• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.1010-1019
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• 2021

유전에 매장된 석유는 1차, 2차, 그리고 3차에 걸쳐 회수된다. 3차 회수로 분류된 공법 중 미생물을 이용한 원유 회수증진법은 크게 in-situ와 ex-situ 공법으로 나눌 수 있다. In-situ 공법은 미생물을 저류층에 직접 투입하여 미생물의 대사활동을 통한 원유의 회수를 유도하는 공법이다. 대사물질 중 바이오 계면활성제는 저류층 잔존 유분의 유동화에 큰 역할을 한다. 한편, ex-situ 공법은 외부에서 미생물의 대사물질을 추출하여 저류층에 투입하여 원유를 회수하는 방법이다. 두 가지 공법 모두 친환경적이지만, 보다 경제적인 in-situ 공법이 선호된다. 미생물을 이용한 원유 회수증진법은 오랜기간 검토되었음에도, 현재까지도 파일럿 규모에서 여전히 평가가 진행 중이다. 본 논문에서는, in-situ 공법에 적용가능한 미생물 중 박테리아의 종 특성과 대사물질에 대해서 살펴보았다.

• 한국수의병리학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2002

A1celaphine herpesvirus 1 (AHV-1) is a causative agent of malignant catarrhal fever which is a fatal and a lymphoproliferative syndrome. AHV-1 is a gamma herpesvirus, which induces frequent latent infection and often difficult to detect its antigens or specific nucleic acids because of its low viral copies in the infected tissues. A new method, in situ PCR, is developed for the detection of AHV-1 nucleic acid in this study. Target sequences of AHV-1 open reading frame 50 gene were detected within AHV-1 infected MDBK cells. As compare with other molecular biological methods for the detection of AHV-1, in situ PCR was found to be more sensitive than in situ hybridization and to be less sensitive than nested PCR. However, nested PCR cannot afford to observe and differentiate AHV-1 infected cells. In situ PCR amplifies a target sequence within cells that can be visualized microscopically with increased sensitivity compared to detection by in situ hybridization. In situ PCR has wide applications for sensitive localization of low copy AHV-1 viral sequences within cells to investigate the role of viruses in a variety of clinical conditions and also provide the rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of AHV-1 infection.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.85-88
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 OLED 소자 및 패시베이션 박막을 하나의 시스템에서 동시에 제작하여 진행할 수 있는 in-situ passivation 클러스터 시스템을 개발하고 이러한 시스템을 이용하여 OLED 디스플레이 제작 및 특성을 연구함으로써 플렉시블 디스플레이에 적용할 수 있는 기술을 구현하였다. In-situ passivation을 이용한 OLED의 제작 및 특성 분석에 관하여 연구하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, In-situ 시스템으로 OLED 소자 제작 및 박막 패시베이션 가능한 시스템을 자체적으로 구축하였으며, 패시베이션 박막을 제작하여 그 특성을 평가한 결과 본 시스템의 응용 가능성을 제시할 수 있었다. 둘째, $SiO_2$, SiNx 무기 박막을 PECVD 방법으로 제작하여 OLED 패시베이션 박막으로 적용 가능성을 확인하였다. 본 연구결과, in-situ passivation 시스템의 적용 가능성을 확인할 수 있었고, 플렉시블 디스플레이에 적합한 패시베이션 방법으로서의 구현 가능성을 제시하였다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.431-438
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• 2022

기능성 소재연구에서 in situ 분석 기법은 외부 자극 (전기장, 자기장, 빛, 등) 또는 주변 환경 (온도, 습도, 압력, 등)과 같이 주어진 자극에 의해 소재의 물리적 특성이 어떻게 활성화/진화되는지 분석하는데 있어서 매우 중요하다. 특히, 전기장 인가에 따른 in situ X-선 회절(XRD) 실험은 다양한 강유전체, 압전체, 전왜 재료의 외부 전기장 인가에 따른 전기-기계적 반응의 기본 원리를 이해하기 위해 광범위하게 활용되었다. 본 튜토리얼 논문에서는 일반 실험실 규모의 XRD 장비를 이용하여 전기장 인가에 따른 in situ XRD 분석의 기본 원리/핵심 개념을 간략하게 소개한다. In situ XRD 측정법은 외부 전기장을 인가하여 구동되는 다양한 전기-기계 재료의 구조적 변형을 체계적으로 식별/모니터링하는 데 매우 유용할 것으로 기대한다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.351-362
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• 2002

Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious infection of poultry, Two pathology-based techniques, in situ RT-PCR and in situ hybridization (ISH) were applied to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from chickens naturally infected with velogenic ND virus (VNDV). Two pairs of primers and a probe for ISH and in situ RT-PCR, respectively, were selected from highly conserved region of matrix gene of NDV. The ISH experiment was carried out using MicroProbe$^{TM}$ capillary action system within 2 hours. In situ RT-PCR was performed using MicroProbe$^{TM}$ capillary action system and GeneAmp In Situ PCR system. With ISH and in situ RT-PCR, viral nucleic acid was detected in the central nervous system of chickens from infected with neurotropic velogenic Newcastle disease virus (NVNDV), whereas viral nucleic acid was detected in various organs or tissues of chickens from infected with viscerotropic velogenic Newcastle disease virus (VVNDV). In the NVND group, positive signals were characteristically defined in the cytoplasm of neuron, vascular endothelial cells, and perivascular mononuclear macrophages in the central nervous system. One of NVND group, chicken from one farm exhibited positive signals in the bronchial epithelium. The VVND group chickens showed positive reaction in the macrophages, vascular endothelium, and bronchiolar epithelium. Markedly, viral nucleic acid was detected in the macrophages of morphologically normal tissues which were peripheral or located in distant areas from lesions. The central nervous system of chickens infected with VVND virus had positive signals in the vascular endothelial cell, perivascular mononuclear macrophages and some neuron. The number and intensity of the positive cells by in situ RT-PCR were more and stronger, respectively, in comparison with those by ISH. Particularly, positive reaction was detected in macrophages infiltrating in cardiac muscle by in situ RT-PCR, but not obtained by ISH. Therefore, these results demonstrated that ISH is a rapid diagnostic method for detection of NDV and in situ RT-PCR can be used as an efficient method for detection of low viral load infection or subclinical viral infection of NDV.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.871-875
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• 2000

Effects of liquid crystal (LC) alignment using a in-situ photoalignment method by polarized UV exposure on a polyimide (PI) surface with medium side chain were studied. The generated pretilt angle in nematic(N) LC using a in-situ photoalignment method was smaller than that of a conventional photoalignment method for short UV exposure time. Also, the pretilt angle of NLC using a in-situ photoalignment method increases with increasing UV exposure time on the PI surfaces. Finally, the pretilt angle of NLC can be improved by annealing treatment.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.336-339
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• 2000

Effects of liquid crystal (LC) alignment using an in-situ photo-alignment method by linearly polarized UV exposure during imidization of polyirnide (PI) on the two kinds of PI surfaces with side chain were investigated. The generated pretilt angle in nematic (N) LC using an in-situ photo-alignment method was smaller than that of a conventional photo-alignment method for short UV exposure time. Also, the pretilt angle of the NLC using an in-situ photo-alignment method increases with increasing UV exposure time on the two kinds of the PI surfaces. Finally, the pretilt angle of NLC can be improved by annealing treatment.

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산학기술학회 2011년도 춘계학술논문집 1부
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• pp.155-157
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 In-situ 전기화학 AFM과 In-situ 전기화학 Raman을 주된 분석방법으로 리튬 이차전지의 흑연 음극과 PC계 전해질 계면에서의 반응을 이해하고자 하였다. In-situ 전기화학 AFM 분석방법을 통하여 PC계 전해질에서 용매화된 리튬의 삽입/탈리반응이 진행되는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며 In-situ 전기화학 Raman 분석방법을 이용하여 PC계 전해질에서는 삼원계 Li-GIC가 생성되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2016

Background: In situ gamma spectrometry has been used to measure environmental radiation, assumptions are usually made about the depth distribution of the radionuclides of interest in the soil. The main limitation of in situ gamma spectrometry lies in determining the depth distribution of radionuclides. The objective of this study is to develop a method for subsurface characterization by in situ measurement. Materials and Methods: The peak to valley method based on the ratio of counting rate between the photoelectric peak and Compton region was applied to identify the depth distribution. The peak to valley method could be applied to establish the relation between the spectrally derived coefficients (Q) with relaxation mass per unit area (${\beta}$) for various depth distribution in soil. The in situ measurement results were verified by MCNP simulation and calculated correlation equation. In order to compare the depth distributions and contamination levels in decommissioning KRR site, in situ measurement and sampling results were compared. Results and Discussion: The in situ measurement results and MCNP simulation results show a good correlation for laboratory measurement. The simulation relationship between Q and source burial for the source layers have exponential relationship for a variety depth distributions. We applied the peak to valley method to contaminated decommissioning KRR site to determine a depth distribution and initial activity without sampling. The observed results has a good correlation, relative error between in situ measurement with sampling result is around 7% for depth distribution and 4% for initial activity. Conclusion: In this study, the vertical activity distribution and initial activity of $^{137}Cs$ could be identifying directly through in situ measurement. Therefore, the peak to valley method demonstrated good potential for assessment of the residual radioactivity for site remediation in decommissioning and contaminated site.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.881-885
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• 1993

In the last few years there has been a resurgenceof interest in in-situ saphenous vein arterial bypass for lower extremity revascularization because of improved patency rates. we performed 1 in situ bypass oreration using the intraluminal valve-disruption tecnique. A 65-year-old female who had ztherosclerotic obstruction in the superficial and popliteal arteries underwent in situ saphenous vein arterial bypass. After harvesting of saphenous vein, we used LeMaitre retrograde valvulotome for valve-disruption technique. Completion of the arterrigraphy was performed to evaluate bothh the anastomoses. The two side brances were all ligated. In situ saphenous vein arterial bypass has become the procedure of choice for distal reconstruction in severely ischemic lower extremities because of improved long-term patency compared with reversed-saphenous vein bypass procedure.