• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.102-102
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• 2018

Protaetia Brevitarsis Seulensis(white grub) has been traditionally used as medicinal stuff to treat blood stasis, occlusion of menstruation, tetanus and liver cancer in Asian countries (Korea, Japan, China, Taiwan, India and Myanmar). Especially, Donguibogam, which is traditional korean medicinal book, described the white grub as traditional medicine to treat hepatic diseases and vascular disorders. The white grub has been considered as highly nutritional food. The major constituents of white grub are rich in protein, healthy fats, iron, calcium. Recent studies announced that white grub has hepatoprotective effect and anti-microbacterial effect. However, the immuno-enhancing effect of white grub extracts in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells has not been studied yet. In this study, the various concentrations of white grub extract were examined to find immuno-enhancing effects on RAW 264.7 cells. Cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay and immuno-enhancing effect of white grub extract was investigated by measuring nitric oxide (NO) production compared with only lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. White grub extracts (0.001 - 10 mg/ml) did not show cytotoxicity. Additionally, white grub extracts (0.001 - 1mg/ml) had Immuno-enhancing effect on RAW 264.7 cells compared with only LPS treated group. These results might be provided proof to develop beneficial immuno-enhancing material for human health.

• 한국식품저장유통학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품저장유통학회 2007년도 학술발표회
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• pp.27-31
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• 2007

This study relates to low and medium molecular weight isoflavone-${\beta}$-D-glucan produced by submerged liquid culture of Agaricus blazei, a method of producing the isoflavone-B-D-glucan using autolysis enzyme of Agaricus blazei mycelia, and use of the isoflavone-B-D-glucan for anti-cancer and immunoenhancing effect. In acordance with one aspect of the present study, it deals with a method of producing isoflavone-${\beta}$-D-glucan, which comprises the followings; 1) culturing and separating mushroom mycelia, 2) producing low-medium molecular weight isoflavone-${\beta}$-D-glucan from high molecular weight one. The cytotoxicity on human cnacer cell line (Caco-2, MCF-7), the expression of Cyclin D, Bcl-2, Bax protein, p21 protein, p53 protein in MCF-7 cells assessed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting, and other immuno related factors such as TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-1B activities were examined. Structural identification of isoflavone-${\beta}$-D-glucan which showed cytotoxicity against cancer cell and immunoenhancing effects was carried by separation with DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, TLC, HPLC, IR, NMR. Clinical test for the cancer patients (n=119) for 6 month was carried out, and immunoenhancing factors (NK. cell number, ratio of T4/T8) were checked. We concluded the identified isoflavone-${\beta}$-D-glucan has immuno enhancing effects and could be useful for cancer chemoprevention.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.281-288
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• 2011

Lactobacillus salivarius JWS 58 (JWS 58) and Lactobacillus plantarum JWS 1354 (JWS 1354) are isolated from duck intestine and have ability to produce bacteriocin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of JWS 58 and JWS 1354. The nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines (IL-$1{\beta}$ and TNF-${\alpha}$) were measured in C57BL/6 mouse peritoneal macrophages to determine immune enhancing effects of JWS 58 and JWS 1354. A Listeria (L.) monocytogenes challenge mice model was used to evaluate immune enhancement ability of JWS 58 and JWS 1354 in vivo. The results showed that JWS 58 and JWS 1354 increased the production of NO or cytokines by peritoneal macrophages and that oral administration of viable probiotic strains in mice elicited the immuno-modulatory effect upon L. monocytogenes challenge. JWS 1354 showed stronger immune enhancing effects than JWS 58. Collectively, this study demonstrated that Lactobacillus strain JWS 58 and JWS 1354 possess immune enhancing effect. Furthermore, two stains are expected to use feed supplement to prevent diseases by pathogenic bacteria through releasing bacteriocin and enhancing host immune responses in animal.

• 경락경혈학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한경락경혈학회 2006년도 제2회 대한약침학회 공동 학술대회
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• pp.137-137
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• 2006

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권12호
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• pp.1671-1676
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• 2012

9 종류의 종자 중 대식세포를 자극하여 NO 생성능이 높은 메밀, 민들레, 봉선화, 해바라기 4종의 종자를 선별하였다. 선별된 4종의 종자 추출물이 RAW 264.7 세포를 활성화시켜 면역을 증진시키는 효과를 알아보기 위해 RAW 264.7 세포와 T세포를 이용하여 면역 활성능 관련 지표를 조사하였다. 4종의 종자를 대식세포에 처리하였을 때 면역 활성의 지표가 되는 NO, cytokine(TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, IL-10)의 생성이 추출물을 처리하지 않은 대조군에 비해 증가되었고, Molt-4 세포에 처리하였을 때 대조군에 비해 세포가 증식되었다. 이와 같은 결과는 종자 추출물을 섭취하였을 때 외부로부터의 어떠한 자극이 있기 이전에 체내의 모든 조직에 분포하면서 1차적으로 이물질을 제거하는 대식세포를 자극하여 cytokine 등의 면역매개물질을 생성하여 인체의 비특이적 면역반응을 증가시킴으로써 항원을 공격, 제거하는 등의 작용을 통해 자연 면역반응에 있어 중요한 역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어업기술학회 2001년도 추계 수산관련학회 공동학술대회발표요지집
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• pp.151-152
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• 2001

Chitin, a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine ($\beta$-1,4 linked 2-acetamido-D-glucose), is a cellulose-like biopolymer present richly in the exoskeleton of crustaceans and in cell walls of fungi, insects and yeast. Chitosan is derived from chitin by deacetylation, to different degrees, in the presence of alkali. [l]. Recent studies for chitin and chitosan have been concentrated in bioactivities such as antitumor activity, immuno-enhancing effects, enhancing protective effects against infection with some pathogens in mice, and antimicrobial activeity [2]. (omitted)

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제11권sup1호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2008

Immunonutrition is the provision of specific nutrients that modulate the activity of the immune system. Several nutrients including arginine, glutamine, nucleotides, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and prebiotics can be provided to enhance immunity in critically ill patients. Supplying immunonutrition to critically-ill children, better prognosis and shortening of the hospital stay are expected from its immuno-modulating effects. Therefore, immune-enhancing enteral and parenteral formulas can be recommended in children with severe illness.

• 식품저장과 가공산업
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.11-13
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• 2007

This study relates to low and medium molecular weight isoflavone-${\beta}$-D-glucan produced by submerged liquid culture of Agaricus blazei, a method of producing the isoflavone-B-D-glucan using autolysis enzyme of Agaricus blazei mycelia, and use of the isoflavone-B-D-glucan for anti-cancer and immunoenhancing effect. In acordance with one aspect of the present study, it deals with a method of producing isoflavone-${\beta}$-D-glucan, which comprises the followings; 1) culturing and separating mushroom mycelia, 2) producing low-medium molecular weight isoflavone-${\beta}$-D-glucan from high molecular weight one. The cytotoxicity on human cnacer cell line (Caco-2, MCF-7), the expression of Cyclin D, Bcl-2, Bax protein, p21 protein, p53 protein in MCF-7 cells assessed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting, and other immuno related factor such as TNF-a and IL-1B activities were examined. Structural identification of isoflavone-${\beta}$-D-glucan which shoed cytotoxicity against cancer cell and immunoenhancing effects was carried by separation with DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, TLC, HPLC, IR, NMR, Clinical test for the cancer patients (n=119) for 6 month was carried out, and immunoenhancing factors(NK cell number, ratio of T4/T8) were checked. We concluded the identified isoflavone-${\beta}$-D-glucan has immuno enhancing effects and could be useful for cancer chemoprevention.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권11호
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• pp.1665-1673
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 홍삼의 면역력 증진에 기여하는 성분을 체계적으로 구명하기 위하여 홍삼분말을 에탄올, 물로 분획하면서 각 분획의 AFCs 형성능 및 Flow cytometery를 이용하여 비장 T 세포수, B 세포수, macrophage 수, $CD4^+$ 및 $CD8^+$ T 세포수를 측정하였다. 6년근 홍삼분말을 100% 에탄올로 추출하여 에탄올 분획과 1차 잔사(R1)를 얻었고, 면역활성이 우수한 1차 잔사(R1)를 물로 추출하여 물분획(W)과 2차 잔사(R2)를 얻었다. 6년근 홍삼분말의 산성 다당체, 진세노사이드 함량은 각각 4.94%, 1.56%이며, 에탄올 분획의 산성 다당체, 진세노사이드 함량은 각각 0.11%, 6.99%, 1차 잔사의 산성 다당체, 진세노사이드 함량은 각각 4.93%, 0.40%였다. 6년근 홍삼분말과 1차 분획에 대한 AFCs 형성능 측정 결과 산성 다당체 함량이 높은 1차 잔사가 가장 우수하였다. 면역활성이 우수한 1차 잔사를 물 추출하여 2차 분획을 얻었으며, 2차 분획의 AFCs 형성능을 측정한 결과 물분획이 가장 우수하였다. 물분획의 산성 다당체, 총 사포닌 함량은 각각 7.46%, 0.61%이며, 다른 분획에 비해 산성 다당체 함량이 가장 높았다. 면역활성이 가장 우수한 물분획을 용량에 따른 비장 세포아형을 분석한 결과 cyclophosphamide 투여에 의해 감소된 비장 총 세포수, T 세포수, B 세포수, macrophage 세포수, $CD4^+$ 및 $CD8^+$ T 세포수가 용량 의존적으로 유의성 있게 증가하였다. 이상의 결과로부터 홍삼의 면역 증진을 나타내는 성분은 사포닌보다는 다당체 함량이 높은 비사포닌계가 활성을 나타낼 것으로 제시되었다. 앞으로 단계별로 분획을 제조하여 면역활성 기능 성분으로서 다당체에 대한 구조를 구명하고 구조에 따른 면역활성 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.719-726
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• 2011

Pediococcus pentosaceus JWS 939 (JWS 939) is a nonpathogenic bacteriocin-producing probiotic isolated from the duck intestine. This study assessed the immunomodulatory effects of JWS 939 and compared them with those of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), a well-known immune enhancer. The immune-enhancing effects of JWS 939 were measured by measuring the production of nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines in C57BL/6 mouse peritoneal macrophages. In addition, to assess the immune enhancement abilities of JWS 939, in vivo, a Listeria monocytogenes challenge mice model was used. The results showed that heat-killed JWS 939 induced more NO and interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$ production in mouse peritoneal macrophages than in LGG, and that oral administration of viable JWS 939 in mice increased more NO, IL-$1{\beta}$, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ level than in LGG in serum upon L. monocytogenes challenge. In addition, mice fed with JWS 939 had a longer survival time after lethal challenge with L. monocytogenes, and these effects were stronger than those induced by LGG. Collectively, P. pentosaceus JWS 939 is a remarkable strain that, by releasing bacteriocin and enhancing host immune responses, may have potential as a duck feed additive to suppress pathogens.