• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.100-105
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• 2008

We previously examined extracts, isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis (SB), chemical mediators, and IgE by mesenteric lymph node (MLN) lymphocytes in rats. The present study was to evaluate the effects of extracts of SB on the MLN lymphocytes function of mice given orally by 20 mg/kg for 2 weeks with dextran sulfate sodium (DS)-induced colitis. Results show that IgE levels in MLN lymphocytes was low, while IgA was high, in mice given SB compared to that fed water. Concentrations of $Inteferon-{\gamma}$ and interleukin (IL)-2 of T cells by concanavalin A treatment was significantly higher in the SB fed group than the normal group. Activation-induced IL-4 and IL-10 secretion was lower in SB fed mice compared control mice after DS-induced colitis. These results suggested that SB suppresses the inflammation in DS-induced colitis through the modulation of Th1/Th2 balance to down-regulate $Th_2$ response in MLN lymphocytes.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1065-1074
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• 2003

In order to evaluate the antiallergic effects of Kamiyukgunja-tang (KYGJT), studies were done. We measured the cytotoxic activity for lung fibroblast cell, cytokines transcript expression, production of INF-γ, IL-10, IL-4, GM-CSF, IL-1 β, TNF-α. IL-5 proliferation of B cell in anti-CD40mAb plus r1L-4 stimulated murine splenic B cells. The results were obtained as follows : 1. KYGJT was not showed cytotoxicity in the fibroblast lung cell. 2. KYGJT increased the gene synthesis of INF-γ, IL-10, GM-CSF(m-RNA). 3. KYGJT decreased the gene synthesis of IL-1β, IL-4, TNF-α, IL-5(m-RNA). 4. KYGJT decreased the appearance of TNF-α significantly. 5. KYGJT decreased the appearance of IgE significantly. 6. KYGJT decreased the proliferation of B cell significantly. 7. KYGJT decreased the appearance of Histamin Release Production significantly. The facts above prove that KYGJT is effective against the allergy. Thus. I think that we should study on this continuously

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.51-66
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• 2004

Objectives : To evaluate experimentally the clinical effect of Bojeongjeongcheon-tang, we observed the cytokines ($IL-1{\beta}$/TEX>, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-{\alpha},{\;}TGF-{\beta},{\;}IFN-{\gamma}$) and what effect they have on IgE in B cells of a rat. Methods : First of all, we extracted the spleens of healthy Balb/c mice and separated B cells from them. These B cells were cultured with anti-CD40 mAb (500 ng/ml), rmIL-4 (500 U/ml), Bojeongjeongcheon-tang (100 ug/ml, 10 ug/ml, 1 ug/ml). We used rmiL-10 (50 ng/ml) as a control group. Furthermore, we analyzed the expression of IgE, CD23, CD69 and the coherence of HRF in B cells using a flow cytometer. We also analyzed the cytokine gene expression in B cells by reverse transcriptase-PCR. We also measured B cells proliferation using the Liquid Scintillation Counter. Results : In this study, the Bojeongjeongcheon-tang treated group showed a tendency to decrease depending on the density compared with the control group in the expression of IgE+, CD23+, CD69, HRF. All of the Bojeongjeongcheon-tang treated group showed inhibitory effects with $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-4, IL-5 and proliferating effects with IL-6, IL-10, and $IFN-{\gamma}$ on cytokines transcript expression depending on the density. Meanwhile, $TNF-{\alpha}$ increased in all density. In IgE production, there was inhibitory effect on Bojeongjeongcheon-tang (both 100 ug/ml and 10 ug/ml) of significance (p < 0.01, p < 0.05). Also in B cell proliferation, the result revealed an inhibitory effect of Bojeongjeongcheon-tang (both 100 ug/ml and 10 ug/ml), of significance (p < 0.001, p < 0.01). Conclusions : This study shows that Bojeongjeongcheon-tang has an inhibitory effect on the production and activity of B cells. Also it inhibited CD23, IL-4 activity and IgE production and activation. It is obvious that Bojeongjeongcheon-tang treats asthma by inhibiting the production of histamine and HRF, IL-5 and proliferating IL-10. Also Bojeongjeongcheon-tang has some preventive effects on bronchial change by inhibiting $TGF-{\beta}$, which stimulates the bronchial transformation.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.55 no.8
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• pp.293-296
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• 2012

M$\acute{e}$n$\acute{e}$trier's disease is a rare form of acquired gastropathy characterized by giant rugal folds in the stomach and protein-losing gastropathy. Children with M$\acute{e}$n$\acute{e}$trier's disease tend to follow a benign self-limited course with symptoms typically completely resolving within 2 to 10 weeks in contrast to the chronic course in adults. A 9-year-old girl presented with a history of gradually worsening abdominal distension, increasing body weight, and abdominal pain for 2 weeks. Physical examination on admission indicated periorbital swelling, pitting edema in both the legs, and abdominal distension with mild diffuse tenderness and shifting dullness. Laboratory tests on admission showed hypoalbuminemia, hypoproteinemia, and peripheral eosinophilia. The test result for anti-cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin M was negative. Increased fecal alpha 1 anti-trypsin excretion was observed. Radiological findings showed massive ascites and pleural effusion in both the lungs. On gastroscopy, large gastric folds, erythema, erosion, and exudation were noted in the body and fundus of the stomach. Microscopic findings showed infiltration of eosinophils and neutrophils in the gastric mucosa. Her symptoms improved with conservative treatment from day 7 of hospitalization and resolved completely.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.82-87
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• 2008

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by chronic relapsing inflammation and is associated with hyper-production of immunoglobulin E (IgE). Recent studies have suggested that one of the treatments to alleviate symptoms of AD could be a supplementation of probiotics, Lactobacillus, Rhamnosus, Bifidus, etc. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of probiotics on immune parameters in NC/Nga mice treated with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitro-benzene (DNCB). To induce atopic dermatitis, DNCB was treated to the back of mice for 2 weeks. Then, NC/Nga mice were divided into the four experimental groups randomly. Probiotics fragment, probiotics with other complex (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12LbL, L. plantarum K8, L. plantarum K8 fragment, ${\gamma}$-linolenic acid), antihistamine, and distilled water were administrated orally to the NC/Nga mouse for 4 weeks of experimental period. The groups were probiotics fragment group (DPF), probiotics with other complex group (DPOC), antihistamine group (DAH) and distilled water group (DDW) as a control group. The levels of serum IgE, interlukin-4 (IL-4), interlukin-5 (IL-5), interferon-gamma (IFN-${\gamma}$) and spleenocyte IgE were measured. The levels of serum IgE were significantly different among the four experimental groups. Before the treatment, there was no differences among the groups. However, from the first through the third week of the treatments, the levels of serum IgE in the probiotics (DPF, DPOC) and antihistamine (DAH) groups were lower than those of control group (p < 0.05). The levels of serum IL-4 of DPOC group was significantly lower than that of control group (p < 0.05) and serum IL-5 levels of DPF, DPOC, and DAH groups were significantly lower than that of control group. The levels of serum IFN-${\gamma}$ were not different among the four experimental groups. The levels of serum IgE in supernatant of spleen lymphocytes were not significantly different among the groups. These results suggest that probiotics supplementation showed partial effectiveness in the DNCB treated NC/Nga mice via modulation of IgE level and IL-4, IL-5 production. Based on these findings, probiotics exhibited the inhibitory effect via IL-4 production thereby inhibited the production of IgE in atopic animal model NC/Nga mice.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.112-117
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• 2004

The performance of an immuno-analytical system can be assessed in terms of its analytical sensitivity, i.e., the detection limit of an analyte, which is determined by the amount of analyte molecules bound to the capture antibody that has been immobilized onto a solid surface. To increase the number of the binding complexes, we have investigated a site-directed immobilization of an antibody that has the ability to resolve a current problem associated with a random arrangement of the insolubilized immunoglobulin. The binding molecules were chemically reduced to produce thiol groups that were limited at the hinge region, and then, the reduced products were coupled to biotin. This biotinylated antibody was bound to a streptavidin-coated surface via the streptavidin-biotin reaction. This method can control the orientation of the antibody molecules present on a solid surface and also can significantly reduce the possibility of steric hindrance in the antigen-antibody reactions. In a two-site immunoassay, the introduction of the site-directly immobilized antibody as the capture enhanced the sensitivity of analyte detection approximately 10 times compared to that of the antibody randomly coupled to biotin. Such a novel approach would offer a protocol of antibody immobilization in order for the possibility of constructing a high performance immunochip.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.1252-1256
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• 2006

This study estimated the effects of parity (1-3) and stage of lactation (early, mid and late) on daily milk yield (DMY), somatic cell score (SCS), milk urea nitrogen (MUN), blood glucose, and immunoglobulin G (IgG), their heritabilities and genetic correlations between them in Holsteins (n = 200). Means and standard deviations of DMY, SCS, MUN, blood glucose, and IgG in the experimental herd were $23.35{\pm}7.75kg$, $3.81{\pm}2.00$, $13.99{\pm}5.68mg/dl$, $44.91{\pm}13.12mg/dl$, and $30.36{\pm}6.72mg/ml$, respectively. DMY was the lowest in first parity, and in late lactation. SCS increased with parity; however, it was lowest in mid-lactation. MUN was lowest in first parity, and no difference was noted across stage of lactation. Blood glucose was similar between parities, however the highest blood glucose was observed during mid lactation. IgG level was significantly different between first and second parity; however, stage of lactation did not affect its level. Heritability of DMY was 0.16. Its genetic correlations with SCS and with blood glucose were -0.67 and 0.98, respectively. Heritability of SCS was 0.15. Genetic correlations of SCS with MUN, glucose, and IgG were -0.72, -0.59, and 0.68, respectively. Heritability of MUN was estimated to be 0.39 and had a genetic correlation of -0.35 with IgG. Heritabilities of blood glucose and IgG were 0.21 and 0.33, respectively. This study suggested that MUN, blood glucose and IgG could be considered important traits in future dairy selection programs to improve milk yield and its quality with better animal health and welfare. However, further studies are necessary involving more records to clarify the relationship between metabolic and immunological traits with DMY and its quality.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.99-107
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• 2018

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated fibro-inflammatory disorder characterized by specific pathological findings and elevated serum IgG4 level. IgG4-RD in the stomach is rare, and occasionally diagnosed as gastric subepithelial tumor (SET) by endoscopy or computed tomography scan. Two female patients in the age group of 40-50 years were diagnosed with 4 cm sized gastric SET. One underwent laparoscopic gastric wedge resection. Another one had a history of subtotal gastrectomy for early gastric cancer and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura with oral steroids administration. She underwent a completion total gastrectomy with splenectomy for the gastric SET and ITP. The pathology showed storiform fibrosis, and IgG4 was positive in immunohistochemistry (IHC) stain. IgG4-RD is known as a medical disease that could be treated with oral steroids. The difficulty in preoperative diagnosis of the disease occasionally causes unnecessary gastric resection. Thus, preoperative diagnostic methods for IgG4-RD such as deep biopsy with IHC stain or magnetic resonance imaging are needed.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.753-759
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• 2008

The principal objective of this study was to develop the optimum oligonucleotide primers for the simple detection of Campylobacter in food samples. In order to achieve this goal, a variety of oligonucleotide primers were designed via the modification of 16S rDNA, ceuE and mapA sequences of Campylobacter. Through the subsequent analysis of the specificity and sensitivity of primers, two types of oligonucleotide primers, CB4 and CJ1, were selected for Campylobacter genus-specific and C. jejuni species-specific primers, respectively. The detection limit was found to be $10^0{\sim}10^1$ cells per reaction with the prepared cell suspension, however, the sensitivity in the meat samples was less, at $10^1{\sim}10^2$. We suggested that PCR inhibitors such as hemoglobin or immunoglobulin in pork or beef influenced.

• Journal of Korean Medical Science
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• v.33 no.50
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• pp.321.1-321.7
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• 2018

Background: Pertussis is highly contagious respiratory disease. Healthcare workers (HCWs) can be an important mediator of the disease. A seroprevalence of pertussis was investigated in HCWs to determine the immune status against pertussis and to detect the unidentified pertussis. Methods: This study was conducted for HCWs at a hospital located in Korea in 2011. After obtaining written informed consent for HCWs voluntarily participating in the study, 10 mL of blood was collected from each subject. Demographic and medical data were collected using questionnaire. Data on the underlying disease and vaccination history were reviewed again through medical records. The presence of anti-pertussis toxin (anti-PT) immunoglobulin G (IgG), and immunoglobulin A (IgA) was detected by quantitative analysis using a commercially available ELISA kit (EUROIMMUN, $L{\ddot{u}}beck$, Germany). Results: A total of 412 HCW participated in the study. Among them, 14 were excluded due to the inadequate sample amount or medical history not secured. Of the 398 HCWs analyzed, 16.6% (66/398) were men and the mean age was $33.82{\pm}9.10years$ (range, 21-67). The mean anti-PT IgG titer was $8.32{\pm}20.40IU/mL$ (range, 0.4-287.5 IU/mL). The overall seroprevalence (rate of anti-PT IgG antibody [Ab] titer > 5 IU/mL) was 33.7%. Three (0.8%) HCWs had the Ab level > 100 IU/mL indicated acute infection. There was no statistically significant difference in the seroprevalence and mean titer of anti-PT IgG Ab according to age group, type of occupation, patient-facing position, or working in the pediatric department. Conclusion: The seroprevalence of pertussis of the HCWs of a university hospital in Korea was low, and there were some unrecognized acute infections. Therefore, booster immunization of pertussis to HCWs should be actively considered.