• The Korean Journal of Physiology
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.85-96
• /
• 1996

Adenosine and its analogues are known to possess analgesic effects and to be involved in the opiate-induced antinociception as well. This study was designed to investigate the effects of three adenosine agonists, 5'- (N-cyclopropyl) -carboxamidoadenosine(CPCA), 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadeno-sine (NECA) and $N^6-cyclohexyladenosine$ (CHA) on the signal transmission in the spinal cord and also to elucidate mechanisms of their actions in the anesthetized cat. All the tested adenosine agonists(i.v,) exerted inhibitory effects on the responsiveness of the wide dynamic range (WDR) cells, the inhibitory action of CHA, an adenosine $A_1$ receptor agonist, $(80{\mu}g/Kg)$ being most weak. The intravenous CPCA, an adenosine $A_2$ receptor agonist, $(20{\mu}g\;/Kg)$ and NECA, nonspecific adenosine receptor agonist, $(20{\mu}g\;/Kg)$ inhibited the responses of WDR cells to pinch and C fiber stimulation more strongly than those to brush and A fiber stimulation. CPCA (i.v.) also suppressed the responses of WDR cells to thermal stimulus. And all the CPCA-induced inhibitions were caffeine-reversible. When CPCA was directly applied onto the spinal cord or intravenously administered into the spinal cat, on average, about three quarters of the CPCA-induced inhibitory effect was abolished. On the other hand, in the animal with spinal lesions in the ipsilateral dorsolateral area, the CPCA-induced inhibition was comparable to that observed in the spinal cats. In conclusion, this study shows that adenosine agonists strongly suppress the responses of WDR cells to pinch, C fiber stimulation and thermal stimuli mainly through the supraspinal adenosine $A_2-receptors$.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.17-24
• /
• 2005

본 연구는 임상 조건하에서 수정란이식의 효율성 증대를 위하여 수란우 측면의 산차, 체점수(BCS), 발정 발현과 유도, 황체 형태, 자궁 크기 및 자궁각 위치가 체외수정란이 이식된 수란우의 임신과 유산에 미치는 효과를 검토하였다. 미경산우의 임신율$(43.5\%)$이 경산우$(33.6\%)$에 비하여 유의하게 높았으나, 유산율$(12.6\;vs.\;7.5\%)$은 유사한 경향이었다. BCS에 따른 임신율은 차이가 없었으나 유산율은 BCS 3.0 미만군$(55.6\%)$이 $3.0\~3.9$군 $(10.8\%)$에 비하여 유의하게 높았다. 수란우의 발정 발현과 유도 방법, 황체 형태, 자궁 크기 및 자궁각 위치에 따른 임신율과 유산율은 유사한 경향이었다.

• 복식문화연구
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.597-611
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to propose a design method for one-piece dress patterns with high body fitness through an appearance evaluation of one-piece dress patterns with the application of the 3D Virtual Clothing System known as i-designer. Measures consisted of an optical illusion effect in visual imagery and mutual influence according to a change in the length and princess line, in a silhouette of a one-piece dress. The data was assessed by a t-test and a multi-way ANOVA and factor analysis using SPSS 17.0. The results were as follows; The design of the study pattern was done by modifying the ease of the bust circumference, ease of the abdominal circumference, ease of the hip circumference, the position of the side seam line, and the appearance of horizontality in the hem line, which received a low evaluation in appearance evaluations of a one-piece dress pattern. As a result of analyzing the visual image according to a change in the length and princess line, in the form of a silhouette of a one-piece dress, four factors were selected; the whole-body optical illusion factor, the upper-body optical illusion factor, the bust optical illusion factor, and the lower-body optical illusion factor. As a result of analyzing the effect of the interaction in the visual image according to the design variables, the influence of the main effect was found to be great in each factor. In the upper-body optical illusion factor, a significant difference was not noted in the two-way interaction between the length and the princess line. However, the influence on three-way interaction among the length, princess line, and silhouette was significant.

• 인문언어
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.93-127
• /
• 2002

This paper deals with a class of Middle English impersonal constructions that involve verbs of two-place argument structure. As is generally understood, the term 'impersonal' is notoriously murky, and after all those researches that have been performed in this area, quite a few issues still remain controversial. The issues we center around in the present study concern the following two. In the type of impersonal constructions we consider, the two arguments-Cause and Experiencer-are both expressed in oblique case, posing the problem of determining which of them functions as the grammatical subject. The issue, however. is not how an argument in oblique case can be taken as the subject: it is well blown that the so called 'dative subject Experiencer' already occurred in Old English. The real issue is why both of the arguments are syntactically realized as nonnominative. The other issue concerns the 3rd-person singular form of the verb. Here again, the crux of the problem may be blurred by the fact that impersonal construction is often defined as one in which the verb has 3rd-person singular form with no apparent nominative W controlling verb concord. But this definition is more nebulous than clear because the notion 'subjectless' is itself highly controversial. Thus, for an expression like me thinketh that-S, it may well be that the verb thinketh ('seems') is 3rd-person singular because the that-clause is the subject. What should be explained of the data brought up here is why the impersonal verb is 3rd-person singular when neither of the NPs associated with it is 3rd person or singular. I argue that we can account for our paradigm examples by looking upon them as 'mixed construction' in which semantic interpretation conflicts with syntactic parsing as a result of case syncretism and gradual establishment of SVO word order. This amounts to saying that the peculiarities of the construction originate with the confused use of impersonal verbs between the sense of 'give an impression' and that of 'receive and impression.'

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한용접접합학회 2001년도 춘계학술발표대회 개요집
• /
• pp.224-227
• /
• 2001

In this study, CT specimens were prepared hem ASTM SA516 which was used for pressure vessel plates for room and low temperature service. And we got the following characteristics from fatigue crack growth test carried out in the environment of room and low temperature at $25^{\circ}C$, -3$0^{\circ}C$, -6$0^{\circ}C$, -8$0^{\circ}C$, -l$0^{\circ}C$ and -l2$0^{\circ}C$ and in the range of stress ratio of 0.1, 0.3 by means of opening mode displacement. At the constant stress ratio, the threshold stress intensity factor range $\Delta K_{th}$ in the early stage of fatigue crack growth ( Region I ) and stress intensity factor range $\Delta$K in the stable of fatigue crack growth ( Region II) was increased in proportion to descend temperature. It assumed that the fatigue resistance characteristics and fracture strength at low temperature is considerable higher than that of room temperature in the early stage and stable of fatigue crack growth region. The straight line slope relation of logarithm da/dN - $\Delta$K in Region II, that is, the fatigue crack growth exponent m increased with descending temperature at the constant stress ratio. It assumed that the fatigue crack growth rate da/dN is rapid in proportion to descend temperature in Region H and the cryogenic-brittleness greatly affect a material with decreasing temperature.

• 복식
• /
• 제55권1호
• /
• pp.113-128
• /
• 2005

To find our own individuality, there must be an active study on jeogori which is an unexplored field. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to consider artistic beauty and predominance of jeogori and recognize it as a precious culture, and also encourage interest about traditions. The range of this study is ancient times to Chosun dynasty, and in this study which will be the first part, the range is till the era of the Three Kingdoms. The study about jeogori is based on mural paintings of Goguryeo burial mounds, clay dolls and remains during Shilla, Beakjae, and United-shilla era. The contents of this study is 1. research the origin of jeogori's detail structures and changes of the form, 2. analyze the form and structure of the jeogori in each era, and therefore 3. find the predominance of Goguryeo costume by considering functional and design aspects. Therefore the conclusion of this study about the era of the Three Kingdoms are First, jeogori of the three kingdom era were developed from ancient times caftan style which Korea, China and Japan wore all together. Second, the structure of the jeogori during the Three Kingdom are ryeongeum, gil, somae and seon. Third, there is a special line that starts from the neckline and ends at the hem line which should be called ryeongeum in my opinion. Forth, while researching Goguryeo murals there were both left and right sided open jeogori. therefore, I would like to set up a new theory that during the ancient times to Three Kingdom era, not did China's clothing effected the Korean costume but the costume in east asia shared their forms all together.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.113-136
• /
• 2000

Problems and improvemental measures for the historical inquiry of TV drama costumes and for the reproduction of them were investigated. For this study, the MBC historical drama 'The way of the Great King' started on march 24 in 1998 and ended on september 26 in 1998 was selected as the subject. The reasons why the drama was selected are as follows. First, the historical background was the time of King Young ＆ drama introduced various kinds of costumes Joungjo, which is the starting era of traditional costumes peculiar to Korea. Second, the based on the historical inquiry of that time. There is a limitation in the process of historical inquiry about the costumes of that time because we don't have enough research data such as relics, remains, references, literary works, pictures, etc. Although, in some cases, exact historical inquiry about the costumes were made, they could not be reproduced in the original forms due to several reasons: the absence of the materials of that time, structural changes including length and size for convenience of action, alterations of the manufacturing method for the reuse, addition of the gorgeous and various olors for the enhancement of image quality, variations in colors according to the actor's character, modulations of the structures and colors by the producer's intention, and the restraints in time and money for manufacturing. In view of these situations, it seems to be difficult for us to settle the problems occurring between the historical inquiry about the traditional costumes and the reproduction of them in drama. However, the costumes presented in historical drama have the meanings to provide informations of that time with TV audience. Therefore I think that it is necessary to narrow the gap between the historical inquiry of TV drama costumes and for the reproduction of hem, First, It should be restrained that each broadcasting stations show the costumes under the similar situations of the same age in different ways. Second, We need to unify the inquiry systems concerning historical drama costumes, In addition to this, it is also necessary for broadcasting stations to establish internet sites of traditional costumes for communication.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제44권7호
• /
• pp.368-374
• /
• 2007

CVD-SiC coating has been introduced as a protective layer in TRISO nuclear fuel particle of high temperature gas cooled reactor (HTGR) due to its excellent mechanical stability at high temperature. In order to prevent the failure of the TRISO particles, it is important to evaluate the fracture strength of the SiC coating layer. It is needed to develop a new simple characterization technique to evaluate the mechanical properties of the coating layer as a pre-irradiation step. In present work, direct strength measurement method with the specimen of hem i-spherical shell configuration was suggested. The indentation experiment on a hemisphere shell with a plate indenter was conducted. The fracture strength of the coating layer is related with the critical load for radial cracking of the shell. The finite element analysis was used to drive the semi-empirical equation for the strength measurement. The SiC hemispherical shells were successfully recovered from the section-grinding of TRISO coated particle and successive heat treatment in air. The strength of CVD-SiC coating layer was evaluated from the experimentally measured critical load during the indentation on SiC hemisphere shell. Weibull diagram of fracture strength was also constructed. This study suggested a new strength equation and experimental method to measure the fracture strength of CVD-SiC coating of TRISO coated fuel particles.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.40-44
• /
• 1981

답잡초 돌피 외 19종을 대상으로 병원균군, 접종방법 및 잡율의 생육시기를 달리하여 벼흰빛잎마름병의 기주범국 구명시험에서 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 나도겨풀, 강아지풀, 독새풀 등은 밀양 2003에 준한 이병성을 나타냈으며, 그 밖에 바랭이, 왕바램이 알방동산이, 너도방동산이, 바람하늘지기 등에서 이병성을 보였으나 광엽잡초에는 전혀 이병되지 않았다. 2. 생육초기에 이병성을 크게 보인 강아지풀, 나도겨풀, 독새풀은 생육전기간을 통해서 이병성이 컸으며, 균군간에는 제일군이 병원성이 다소 큰 것 같았다. 3. 접종방법별로는 유상접종인 핀 및 가위 접종이 무상접종의 분무접종보다 이병성이 켰다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.511-515
• /
• 1990

소에 있어서 효율적인 쌍자생산 방법을 검토하기 위하여 이분수정란의 이식, 저단위 FSH에 의한 다배란 유도후의 인공수정, 인공수정후의 수정란이식, 수정란 2개의 양측 및 단측 자각에의 이식 등의 방범을 적용하여 본 실험을 수행하였다. 각 실험군의 60일 수태율은 각각 34.8%, 65.0%(평균), 66.7%, 62.5%, 57.1%였으며 쌍태임신율은 8.7%, 15.0%(평균), 16.7%, 18.7%, 21.4%였다. 위의 결과에서 볼 때 저단위 FSH 투여법(Group B1)과 수정란 2개의 단측 자궁각 이식방법에 있어 쌍태율이 높게 나타나는 경향이 있었으나 실용적 측면에서는 낮은 수준이었다.