• International Journal of Oral Biology
• /
• 제40권2호
• /
• pp.71-77
• /
• 2015

The activation of glial cells in the spinal cord has been contribute to the initiation and maintenance of pain facilitation induced by peripheral inflammation and nerve injury. The present study investigated effects of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A), injected subcutaneously or intracisternally, on the expression of microglia and astrocytes in rats. Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammation was employed as an orofacial chronic inflammatory pain model. A subcutaneous injection of $40{\mu}L$ CFA into the vibrissa pad was performed under 3% isoflurane anesthesia in SD rats. Immunohistochemical analysis for changes in Iba1 (a microglia marker) and GFAP (an astrocyte marker), were performed 5 days after CFA injection. Subcutaneous injection of CFA produced increases in Iba1 and GFAP expression, in the ipsilateral superficial lamia I and II in the medullary dorsal horn of rats. Subcutaneous treatment with BoNT-A attenuated the up-regulation of Iba1 and GFAP expressions induced by CFA injection. Moreover, intracisternal injection of BoNT-A also attenuated the up-regulated Iba1 and GFAP expressions. These results suggest that the anti-nociceptive action of BoNT-A is mediated by modulation activation of glial cells, including microglia and astrocyte.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.175-180
• /
• 2015

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the reliability of the identification of anatomical landmarks in panoramic and lateral cephalometric radiographs on a standard medical grade picture archiving communication system (PACS) monitor and a tablet computer (iPad 5). Materials and Methods: A total of 1000 radiographs, including 500 panoramic and 500 lateral cephalometric radiographs, were retrieved from the de-identified dataset of the archive of the Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology of the University Of Connecticut School Of Dental Medicine. Major radiographic anatomical landmarks were independently reviewed by two examiners on both displays. The examiners initially reviewed ten panoramic and ten lateral cephalometric radiographs using each imaging system, in order to verify interoperator agreement in landmark identification. The images were scored on a four-point scale reflecting the diagnostic image quality and exposure level of the images. Results: Statistical analysis showed no significant difference between the two displays regarding the visibility and clarity of the landmarks in either the panoramic or cephalometric radiographs. Conclusion: Tablet computers can reliably show anatomical landmarks in panoramic and lateral cephalometric radiographs.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국추진공학회 2017년도 제48회 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.26-29
• /
• 2017

한국형발사체를 독자개발하기 위한 연구개발이 한국항공우주연구원을 중심으로 2010년 이후 수행 중에 있다. 발사대 장비 중 발사체고정장치는 발사체를 발사패드 위에 수직으로 기립시킨 후 발사체 하부를 고정하여 풍하중 등 외부 하중으로부터 발사체를 견고하게 고정하는 장치로, 발사체 1단 엔진 점화 후 발생된 추력이 발사체의 이륙중량을 초과되어 이륙이 시작하는 발사초기에 다른 지상장비들과 마찬가지로 발사체 이륙에 간섭이 되지 않도록 고정장치를 빠르게 해제 하여야 한다. 파이로밸브는 발사체고정장치를 구성하는 핵심 구성품의 하나로 발사체 단분리 장치 및 위성 분리장치 등에도 적용하는 유사기능부품으로 높은 신뢰도과 빠른 응답특성을 가져야 한다. 본 논문내용을 통해 발사체고정장치용 파이로밸브 개발과정과 한국형발사체에 대한 전반적인 이해의 폭을 넓히고자 한다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.314-327
• /
• 2009

외나로도의 기상발사기준은 발사체의 발사의 성공을 좌우할 수 있는 중요한 요소이다. 발사의 실패는 특히 발사대를 이탈하는 때로부터의 초기시간대에 거의 집중되어 있기 때문에 이 시기의 기상조건이 매우 중요하다. 과거 발사 운용과정에서 발사기상기준은 예측자료와 기본 바람자료만을 국한해서 사용하였지만, 발사체는 수직비행을 하므로 국지적인 낙뢰의 유발을 일으킬 수 있어 낙뢰자료가 필수적이며, 로켓의 자세제어와 안정성을 위해 바람의 바람 전단(Shear), 그 외에 낙뢰, 온도, 시정의 연직 분포가 중요하게 된다. 현재 외나로도에서는 이러한 기상자료가 구축되는 초기단계이지만, 외나로도 주변 지역 기상자료를 이용하여 우주센터 주변의 발사기상기준을 수립하였다. 이러한 기상기준은 향후 외나로도 지역의 관측 자료 수집을 통한 지속적인 보완이 필요하다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.3742-3752
• /
• 2015

본 연구에서는 대학생들의 오가닉 의류제품에 대한 구매행동과 인지태도를 알아보고자 하였으며 오가닉 의류제품에 대한 구매경험 여부를 살펴보면 오가닉 의류제품 여성용품-생리대를 가장 많이 구입했으며 구매횟수에 대해서는 1회 구입이 가장 많았고 대학생의 구매이유는 '나의 건강을 위해'라는 대답이 가장 많았으며 비구매 이유는 '오가닉 의류제품에 대해 잘 몰라서'가 가장 많았다. 대학생들의 오가닉 의류제품 인지태도의 요인분석에서는 "고품질인지", "매력성", "건강효용성"등 3항목으로 나뉘었으며 오가닉 의류제품 구매경험 집단과 비구매집단의 오가닉 의류제품에 대한 인지태도의 차이는 "건강 효용성"에서 유의미한 차이를 보이고 있어 구매경험이 없는 집단보다 "건강효용성"이 높게 나타났다. 또한 조사대상자의 특성과 오가닉 의류제품에 대한 인지태도 차이에서는 성별, 연령, 관련전공 항목에서 "건강효용성"에서 유의한 차이를 보였으며 거주지역에서는 "고품질 인지성"과 "건강효용성"에서 유의한 차이를 보였다.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.1-23
• /
• 2012

The growing interest in smartphones has increased the number of studies conducted on technology acceptance and user satisfaction. It is now over two years since the launching of smartphones, but there are not many researches on the usage behavior of today's smartphone users. Smart devices have evolved from smartphone to smart pad and smart TV, but there are still not many studies on variables such as knowledge about the parent product and the ability to use it. With this, I decided to study how the motivation and the ability of using smartphones affected the smartphone user's intention to use smartpads. This study presents the usage behavior of smartphone users and proves that the ability to use a parent product (smartphone) affects the user's intention to use an extension product (smartpad). The research results showed that the smartphone usage ability affected both variety of use and rate of use. The convenience and passing time factors affected variety of use; and the social interaction, entertainment and passing time factors affected rate of use. As for the intention to use smartpads, the smartphone usage ability and variety of use positively affected the smartphone user's intention to use smartpads. This study showed that the more the user used a smartphone to pass time and for convenience, the more effectively the user could use various functions. It proves that the variety of use of smartphone is highly related to the acceptance of smartpads. This study also proves that usage ability is an important factor in using innovative products, such as smart devices.

• 한국염색가공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국염색가공학회 2011년도 제45차 학술발표회
• /
• pp.32-32
• /
• 2011

Cold Pad batch(CPB)처리에 의한 직물 전처리 공정은 특히 저온처리방식이라 에너지 소모가 적으며, 발생되는 대기오염 및 용수사용량이 연속식 방법에 비해 약 30%이상 절감되는 경제적 친환경적인 기술로 특히 정련과 표백을 동시에 수행할 수 있다. CPB 전처리는 호발, 정련, 표백을 포함하는 공정으로 일욕으로 처리시 패딩, 수세, 와인딩 공정을 단축시키기 때문에 약품 소비량 감소와 에너지 사용 절감 효과가 있어 전 세계적으로 확산되고 있는 Green Technology이다. 본 연구에서는 CPB용 다기능성 일욕형 조제에 개발하기 위해 전처리시 정련, 표백성에 대한 연구를 진행하였다. 시료는 NP/C 교직물을 사용하였고, CPB 처리액은 원료 및 첨가용제를 여러 비율로 조합하여 조제를 formulation 하였다. 이를 사용하여 패딩, 배칭, 수세 및 건조하여 전처리를 하였다. 표백된 정도를 파악하기 위해 Macbeth Color Eye-3100을 사용하여 백도(whiteness(CIE))를 5회 평균값을 구하여 측정 하였다. 정련된 정도를 비교하기 위해 C.I.Reactive Red 238의 2g/l 용액을 사용하여 wicking test를 하였다. 1분간 흡수높이를 측정하여 정련성을 확인하였다. 각각의 첨가용제를 비교한 결과 isopropyl alcohol을 첨가 시 hexylene glycol, butyl diglycol를 첨가한 경우에 비해 높은 흡수높이를 나타내었다. isopropyl alcohol의 농도별 정련성을 알아보기 위해 0%, 5%, 10%의 농도로 처리하였다. 그 결과 isopropyl alcohol 첨가량이 많을수록 정련성이 증가하였다. 다기능성 일욕조제의 문제점인 알칼리 안정성 부족을 보완하기 위해 polyoxyethlylene tridecyl ether derivatieves(LAP300)의 인화물을 첨가하였다. LAP300의 첨가량이 증가할수록 정련성이 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 알칼리 안정성 및 타 성능(정련성, 백도, 킬레이트 성)을 종합적으로 평가하여 향후, CPB용 다기능성 일욕형 조제의 개발에 대한 연구를 진행할 계획이다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.2-15
• /
• 2022

Objectives: Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) tend to be noisy and violate rules with their disruptive behaviors, resulting in greater difficulties with off-task behaviors and being at risk for social refusal. The visual activity schedule (VAS) intervention program is a frequently used method to teach multiple skills involving on-task, use of schedules, transition behaviors, social initiation, independent play skills, classroom skills, and academic skills. The current systematic review aimed to examine the efficacy of using VAS intervention in reducing problem behaviors in children with ADHD between 5 and 12 years of age. Methods: Systematic searches were conducted using two electronic databases (PubMed and Scopus) to identify relevant studies published in English between 2010 and 2020. Four studies met the inclusion criteria: two studies examined the effect of schedule-based tasks and the use of an iPad on classroom skills, while the other two examined randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of psychosocial treatment for ADHD inattentive type and a cross-sectional study examined the impact of the group size on task behavior and work productivity in children with ADHD. Results: The findings indicate that the interventions used in all four studies could lead to increased satisfaction among participants and parents, as well as a reduction in problem behavior. In terms of the research indicators, the RCT had low quality, while the others were of high quality. Conclusion: A larger number of studies and the ADHD clinical population would help to increase the generalizability of future reviews of treatments in this context.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제35권6호
• /
• pp.177-184
• /
• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the concurrent validity and test-retest reliability of 'KPIMT Torticollis Protractor', a smart phone and I-pad application for convenient range of motion measurement, and 'Image J', an analysis software with high reliability and validity, according to head tilt and active cervical rotation angle. This was done to determine the clinical utility of 'KPIMT Torticollis Protractor'. Methods: Head tilt and active cervical spine rotation angles of 40 children with congenital muscular torticollis were measured using Image J and KPIMT Torticollis Protractor, respectively. The level of concurrent validity and inter-rater and intra-rater reliability between the two measurement methods were analyzed. Results: For forty participants, the concurrent validity between Image J and KPIMT Torticollis Protractor showed very high validity with ICC of ICC 0.977 (0.995-0.999), 0.994 (0.994-0.998), CV_ME% 0.71-0.72%, SEM% 0.31-0.34%, MDC% 0.86-0.94%. The test-retest intra-rater reliability showed very high reliability ICC 0.911 (0.911-0.966), CV_ME% 0.71%, SEM% 0.34-0.36%, MDC% 0.81-0.94%. The test-retest inter-rater showed very high reliability ICC 0.936 (0.933-0.957), CV_ME% 0.70%, SEM% 0.34-0.35%, MDC% 0.81-0.83%. Conclusion: The KPIMT Torticollis Protractor, a smart phone and IPD application, is a highly reliable and valid device for angle measurement in children with congenital myotonia and can be easily used in clinical practice.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.261-270
• /
• 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antitumor activities of Typhae pollen (TP) by confirming in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo anti-tumor and immune-modulatory effect with anti-cachexia effect. The MTT assay is used in HepG2 cell to detect potential cytotoxic activities of aqueous extract of Typhae pollen (TPe). After HepG2 tumor cell implantation, eight mice per groups were assigned to six groups. Three different dosages of TPe (500, 250 and 125 mg/kg) were orally administered in the amount of $10m{\ell}/kg$ and sorafenib also administered 20mg/kg, every day for 35 days from 28 days after the tumor cell implantation. We observed the changes on body weights, tumor volume and weights, lymphatic organ, serum interferon $(IFN)-{\gamma}$ levels, splenocytes and peritoneal NK cell activity, splenic tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$, interleukin $(IL)-1{\beta}$, IL-10 contents. Periovarian fat weights, serum IL-6 levels, thicknesses of deposited periovarian adipose tissue and mean diameters were also detected to monitor the tumor-related anticachexic effects. In tumor masses, the immunoreactivities of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (cleaved PARP) - apoptotic marks, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$ were additionally observed by immunohistochemistry. The results were compared with sorafenib. Decreases of COX-2 were demonstrated in sorafenib and TPe treated mice and also increases of iNOS in tumor masses were observed in TPe, not in sorafenib. TPe increased periovarian fat pad weights compared with tumor-bearing controls and sorafenib treated mice. TPe showed increases of splenic $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-10 and $IL-1{\beta}$, serum $IFN-{\gamma}$ and NK cell activities corresponding to increases of spleen weights, lymph node weights and non-atrophic changes of lymph nodes. Our results show oral treatment of TPe 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg has potent in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities through modest cytotoxic effects, immunomodulatory effects and apoptotic activities in HepG2 tumor cells. In addition, TPe can prevent cancer related cachexia.