• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.1296-1300
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• 2012

The feasibility of using Deinococcus showing strong resistance to both desiccation and ionizing radiation as a dose indicator of gamma radiation exposure was evaluated. Three Deinococcus strains having different levels of radiation resistance, Deinococcus radiodurans (DRD), Deinococcus radiopugnans (DRP), and the DRD pprI mutant (DRM), were selected to develop an appropriate dose indicator for a broad range of exposures. DRD, DRP, and DRM cultures with different numbers of cells [${\sim}10^7$ to $10^3$ colony forming units (CFU)/$100{\mu}l$] were lyophilized and subjected to various doses of gamma radiation to determine a critical dose that inhibited bacterial growth completely. Finally, a combination of DRD at ${\sim}10^7$ and ${\sim}10^6$ CFU, DRP at ${\sim}10^5$ CFU, and DRM at ${\sim}10^4$ CFU successfully indicated exposure to 5, 10, 20, and 30 kGy of gamma radiation, respectively. This study shows the possibility of developing a qualitative indicator of radiation exposure using Deinococcus.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.22-29
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• 2022

Background: A comprehensive, traceable, and easy-to-understand radiation risk indicator is desired for radiological protection. The early-onset hypothesis could be used for this purpose. Materials and Methods: An indicator for early death (IED) was developed and calculated using the epidemiological dataset from the 14^th Report of the Life Span Study (LSS) of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. By clarifying the calculation process, IED for all-cause mortality was estimated. In addition, the characteristics of IED for solid cancer mortality and cardiovascular mortality as well as those of men and women, and their dependence on age at exposure were investigated for detailed analysis. Results and Discussion: The IED for all-cause mortality was estimated to be approximately 4 years for an acute radiation exposure of 1 Gy regardless of the fitting dose range. The cumulative death rate for all solid cancers also indicated the early-death tendency (approximately 7-10 years at 1 Gy). Although, there is a slight difference in the characteristics of the risk obtained from the LSS study and this study, it is considered that the IED in a unit of years can also be used to show the overall picture of risk due to radiation exposure. Conclusion: We developed and calculated the indicator for early death, IED, for the cumulative mortality rate of all causes of death, all solid cancers, and circulatory diseases. The quantitative values of IED were estimated to be 4 years for all causes of death, 7-10 years for all solid cancers. IED has an advantage for intuitively understanding the meaning of radiation risk since it can be obtained by a simple and traceable method.

• 대한방사선치료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한방사선치료학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.19-22
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• 2005

방사선 종양학과에서 실시하고 있는 일일 정도관리 항목인 out put laser alignment, field size, SSD indicator 점검을 간편하고 정확하게 할 수 있도록 phantom 모양의 daily check device를 설계하고 제작하였다. 본 장치를 사용하여 4개월(2005. $2\~5$)월 동안 4대의 선형가속기 일일 정도관리에 사용한 곁과 측정과정이 편리하고 시간이 단축되어 일일점검의 효율성이 향상 되었고, 출력선량 측정은 각 장비별로 ${\pm}\;2\%$ 이내였으며 laser, field size, SSD indicator 는 ${\pm}\;1mm$ 이내의 범위에서 측정되었다. 일일 정도관리 기록을 기초로 하여 월간, 연간 정도관리의 객관적인 기초 자료로 활용할 수 있었다. 제작된 daily check device는 기존 상품화된 고가의 측정 장비를 대체 사용가능하게 함으로써 비용절감 효과가 기대되며, 향후 장치 재질의 견고성 및 가벼운 소재의 개발이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.87-94
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• 1995

Since March 1992, total 200 patients who visited our hospital as functional or organic lesions of central nervous system were treated by gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery for 27 months. Thirty-nine patients of total cases was diagnosed as cerebral arteriovenous malformation. The rate of magnification on X-ray film was reduced by cutting fixation adaptor from 1.0 to below 1.45 times. In order to treat the deep- and lateral-seated cerebral arteriovenous malformation, we slightly modified the angiographic indicator, the commercial Leksell system, by cutting each inner sides about 5mm, We performed the more distinction of the scales by adapting 0.5mm or 1mm copper filter to angiographic indicator. The center point of indicator(X=100mm, Y=100mm, Z=100mm) is corrected by adjusting scales of X-, Y-, Z-axis to each inner 100 and outer 100 point within 1-2mm by repeated exposure of X-ray on films in trial-and-errors. We have developed the 'GKANGIO' programed as the Fortran-77 in Microvax - 3100, which can save treatment planning time and perform accurate pretreatment planning using the theoretical target metrix center. The theoretical description of the simplified method is presented for the reduction of experimental and numerical errors in treatment planning of radiosurgery.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2015

모든 방사선 검사는 검사를 결정하고 실행하는 과정에서 정당성이 확보되어야하고 피폭선량과 영상의 화질에 대한 최적화가 이루어져야 할 뿐만 아니라 ALARA의 원칙에 따라 최소의 방사선을 사용하여 최적의 임상 정보를 얻을 수 있어야 한다. CT 검사는 방사선 검사 중에서 많은 피폭을 환자에게 조사하는 검사이다. 특히 방사선 민감도가 높은 소아 환자의 CT 검사 있어서는 특별한 주의가 필요하다. 임상에서 CT선량에 대한 정확한 이해와 정보는 환자에게 불필요한 방사선 피폭을 줄이고 안전한 검사를 제공하기 위해 절대적으로 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 여러 선행 연구의 고찰을 통하여 CT의 피폭선량에 대한 개념을 확인하고 CT장치의 선량 저감화를 위한 각 파라미터의 이해와 American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM)report 204에서 소개하고 있는 환자의 사이즈에 따른 피폭선량의 보정방법인 Size-Specific Dose Estimates(SSDE)와 XR 25의 개념을 이해하고자 한다.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2005

목 적 : 방사선 치료의 성적 향상과 안정성, 정확성을 위해 시행되고 있는 정도관리는 치료과정의 오류를 사전 점검하기 위해 무엇보다 우선되어야 할 항목이다. 최근 방사선 치료기술이 3차원적으로 다양화되면서 정도관리의 중요성이 증대되고 있으며, 일일 정도관리 시 업무능률 향상을 위하며 체계적이고 신속한 방법이 요구되었다. 이에 본원에서는 일일 점검항목을 동시에 확인할 수 있는 Device를 자체 제작하여 그 효율성을 평가해 보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 출력선량, laser alignment, field size, SSD indicator 점검을 한 번의 set up으로 시행할 수 있도록 device의 전면중앙 아크릴판 (가로 $30{\times}$ 세로 $30cm^2$)의 2 cm 깊이에 반도체 검출기를 삽입하였다. 상단에 $10{\times}10,\;20{\times}20cm^2$의 정방형 표시를 하여 field size를 확인할 수 있게 하였으며, 좌우 측면에 수직교차선이 표시되어있는 $30{\times}20cm^2$의 아크릴판을 부착하였다. 본 device를 4개월(2005. $2{\sim}5$월) 동안 본원에 설치되어 있는 4대의 선형가속기 일일 정도 관리에 사용하여 오차 점검의 편리성과 업무의 효율성에 관해 적용해 보았다. 결 과 : 측정과정이 간편하고 소요시간이 5분 정도로 기존($10{\sim}15$분)보다 단축되어 일일점검의 효율성이 향상되었고, 출력선량측정은 각 Energy별로 ${\pm}2%$이내였으며, laser, field size, SSD indicator는 ${\pm}1mm$이내의 범위에서 측정되었다. 결 론 : 일일 점검의 소요시간 단축으로 인하며 업무능률이 향상되었고 일일 정도관리 기록을 바탕으로 월간, 연간 정도 관리 기초 자료로써의 활용이 가능하였다. 또한 제작된 Daliy Check Device는 상품화된 고가의 측정 장비를 대체함으로써 비용절감 효과를 얻을 수 있었으며, 사용자의 편의 개선을 위한 장치 재질의 견고성 및 가벼운 소재의 개발이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.191-196
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• 2011

The economic scale of nuclear application is a good indicator to show how the radiation technology is useful and contribute to improve public welfare and living standard. Recent research in Japan shows that the economic scale of nuclear field was 4,112 B¥ for radiation application(46%) and 4,741 B¥ for nuclear energy (54%) playing a role of "two wheels of one cart" in nuclear field and the total 8,853 B¥ constitutes 1.8% of gross domestic products (GDP). The radiation application consisted of 2,295 B¥ (56%) in industry (semiconductor, sterilization, nondestructive testing, radiation processing of tires, etc.), 1,538 B¥ (37%) in medicine (therapy and diagnosis such as X-ray, nuclear medicine, computed tomography, etc.) and 279 B¥ (7%) in agriculture (mutation breeding, food irradiation, sterile insect technique, etc.). Radiation application by ${\gamma}$-ray, electron beam and ion beam is steadily increasing in Japan.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.31-34
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• 2005

The article is devoted to the study of some hi-and tricyclic derivatives of aziridine as materials lot newindicators of ionizing radiation. To create high sensitive materials some aspects of photo induced ring opening processes in aziridine derivatives in ethanol solutions and in polymeric matrix were studied and two steps character of the processes investigated was established. Two types of radioindicators were suggested and preliminary tested. The new way of synthesis of radiochromic derivatives of aziridine was developed and series of target compounds synthesized.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.42-49
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• 2015

Purpose: In order to keep the acceptable level of the radiation oncology linear accelerators, it is necessary to apply a reliable quality assurance (QA) program. Materials and Methods: The QA protocols, published by authoritative organizations, such as the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM), determine the quality control (QC) tests which should be performed on the medical linear accelerators and the threshold levels for each test. The purpose of this study is to increase the accuracy and precision of the selected QC tests in order to increase the quality of treatment and also increase the speed of the tests to convince the crowded centers to start a reliable QA program. A new method has been developed for two of the QC tests; optical distance indicator (ODI) QC test as a daily test and gantry angle QC test as a monthly test. This method uses an image processing approach utilizing the snapshots taken by the CCD camera to measure the source to surface distance (SSD) and gantry angle. Results: The new method of ODI QC test has an accuracy of 99.95% with a standard deviation of 0.061 cm and the new method for gantry angle QC has a precision of $0.43^{\circ}$. The automated proposed method which is used for both ODI and gantry angle QC tests, contains highly accurate and precise results which are objective and the human-caused errors have no effect on the results. Conclusion: The results show that they are in the acceptable range for both of the QC tests, according to AAPM task group 142.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.37-44
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• 1991

The combined effect of radiation and ultrasound has been studied in mouse embryos. Radiation and/or ultrasound were adminstered to ICR mice on day 8 of gestation. Intrauterine death, gross malformation, and fetal body weight were selected as indicators of effects. Does of whole-body ${\gamma}-irradiation$ were 0.5 to 2.5 Gy and those of ultrasound were $0.5\;W/cm^2$ to $3\;W/cm^2$. Intrautrine mortality increased with increasing radiation dose ; this trend was more remarkable in combination with ultrasound. Gross malformations such as exencephaly and anophthalmia/microphthalmia appeared frequently in the fetuses treated with both radiation and ultrasound. Decreased fetal weight was observed even in mice treated with 1.5 Gy of radiation or $1\;W/cm^2$ of ultrasound. There was a linear relationship between dose and reduction of fetal weight. The fetal weight was sensitive, precise and easy-to-handle indicator for the effects of growth retardation. Intrauterine mortality and frequencies of exencephaly and anophthalmia/microphthalmia were higher than the sum of those induced by radiation and by ultrasound. The results indicatied that the combined action of radiation and ultrasound on intrauterine death and malformations was synergistic.