• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2011

This study is to analyze the image similarity and the preference for clothing stores in the 6 giant discount chains in Daejeon. The survey for this study was based on the questionnaires accomplished by 257 people through the multidimensional scaling. The results are as follows First, 6 clothing stores had 4 image groups located in 4 coordinates. CW(Costco Wholesale), NH(Nonghyup Hanaro-Mart), and SZ(Save Zone) had a similar distinct image, while HP(Home Plus) and EM(E-Mart), and LM(Lotte-Malt) also had similar differentiated images. Second, according to the preference analysis in terms of demographic characteristic, NH had the lowest preference from the people of all the different ages, while SZ had the highest. HP, EM, CW, and LM had their own preference in the following order: in the thirties, forties, and over fifties. Meanwhile, relatively, SZ is preferred by the people in their twenties and people over age fifty liked CW more. Third, according to the analysis of the preference for clothing stores in the giant discount chains in terms of educational background, clothing consumers who had high school degrees preferred NH and LM, people with 2 year college degrees liked HP and EM more, while 4-year college graduates and people with higher education had preference for SZ. Finally, according to the preference analysis in terms of income level, higher income groups preferred SZ and CW and lower income groups liked LH and LM more, while HP and EM had high preference from all kinds of income groups.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This cross-sectional study assessed household food security status and determined its association with diet quality and weight status among indigenous women from the Mah Meri tribe in Peninsular Malaysia. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The Radimer/Cornell Hunger and Food Insecurity Instrument and the Malaysian Healthy Eating Index (HEI) were used to assess household food security status and diet quality, respectively. Information on socio-demographic characteristics and 24-hour dietary recall data were collected through face-to-face interview, and anthropometric measurements including weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) were obtained from 222 women. RESULTS: Majority of households (82.9%) experienced different levels of food insecurity: 29.3% household food insecurity, 23.4% individual food insecurity, and 30.2% fell into the child hunger group. The food-secure group had significantly fewer children and smaller household sizes than the food-insecure groups (P < 0.05). The mean household income, income per capita, and food expenditure significantly decreased as food insecurity worsened (P < 0.001). The food-secure group had significantly higher Malaysian HEI scores for grains and cereals (P < 0.01), as well as for meat, poultry, and eggs (P < 0.001), than the food-insecure groups. The child-hunger group had significantly higher fat (P < 0.05) and sodium (P < 0.001) scores than the food-secure and household food-insecure groups. Compared to the individual food-insecure and child-hunger groups, multivariate analysis of covariance showed that the food-secure group was significantly associated with a higher Malaysian HEI score while the household food-insecure group was significantly associated with a higher BMI after controlling for age (P < 0.025). CONCLUSIONS: The majority of indigenous households faced food insecurity. Food insecurity at the individual and child levels was associated with lower quality of diet, while food insecurity at the household level was associated with higher body weight. Therefore, a substantial effort by all stakeholders is warranted to improve food insecurity among poorer households. The results suggest a pressing need for nutritional interventions to improve dietary intake among low income households.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.111-130
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• 2001

Using the 1996 Expenditure Survey of Urban Famines from the Korea National Statistics Office, this study examines the economic status and the inequality of the elderly households. To explain the inequality of the single elderly households, this study divides the elderly into three groups of single, couple, and Living with admit children, and compares the total household income, total household expenditure and the net saving amount of these three groups. The results of Gini coefficients and Lorenz curries show that the inequality is higher in the single elderly household than couple elderly households or living with adult children elderly households. To investigate the reason of the inequality, this study compares the income, expenditure, and net saving amount by working condition of the household head in each three group. The result implies the need of employment to get household income especially for the single elderly who are in the higher inequality economic condition.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.99-116
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is, to analyze the relationship between level of clothing involvement and use of information sources. Data was obtained from 130 middle-elderly women living in Chonju, Iri. And it was analyzed by frequency, percent, mean, ANOVA, $\chi$2-testk. The results of this study were as follows : 1) Groups were divided into high and low involvement according to involvement level. 2) The higher was clothing involvement, the lower was age, the higher was education, and the more was income. 3) The higher was clothing involvement, the higher was use df information sources. Groups used mostly information sources by personal media or observation, experience. 4) The high income group used impersonal information source, the low income group used mostly personal information source.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.43-77
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• 2012

본 연구는 개인 근로소득의 결정요인을 초기 조건(학력, 성별, 연령 등)과 후기 조건(기타 요인)으로 구분하여 두 요인이 어떻게 소득분배 및 소득이동성에 영향을 미치는지를 실증적으로 분석한다. 한국노동패널 자료를 이용한 본 연구의 추정 결과에 의하면 첫째, 표본 전체의 소득분배는 1998~2008년 기간 동안 대체로 악화되었으나, 각 연령 집단 내에서는 소득분배가 특별한 추세를 나타내지 않는다. 둘째, 본 연구에서는 초기 조건과 후기 조건의 상대적 중요성으로 소득이동성을 정의하는데, 대부분의 연령 집단에서 초기 조건에 의한 소득격차가 감소함에 따라 소득이동성은 조금씩 상승한 것으로 나타난다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.25-36
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to estimate income-related health inequalities among adolescent population across regions in Korea. Methods: Data of 8,456 adolescents from 1998, 2001, 2005, 2007 Korean Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used for the analysis. True health status was proxied by self-rated health and overweight status. Per capita income was computed from household monthly average income adjusted by consumer price with base year 2005. Adolescent health inequalities were estimated by Concentration Index (CI) across income and space. Results: Ill health score was related with age (p<0.0001), gender (p=0.0155) and income (p<0.0001). Negative relationship between income and ill-health indicated that higher income group tended to enjoy better health and less overweight. These evidences suggested ill health were accumulated on the economically disadvantaged adolescents. The size of health inequalities (ill-health score) were estimated as CI=-0.057 and CI=-0.030 across income groups and regions, respectively. Comparable measures of within region health disparities were also observed. Conclusion: Since health disparity among adolescent population was small compared to adult population, lessening adolescent health inequality could be a helpful way of mitigating health disparities in later stage. Considering life stage of adolescents, school system and local communities could play important roles toward adolescent health distribution. Although health disparity between regions existed, health disparity within a region should not be neglected.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.10-26
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• 2019

This study is exploratory research on a relationship between changes in cultivated area of major crops and farm income by regions. We investigated level of income, volatility of income, and migration of suitable region by climate changes as factors influencing changes in cultivated area. Research processes are as follows. First, we classify the regions where cultivated areas are expanded or reduced through the trends of cultivated area by region and crop during recent 10 years. Second, we compare the changes in income related factors between groups during the same periods. Finally, the results from portfolio analysis show changes in stable income-based optimal crops. From these procedures, we found that the changes in cultivated area are not simply explained by income-related factors. In cases of vegetables, however, we also found that high volatility of income could contribute to reduce cultivated area of the crops. The results from portfolio analysis are not always consistent in all of cases. This means that crop selection can be decided by other factors than stable income.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.651-662
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• 2021

Background and objective: This study identifies whether children's planning-organizing executive function can be significantly classified and predicted by home environment quality and wealth factors. Methods: For empirical analysis, we used the data collected from the 10th Panel Study on Korean Children in 2017. Using machine learning tools such as support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF), we evaluated the accuracy of the model in which home environment factors classify and predict children's planning-organizing executive functions, and extract the relative importance of variables that determine these executive functions by income group. Results: First, SVM analysis shows that home environment quality and wealth factors show high accuracy in classification and prediction in all three groups. Second, RF analysis shows that estate had the highest predictive power in the high-income group, followed by income, asset, learning, reinforcement, and emotional environment. In the middle-income group, emotional environment showed the highest score, followed by estate, asset, reinforcement, and income. In the low-income group, estate showed the highest score, followed by income, asset, learning, reinforcement, and emotional environment. Conclusion: This study confirmed that home environment quality and wealth factors are significant factors in predicting children's planning-organizing executive functions.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1999

This study was to compare the income and financial assets of the Salary Earner and those of Self-Employed households. The data was drawn from the Korean Household Panel Study(KHPS) that was surveyed by Daewoo in 1995. The major findings were as follows: 1. All households were holding salary/business income, and the average of salary/business income of Salary earner household and Self-employed household were found to be 1,580,000 won and 2.050,000 won respectively. 2. Households were holding saving accounts most in both groups. 3. The yearly financial income, yearly immovable property income, and the yearly annuity income were correlated with yearly subsidiary income. The yearly financial income were correlated with the yearly annuity and yield from bonds. There were negative relationships between the yearly annuity and yield from bonds. The yearly miscellaneous income was correlated with the yearly yield from stock. There were negative relationships between the yield from stock and bonds in Salary-Earner households. 4. The yearly subsidiary income and yield from bonds were correlated with monthly business income. The yearly annuity and yearly total amounts of saving accounts were correlated with yearly subsidy income. The immovable property, the yearly yield from stock and bonds were correlated with the yearly financial income. The yearly yield from stock and bonds were correlated with the immovable property and the yearly annuity income. The yearly misellaneous and total amounts of saving accounts were correlated with the yearly yield from stock and bonds. The Yearly yield from stock was correlated with yield from bonds in Self-Employed households. (Koran J of Human Ecology 2(l) : 1-11, 1999)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.206-216
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• 2019

본 연구는 당뇨병 환자들의 소득수준에 따라 대사위험지표 관리수준을 비교하고, 최근 관리 추이를 관찰하여 궁극적으로 당뇨병 환자들의 합병증 예방 관련 전략을 마련할 수 있는 기초자료를 마련하기 위하여 1998 ~ 2014년 국민건강영양조사 자료를 분석하였다. 국민건강영양조사에 참여한 조사대상자 중 당뇨병 환자이면서 본인의 질환을 인지하고 있는 대상자들을 추출하였고, 가구소득정보를 이용하여 세 그룹으로 분류하여 분석하였다. 당뇨병 환자들의 기본정보, 생활습관정보, 영양소 섭취 정보, 혈액지표 등은 건강설문조사, 영양조사, 검진조사를 통해 수집되었다. 자료 분석은 변수 특성에 따라 카이검정, 일원분산분석 등을 실시하였고, 다중선형회귀분석을 이용하여 혈압 및 혈액지표의 보정평균을 산출하였다. 당뇨환자들의 공복혈당, HbA1c 및 혈중지질 농도의 평균은 소득수준에 따라 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 조사기간인 1998년부터 2014년간의 16년 동안 대사위험지표 변화 추이를 살펴본 결과, 모든 그룹에서 혈압의 유의미한 감소 추세를 보였다 (p < 0.001). 소득이 가장 높은 그룹에서는 공복혈당 (p = 0.004), 총 콜레스테롤 (p < 0.001), LDL-콜레스테롤 농도 (p = 0.01)가 유의하게 감소하는 추이를 보였고, HDL-콜레스테롤 농도 (p < 0.001)는 유의하게 증가하는 추이를 보였다. 저소득층에서는 공복혈당 (p = 0.02), 총 콜레스테롤 (p < 0.001), 중성지방 농도 (p = 0.003)가 시간 경과에 따라 유의적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 그러나 중간소득층에서는 혈압을 제외한 모든 대사 위험 인자에 유의적인 변화 추이가 발견되지 않았다. 결론적으로 당뇨병 환자의 소득수준에 따른 대사 위험 인자의 관리수준에는 차이가 없었다. 최근 16년의 관찰 기간 동안 소득이 가장 높은 그룹과 가장 낮은 그룹은 대사 위험 인자의 유의미한 개선 추이를 보였으나, 중간소득 그룹은 변화가 관찰되지 않았다. 본 연구는 당뇨병 환자들의 지표 관리에 대한 전략 마련과 효과적인 보건대책을 위한 기초자료로서 중요한 의미가 있다고 사료된다.