analyze difference of general and occupational characters, risk exposure and ill health symptom depending on the special type of employment. Methods: 50,007 participants from Fourth Korean Working Condition Survey conducted in 2014 was analyzed. Cross-tabulation analysis was conducted for deriving difference in general and occupational characters, mulitvariate logistic regression analysis was conducted after controlling general and occupational characters for deriving difference in risk exposure and ill health symptom depending on the special type of employment. Results: In the special type of employment, female, ages of 50, education levels of high school, monthly income of 2,000-3,000 thousand won, job types of sales person, enterprises of less than 100 workers, working duration of 2-10 years and long working hours worker's proportion was higher than general employment. Physical(OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.76-0.94) and ergonomic (OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.42-0.55) risk exposure was lower, psychological(OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.54-2.04) risk exposure was higher than general employment, and there was no significant difference between the special type of employment and general employment in chemical/biological risk exposure(OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.94-1.20) and ill health symptom(OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.89-1.09). Conclusions: This article offers the analysing difference between the special type of employment and general employment using huge size cross sectional data represent Korean employees.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2014

Purpose - According to the applied studies knowledge, management implementation can improve organizational performance. The main objective of this study is to develop an understanding of critical success factors that enhance the successful implementation of knowledge management. Research design, data, and methodology - This study used Analytical Hierarchy Procedure (AHP), which is a multi-criteria decision making model that works on fuzzy logic. Using this method, researchers can find the proportion of success due to the contribution of the critical success factors (CSFs). Results - The results show that more than 70% of respondents indicate the possibility of success in knowledge management implementation. Further, the results show that top management support has the greatest relationship with the success of knowledge management implementation. This was followed by information technology, performance measurement, and culture, which had a high relation with knowledge management success. Process and activities have a moderate positive relation, while education and training has a low relation with success. Because of an inappropriate p-value, knowledge management strategies show no relation to the success of knowledge management in the Iranian health Industry. Conclusions - This study was conducted because of a critical issue in the Iranian health industry that indicated that a significant portion of the workforce would retire in 5 to 10 years. Most highly experienced and knowledge oriented employees would become eligible for retirement. Therefore, knowledge management is presented as a complete solution in the Iranian health sector.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.84-97
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to develop the Korean Prototype of Wellness Index (KP-WI) and identify the relationship between Koreans' health characteristics and wellness. Methods: The Wellness Index (WI) was translated into the primitive version of the KP-WI, considering the Koreans' culture and health behavior. It was administered to 223 service industrial employees at one workplace along with the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and Stress Questionnaire-Short Form. Data analyses included item-total correlation, Pearson's correlation coefficient, independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA. Results: The primitive version was modified to KP-WI based on the item-total correlation. The items considered to lower the reliability of the KP-WI were eliminated. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ for each subscale ranged from .857 to .939. Perceived stress and negative emotions correlated significantly with wellness measured by KP-WI (r=-.29, p<.001; r=-.27, p<.001). Positive emotions correlated significantly with wellness (r=.60, p<.001). Conclusion: This study contributes to the development of Korean-style wellness indexes by developing a prototype and exploring the factors related to wellness.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2019

뿌리산업은 4차 산업혁명으로 인하여 기술적 중요성이 증가하고, 지속적으로 성장하고 있지만, 내국인 전문인력 확보가 현실적으로 어려워, 외국인 근로자가 증가하고 있다. 본 연구는 뿌리기업에서 근무하는 외국인과 내국인의 역할내 성과 향상을 위한 조직 몰입 방안을 제시하고, 집단간 비교를 통한 차별화 지원 방안을 찾고자 한다. 연구대상은 뿌리기업의 외국인과 내국인이며, 설문을 통하여 유효샘플 393개를 수집하였다. 연구가설 검증은 구조방정식 모델링을 실시하였다. 결과는 외국인의 경우 균형잡힌 정보처리가 조직몰입을 통해 역할 내 성과에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 내국인의 경우 관계적 투명성, 균형잡힌 정보처리과정, 내재화된 도덕적 관점이 조직몰입을 통해 역할 내 성과에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 분석 결과는 집단별 역할 내 성과 향상을 위한 전략적 접근 방향을 제시한다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2019

Lack of incident reporting culture has been pointed out as a potential risk factor across industries. Consequently, comprehensive understanding of the factors affecting the willingness to report (WTR) is necessary. However, our knowledge on the related studies are not enough to date and even most parts of the existing studies have focused on patient safety, which makes it difficult to universally apply the factors to all industries. Therefore, this study aimed to identify WTR factors in chemical plants and evaluate the influence degree of the factors. To do this, 45 candidate factors were summarized throughout the previous studies and surveying plant safety staff. A questionnaire survey was conducted for 614 all employees from 9 chemical plants which belong to one company, and finally 32 WTR factors were identified throughout 520 responses. Of these, 19 factors were consistent with the previous studies and 13 factors were newly identified. The most influential factor was 'Views on the necessity of incident reporting', and 'Reporting practice by outcome severity', 'Fear of vilification, conflicts, blame, or sanctions' were followed. This result not only suggests various WTR factors suitable for chemical plants, but also shows need to derive specific factors that are appropriate to each industry. An empirical study could be expected to increase incident reporting by using these factors and verify its effectiveness on injury rate.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2019

Objective: This study analyzed the status of the application of trade secrets in MSDSs according to size and type of industry. The contents of the MSDS non-public approval policy are summarized. We suggest proactive improvement requirements related to the operation of the MSDS non-public approval policy. Methods: To review this subject, we selected 153 manufacturers and six importers in such fields as organic chemical production. The trade secrets application status and ratio (%) of MSDSs by industry size and industry classification were investigated. Improvements toward a proactive system related to the operation of the MSDS non-public approval policy under the Occupational Safety and Health Act(OSHA) were summarized. Results and Conclusions: According to the results, the trade secret ratio in MSDSs by industry size was 33% in workplaces with less than 50 employees, 23.1% in workplaces with more than 50 but less than 100 workers, 73% in workplaces with more than 100 workers, and 83.4% in workplaces with 300 or more workers. For the trade secret writing rate for MSDSs by industry, the highest was MOCCP (Manufacture of ink, paint, coating and similar products) at 80.9%. MOC (Manufacture of other chemicals) was the lowest at 16.2%. We propose four proactive efforts to minimize the administrative burden of implementation of the MSDS non-public approval policy. The results of this study can be used as basic data for policy improvements to make more effective use of MSDS.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study is to propose the benefits of reduction measures according to the occupational radon reference level in order to present basic data for radon management guidelines considering domestic circumstances. Methods: This study uses radon data measured in the subway stations from 2015 to 2016. Of the total of 4,643 cases, 4,231 cases were analyzed excluding the 412 cases where the values were below $300Bq/m^3$. Results: Cost-Benefit analysis was done on the results of the field survey on subway work sites. At the exposure level of $400Bq/m^3$, the ratio between the cost and the benefit was highest at 1 : 1.81(the cost was KRW 1,398,568,032, while the benefit KRW 2,5248,772,841). At the exposure level of $600Bq/m^3$, the ratio of cost and benefit was 1: 1.80, at $300Bq/m^3$ it was 1.72, at $800Bq/m^3$ it was 1.71, at $200Bq/m^3$ it was 1.54, and at $100Bq/m^3$ it was 1.40. Conclusions: Radon management in the workplace provides economic benefits and appropriate reduction strategies are needed. In addition, it is necessary to establish and distribute radon exposure assessment procedures and guidelines for the safety and health of employees when exceeding the exposure standard, and guidelines for radon management in the workplace should be established.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2019

산업 재해의 주요 원인에는 추락사고, 가스 누출 등이 있다. 기존의 안전모와 스마트 디바이스 결합 제품들은 편의성에 초점을 맞춰져 있어 위와 같은 사고를 예방하기 위한 기능이 미흡하다. 본 논문에서는 추락사고 인지와 가스 누출 감지 기능에 중점을 둔 스마트 안전모 개발을 다루었다. 또한 효율적으로 근로자를 관리할 수 있는 관리 시스템을 개발하였다. 이 시스템의 핵심 기능은 근로자의 위험 상태를 감지하여 관리자에게 전달하고 근로자의 상태를 확인하는 것이다. 실험을 통해 가연성 가스 측정 능력의 효용성을 검증하였다. 하지만 보드와 센서의 지속적인 동작으로 인해 상당한 전력 소모가 발견됨에 따라 대용량 배터리로 교체하는 등의 대응 방안이 요구된다는 점도 발견하였다.