• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

Purpose: This study verified the influence of teachers' job characteristics on empowerment and job performance, and the mediating effect of empowerment in the relationship between job characteristics factors and job performance. Research design, data, and methodology: As a factor influencing human resources that influence organizational success or failure, job characteristics induce an important psychological state in organizational members, which affects individual motivation and job satisfaction, thereby achieving the goal of securing stable management and job security. In this study, a questionnaire survey of private academy instructors was conducted and reliability and factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used. Results: The purpose of this study was to understand the effect of the job characteristics of academy instructors on empowerment and job performance, and to verify whether empowerment plays a mediating role in the relationship between job characteristics and job performance. Conclusions: As a result of verifying Hypothesis 1, the educational environment, expertise, and social support of academy instructors all had a significant positive (+) effect on job performance. As a result of the verification of Hypothesis 2, empowerment greatly mediated the relationship between the educational environment, expertise, and job performance. However, empowerment did not mediate the relationship between social support for academy instructors and job performance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7690-7697
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• 2015

This study is to reveal structural causal relationship of individual factors influencing association member's substantive payment in the economic view which is a critical factor of project implementation and identify its influence through simulation and actual proof analysis. As the results of analysis, the first, association member's substantive payment is decided to allow for the difference between special price for association members and general price and the profit arising between the time of approval of disposal plan and moving in. The second, on analysis of sensitivity of individual factors influencing association member's substantive payment, floor area ratio applied to project has the biggest influence. Association member's payment is also greatly influenced by the subject of cost allocation for establishing infrastructure in project area. The third, this study set up a structure model based on causal relationship among the factors deciding association member's payment and empirically examined influence and path of influence which the individual factors exercise. The result indicates that control elements and regional characteristic elements influence association member's payment through the medium of plan elements.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.170-175
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• 2014

Objective : The aims of this study was to evaluate relationship between body dissatisfaction, personality characteristic, and stress in young adults. Methods : One hundred and ninety five young, healthy, and normal participants filled out all 3 types of self-reported questionnaire, the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Examination-Self Report (Korean version of BDDE-SR ; K-BDDE-SR), Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and Stress Scale of Korean version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (K-DASS-21). Results : Out of the 195 participants, 30% (n=59) was male and 70% (n=136) was female. There was no statistical difference between high K-BDDE-SR group (K-BDDE-SR score 75 percentile or higher, n=50) and low K-BDDE-SR group (K-BDDE-SR score below than 75 percentile, n=145) in terms of weight, height, and BMI. In high K-BDDE-SR group, neuroticism was significantly higher than low K-BDDE-SR group, and extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness were significantly lower than low K-BDDE-SR group. Also, level of stress in high K-BDDE-SR group was significantly higher than low K-BDDE-SR group. Conclusion : Our study revealed that individual's with more body dissatisfaction were more neurotic and stressful. Thus, body dissatisfaction and diverse psychiatric diseases should be considered in treating neurotic and stressful young adults.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.3824-3832
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• 2009

Would it be true that cutting off using BLOG in business hour prevents that job performance decreases? Even though it is right, would the worker have different reason of using BLOG according to job characteristic? This is the purpose of this study to search the answers for the questions above. Under the first hypothesis, (factors having the people use BLOG can influence the job satisfaction), independent variable was set to three factors and define as 'Interoperability', 'Informative', 'Amusement' respectively and dependent variable was set to job satisfaction in this study. The result of analyzing this hypothesis was that two factors('Interoperability', 'Informative') haveinfluence on job satisfaction but 'Amusement' factor hadn't any influence on job satisfaction. For another hypothesis, (the factor having the worker use BLOG would have different influence on job satisfaction according to job characteristic), Job characteristic was set to 3 group (fixed/unfixed, individual/co-operational, static/active) in this study and these variables were converted to dummy variable for validating the moderating effect on both variables(independent/dependent). The result of analyzing this hypothesis was that all dummy variables set to 3 groupshadn't any moderating effect on both variables. Because a dummy variable couldn't be contained the job characteristic exactly.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.251-257
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• 2013

In this study, ultraviolet protection factor (Sun Protection Factor, SPF) was investigated to provide basic data for subject safety and research of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation test in the future. Trial subjects (395 people) of skin type I, II, and III were evaluated according to skin type standard table. After measuring the skin color using a colorimeter, ITA (Individual Typology Angle) value was calculated. Subjects with 28 and above ITA value were positioned comfortably to be UV irradiated for 60 s and erythema was evaluated 24 hours after application. MED (Minimal Erythema Dose) was investigated where the minimal amount of erythema existed among UVB irradiated area. Statistical analysis was investigated using Statistical Package the Social Sciences program. As a result, the darker skin color results in the higher MED value since the higher skin type number results increased MED value and female has higher MED value than male since female has darker skin type than male. There was no relation between MED difference by ages in all different ages. However, it is hard to draw a conclusion as above since the number of subjects were not sufficient to support statistical significance for MED values by different ages. However, MED values by skin types obtained through this study can be used as a standard when MED value is expected to evaluate efficacy of sunscreen product and as basic data for further safety of clinical researches.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.248-255
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the craniofacial patterns of Korean children with snoring and adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) could be categorized into characteristic clusters according to age. Methods: We enrolled 236 children with snoring and ATH (age range, 5-12 years) in this study. They were subdivided into four age groups: 5-6, 7-8, 9-10, and 11-12 years. Based on cephalometric analysis, the sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns of each individual were divided into Class I, II, and III, as well as the normodivergent, hypodivergent, and hyperdivergent patterns, respectively. Cluster analysis was performed using cephalometric principal components in addition to the age factor. Results: Three heterogeneous clusters of craniofacial patterns were obtained in relation to age: cluster 1 (41.9%) included patients aged 5-8 years with a skeletal Class I or mild Class II and hyperdivergent pattern; cluster 2 (45.3%) included patients aged 9-12 years with a Class II and hyperdivergent pattern; and cluster 3 (12.8%) included patients aged 7-8 years with a Class III and hyperdivergent pattern. Conclusions: This study found that the craniofacial patterns of Korean children with snoring and ATH could be categorized into three characteristic clusters according to age groups. Although no significantly dominant sagittal skeletal discrepancy was observed, hyperdivergent vertical discrepancy was consistently evident in all clusters.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.41-51
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• 2001

Today's health care environment is rapidly changing and nurse administrators' leadership styles need to identify in nursing organization to achieve organizational objectives. By Bass(1985), transformational leadership stimulates the subordinates to be creative and achieve organizational objectives and is related to job satisfaction, job involvement, productivity, and organizational commitment. Transformational leadership process consists of charisma, intellectual stimulation, individual consideration. The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of transformational leadership and personal characteristics on nurses' organizational commitment. The subjects for this study consisted of 594 nurse from 8 University Hospitals and General Hospitals. The data were collected by personal characteristics scale, transformational leadership scale, and organizational commitment scale. The factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were used for the statistical method. The results of this study were found that (1) charisma dimension of transformational leadership has positive influence on nurses' organizational commitment; but another two dimensions(intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration) did not showed significant effect on organizational commitment (2) nurses' personal characteristic(internal locus of control) moderated the effect of transformational leadership on organizational commitment.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.249-261
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• 2001

Today's health care environment is rapidly changing and nurse administrators' leadership styles need to identify in nursing organization to achieve organizational objectives. By Bass(1985), transformational leadership stimulates the subordinates to be creative and achieve organizational objectives and is related to job satisfaction, job involvement, productivity, and organizational commitment. Transformational leadership process consists of charisma, intellectual stimulation, individual consideration. The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of transformational leadership and personal characteries on nurses' job involvement. The subjects for this study consisted of 594 nurses from 8 University Hospitals and General Hospitals. The data were collected by personal characteristics scale, transformational leadership scale, and job involvement scale. The factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were used for the statistical method. The results of this study were found that (1) charisma dimension of transformational leadership has positive influence on nurses' job involvement ; but another two dimensions (intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration) did not showed significant effect on job involvement (2) nurses' personal characteristic (internal locus of control) moderated the effect of transformational leadership on job involvement.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.4913-4916
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• 2016

Objective: As a source of information, medical data can feature hidden relationships. However, the high volume of datasets and complexity of decision-making in medicine introduce difficulties for analysis and interpretation and processing steps may be needed before the data can be used by clinicians in their work. This study focused on the use of Bayesian models with different numbers of nodes to aid clinicians in breast cancer risk estimation. Methods: Bayesian networks (BNs) with a retrospectively collected dataset including mammographic details, risk factor exposure, and clinical findings was assessed for prediction of the probability of breast cancer in individual patients. Area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were used to evaluate discriminative performance. Result: A network incorporating selected features performed better (AUC = 0.94) than that incorporating all the features (AUC = 0.93). The results revealed no significant difference among 3 models regarding performance indices at the 5% significance level. Conclusion: BNs could effectively discriminate malignant from benign abnormalities and accurately predict the risk of breast cancer in individuals. Moreover, the overall performance of the 9-node BN was better, and due to the lower number of nodes it might be more readily be applied in clinical settings.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.133-143
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• 1997

This study measures the subjectivity of nursing students' experience in community fields through community nursing practice. The purpose of this study is as follows: 1) to find out typologies based on opinions and attitudes toward community nursing practice. 2) to describe the characteristic of each type. 3) to provide alternative strategies for solving community nursing practice problems. A Q-Methodological method was used for that purpose. As a research method, Q-statements were collected through indepth interviews and review of the current literature. For this study 34 Q-statements were selected. 24 nursing students were subjects for the research. The 24 nursing students sorted 34 Q-statements using the principle of Forced Normal Distribution. The principle of Forced Normal Distribution, which has nine scales to measure individual opinions, was called, a Q- Factor Analysis by using a PC Quanl Program to supply the material. According to the results of this study, there were three categories of opinion concerning community nursing practice. The first type is the realistic problem-oriented approach: the second type is the self-responsibility or pursuit of life meaning approach: the third type is the group approach for problem solving. As a result, we need to develop and revise a more realistic way of community nursing practice for nursing students. Finally, the result of this study will provide to the educational program alternative strategies for community nursing practice for nursing students.