• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.4 no.1_2
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• pp.1-10
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• 1989

Experiments were performed on mice to investigate the influences of doxycycine and ethanol on the immune responses. Doxycycline was injected intraperitoneally and ethanol was administered in the drinking water. Mice were sensitized and challenged with sheep red blood cells. Immune responses were evaluated by humoral immunity, cellular immunity, peripheral circulating white blood cell and phagocyte activity. Pathotoxicological influences were measured by serum protein and albumin. The weight of spleen, thymus and liver were measured. Doxycline and ethanol combined administration decreased the weight of thymus and spleen. Humoral and cellular immune response were reduced by doxycycline administration. Especially ethanol combined administration significantly reduced humoral and cellular immune response. Phagocyte activity was increased by ethanol combined administration and peripheral circulating white blood cell was significantly increased by ethanol adminstration. Ethanol combined administration decreased serum A/G ratio.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.4 no.1_2
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• pp.67-73
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• 1989

Recently pathotoxicological study of lymphoid organs by administration of some phthalate ester in rats, indicated marked effect of architechure of thymus, spleen, and lymphonodes. Dioctyl phthalate (DOP), one of the phthalate ester, caused statistically significant reduction in the weights of various lymphoid organs. This senstivity of the lymphoid organ to phthalate toxicity which could lead to adverse effects on the immune response and also suppression of immune system. Therfore it is possible the presense of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), one of the phthalate ester as well as DOP, in spleen and other organs might have some moderately effect on the function of the immune system, So our present study was proceeded to assess the effect of DEHP on the immunotoxicity in mouse. In the immune response of DEHP administered mice, HA, HY, Arthus reaction and Rosette forming cell were decreased but DTH was increased. Furthermore, in the DEHP plus ethanol group, HA, HY, Arthus reaction and Rosette forming cell were remarkably decreased and elevation of DTH was inhibited.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.144.2-145
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• 2001

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.78-79
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• 2003

Organophosphorus (OP) pesticides have largely replaced the use of organochlorine pesticides and have been widely used in agriculture and houses in recent years because of their rapid breakdown in water and their low environmental persistence. As a result, consumers are directly or indirectly exposed to organophosphorus pesticides through several food groups including meat, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, dried foods, and most processed food in which a significant amount of pesticide residues have been found.(omitted)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.155-155
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korea Environmental Mutagen Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.98-98
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• 2002

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.104.2-104.2
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• 2003

Cadmium is an environmental pollutant and exhibits nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and immunotoxicity. Recently, cadmium was found to induce DNA fragmentation, a biochemical hallmark of apoptosis, in cultured renal cells, hepatocytes and neuroblastoma cell. Therefore, the various toxicities of cadmium are thought to be caused by the induction of apoptosis. Lipids-derived pro-apoptotic ceramide has emerged as an important intracellular signaling molecule that mediates diverse cellular effects, of which programmed cell death, or apoptosis, has attracted significant interest. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.174.3-175
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• 2003

1-and 2-Bromopropane were reported as the causative agents for reproductive toxicity and immunotoxicity. The glutathione (GSH) metabolites resulting from in vitro treatment of 1- and 2-bromopropane were detected, identified and characterized. For the facile identification, expected GSH metabolites rormed by 1- and 2-bromopropane were chemically synthesized as reference materials (positive controls) and characterized by $^1H$-NMR, $^13C$-NMR, HPLC and LC/MS/MS. The treatment of GSH and S-9 fraction with 1- or 2-bromopropane at a physiological condition (pH 7.4, $37^\times$) for 1hr produced GSH metabolites, which were identified by UV, HPLC and ESI LC/MS/MS analyses. (omitted)

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.174-178
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• 1997

The immnunogenicity of the possible non-essential component of the combined vaccine (KGCC-957) for the prophylaxis against Japanese encephalitis and Hantaan virus infection recently developed by Korea Green Cross Corporation was investigated using the Hartley guinea pigs. The KGCC-95Vl was administered to the guinea pigs subcutaneously to sensitize the animals. The guinea pigs did not induce any anaphylactic immune responses which could be detectable by the active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA), the passive systemic anaphylaxis (PSA), and the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) tests. The KGCC-95Vl is considered not to induce any anaphylactic immune responses except the prophylatic immune effects of the vaccine.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2008

The present study was designed to explore the immunotoxic effects of orally administered aluminum (AI) on pregnant rats (n = 60) and their growing fetuses and consequently on the animal wealth. The animals were randomly allocated into three equal groups of 20 rats each. The first group has no treatment and kept as a control (G1). The second and third groups of pregnant rats were treated orally with aluminum chloride at 345 mg/Kg b.wt. The second group (G2) received the tested compound from the $6^{th}$ day of gestation to the end of weaning, whereas the third group (G3) received the tested compound from the $15^{th}$h day of gestation to the end of weaning. Control and treated animals (dams and offspring) were immunized ip with (0.5 ml) 20% sheep red blood cell (SRBC) suspension seven days before the end of experiments. At the end of exposure, ten dams and ten offspring from each group were used for assessment of cell-mediated immunity and a similar number of animals were sacrificed for evaluating the humoral immune response and serum protein profile. Aluminum chloride exposure of dams ($G_2&G_3$) caused significant suppression of both cell mediated and humoral immune responses in the obtained offsprings compared to the control group ($G_1$) without any significant effect on the immune responses of these dams. Moreover, the serum total globulins, albumin/ globulin (A/G) ratio and gamma globulin fraction were significantly decreased in the treated dam's offsprings compared to the corresponding controls while the serum total protein and all serum protein fractions showed non significant difference between the control and treated dams and between the two treated dam groups themselves. There were no histopathological changes observed in thymus, spleen and liver of the control and treated dams. Thymus of treated dam's offsprings (G2) showed lymphoid depletion in both cortex and medulla. Their spleens showed lymphoid depletion in the white pulps and congestion with hemosiderosis in the red pulps. Liver of treated dam's offsprings showed dilation and congestion of its central vein with degenerative changes in the hepatocytes. These histopathological changes were more severe in G2 than in G3 offsprings. It can be concluded that gestational and/ or lactation exposure of pregnant dams to AI chloride caused suppression of both cellular and humoral immune responses of their offsprings.