• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.4379-4385
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• 2012

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPC) for patients with gastric cancer and to compare effects between different regimens of IPC. Method: Randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of surgery plus intraperitoneal chemotherapy with surgery alone or comparing the efficacy between different regimens of intraperitoneal chemotherapy were searched for in Medline, Embase, Pubmed, the Cochrane Library and the Chinese BioMedical Disc and so on by two independent reviewers. After quality assessment and data extraction, data were pooled for meta-analysis using RevMan5.16 software. Tests of interaction were used to test for differences of effects among subgroups grouped according to different IPC regimens. Results: Fifteen RCTs with a total of 1713 patients with gastric cancer were included for quality assessment and data extraction. Ten studies were judged to be of fair quality and entered into meta-analysis. Hyperthermic intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HR=0.60, P<0.01), hyperthermic intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy plus postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HR=0.47, P<0.01) and normothermic intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HR=0.70, P=0.01) were associated with a significant improvement in overall survival. Tests of interaction showed that hyperthermia and additional postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy did not impact on its effect. Further analysis revealed that intraperitoneal chemotherapy remarkably decrease the rate of postoperative hepatic metastasis by 73% (OR=0.27, 95% CI=0.12 to 0.67, P<0.01). However, intraperitoneal chemotherapy increased risks of marrow depression (OR=5.74, P<0.01), fever (OR=3.67, P=0.02) and intra-abdominal abscess (OR=3.57, P<0.01). Conclusion: The present meta-analysis demonstrates that hyperthermic intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy and normothermic intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy should be recommended to treat patients with gastric cancer because of improvement in overall survival. However, it is noteworthy that intraperitoneal chemotherapy can increase the risks of marrow depression, intra-abdominal abscesses, and fever.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.77-89
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyse current status and treatment of the Korean medicine hospital after chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer. Methods: We investigated the medical records of 21 patients who admitted to Korean medicine hospital after chemotherapy in patients with breast cacner from March 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019. We searched medical records retrospectively and analyzed current status and treatment of Korean medicine hospital. Results: The average age of 21 participants was 52.81±8.38 years and 40s and 50s accounted for 85.6% of the total. After receiving chemotherapy, the average time to hospitalization was 1.87±3.13days and average hospital stay was 9.78±4.14 days. The subjects were classified as 28.6% of stage I, 52.4% of stage II, 9.5% of stage III, and 9.5% of stage IV. The analysis according to the presence of metastasis was 57.1% without metastasis, 33.3% with axillary lymph node metastasis, and 9.5% with distant metastasis. The main symptoms complained when hospitalized by 21 subjects were nausea (54.2%), fatigue (54.2%), and anorexia (50.8%) in over 50%, pantalgia (47.5%), and insomnia (47.5%), dizziness (44.1%), cold sweating (42.4%), lower extremity pain (40.7%), 37.5~37.9℃ fever (39.0%), headache (37.3%), hot flush (37.3%), pruritus (30.5%) are 30% or more. Korean medicine treatment was performed in 87.4% of all hospitalizations and Gwakhyangjunggi-san-gami was the most administered prescription. Extracts of Korean medicine was performed in 100.0% of all patients and Eunkyo-san was most administered extracts medicine. Acupuncture, moxibustion, and cupping treatments were performed in all 21 study subjects. Other treatments was performed at a frequency of hyperthermia (90.5%), lymph massage (23.8%), air compression therapy (23.8%), and Interference current therapy (19.0%) Conclusion: Korean traditional medicine can be used as a countermeasure for side effects after chemotherapy in breast cancer patients.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.79-82
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• 2010

A 1-year-old intact male Russian blue cat was admitted with a history of depression, partial anorexia, vomiting and dysuria. Through the blood analysis, ultrasonography and urinalysis, this cat was diagnosed as feline lower urinary tract disease with cystitis. Despite antibiotic therapy the cat showed stranguria and urinary catheterization were repeated several times. One week after, this patient appeared depression, hyperthermia and leukocytosis. Ultrasonography revealed a small amount of hypoechoic fluid around the right kidney and bacteria were found in the urine. The amount of the right subcapsular fluid was increased and bacteria were found in the fluid. On the excretory urography, leakage of contrast media were detected. The right kidney was surgically removed and suppurative fluid between the renal parenchyma and the thickened capsule was identified. After surgery, subcapsular abscess of the right kidney associated with pyelonephritis was confirmed histologically and this cat recovered without complications.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.599-605
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• 2016

Recently, photodynamic and photothermal therapies have received increasing attention as an effective cancer treatment. In this study, a gold nanorod (AuNR) colloidal solution was synthesized as a hyperthermia agent for photothermal therapy and also modified with photosensitizer (PS) for photodynamic therapy. PEG (polyethylene glycol) and FA (folic acid) ligand were also introduced into AuNR for the long circulation in human body and efficient targeting of cancer cells, respectively and AuNRs were modified with FA-PEG and poly-${\beta}$-benzyl-L-aspartate (PBLA) block copolymers through a 3,4-dihydroxy hydrocinnamic acid (HCA) linker. A series of AuNRs with various aspect ratios were synthesized by controlling the feeding ratio of $AgNO_3$. The physicochemical property and morphology of synthesized AuNR100 and FA-PEG-$P(Asp)_{50}$-HCA-AuNR100 were analyzed by UV-visible spectrophotometer, $^1H$ NMR, XPS measurements, TEM. The surface modified AuNR carrier with biocompatibility could be applied for the effective diagnosis as well tumor phototherapy.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.578-588
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• 2017

Background: Elevated testicular temperature disrupts spermatogenesis and causes infertility. In the present study, the protective effect of enzymatically biotransformed Panax ginseng Meyer by pectinase (GINST) against chronic intermittent heat stress-induced testicular damage in rats was investigated. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (4 wk old, 60-70 g) were divided into four groups: normal control (NC), heat-stress control (HC), heat-stress plus GINST-100 mg/kg (HG100), and heat-stress plus GINST-200 mg/kg (HG200) treatment groups. Each dose of GINST (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) was mixed separately with a regular pellet diet and was administered orally for 24 wk. For inducing heat stress, rats in the NC group were maintained at $25^{\circ}C$, whereas rats in the HC, HG100, and HG200 groups were exposed to $32{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ for 2 h daily for 6 mo. At week 25, the testes and serum from each animal were analyzed for various parameters. Results: Significant (p < 0.01) changes in the sperm kinematic values and blood chemistry panels were observed in the HC group. Furthermore, spermatogenesis-related molecules, sex hormone receptors, and selected antioxidant enzyme expression levels were also altered in the HC group compared to those in the NC group. GINST (HS100 and HS200) administration significantly (p < 0.05) restored these changes when compared with the HC group. For most of the parameters tested, the HG200 group exhibited potent effects compared with those exhibited by the HG100 group. Conclusion: GINST may be categorized as an important medicinal herb and a potential therapeutic for the treatment of male subfertility or infertility caused by hyperthermia.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.30 no.3 s.58
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• pp.643-664
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• 1997

This study is to provide evidence-based recommendations for the most-effective treatments of benign prostatic hyperplasia based on patient preference or clinical need, and to meta-analyze the Korean literatures for the development of BPH treatment guidelines. For these analyses, extensive literature searches (208 articles), with priority given to the Korean Journal of Urology, were conducted from 1960 to August, 1996. Meta-analysis, like all statistical analysis, has two main functions: data summarization (qualitative meta-analysis) and smoothing o. pattern recognition (quantitative meta-analysis). As well, critical reviews and syntheses with the mean and 90-percent confidence intervals for the likelihood were used to evaluate empirical evidence and significant outcomes of the BPH treatment literatures (106 articles). For this task, the Methodologic Panel for BPH Guidelines was composed of multidisciplinary experts in the field. The results of the study were summarized as follows: For all that watchful waiting is an appropriate treatment strategy for the majority of patients with prostatism, we couldn't find the Korean literatures which carried this article. The literatures on alpha-1-adrenergic receptor blockers provide no evidence to suggest that any one alpha blocker is more effective than another. The finasteride reduces the size of the prostate, on average, and leads to a small yet perceptible reduction in sysptoms. Of all treatment options, prostate surgery with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), transurethral incision of the prostate (TUIP), and so on, offers the best chance for symptom improvement. However, surgery also has the highest rates of significant complications. Therefore, surgery need not always be a treatment of last resort. Balloon dilation of the prostatic urethra is clearly less effective than surgery in relieving symptoms, but it is associated with fewer complications. Emerging technologies for treating BPH include lasers, coils, stents, thermal therapy and hyperthermia. Established technologies will also be reanalyzed as results of new trials are reported. Although this study has some limitations due to lacking for good quality literatures, ' it provides a cornerstone for our medical research. It represents the most current scientific knowledge regarding the clinical epidemiology including treatment of BPH. It will be revised and updated as needed.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the antibacterial effects of indocyanine green (ICG) and near-infrared diode lasers on multispecies biofilms. Multispecies biofilms of Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus casei and Candida albicans were treated with different irradiation time using photosensitizer ICG and 808 nm near-infrared diode laser. Colony forming unit (CFU) was measured, and qualitative evaluation of biofilm was performed with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Temperature measurement was conducted to evaluate photothermal effect. In the groups using ICG and diode laser, reduction in CFU was statistically significant, but the difference in antibacterial effect on L. casei and C. albicans with irradiation time was not significant, and similar results were confirmed with CLSM. Groups with ICG and diode laser showed higher temperature elevation than groups without ICG, and results of measured temperature were similar to the range of hyperthermia. In conclusion, ICG and near-infrared diode laser showed antibacterial effects on multispecies biofilms, but studies on protocol are necessary for clinical application.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.35-39
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• 2019

Oculo-cerebro-renal syndrome, known as Lowe syndrome, is an X-linked gene disorder characterized by congenital cataracts, brain abnormalities and renal dysfunction. Tooth crowding, taurodontism, delayed eruption in the permanent dentition and over-retained primary teeth with ectopic eruption of the permanent teeth have been reported as dental findings. Because of the high incidence of poor cooperation, patients with Lowe syndrome have difficulties in maintaining good oral hygiene, which may require dental treatment. We present a case of dental treatment for the uncooperative child with Lowe syndrome under general anesthesia. A 4-year-old, 11.2 kg boy with Lowe syndrome visited Seoul National University Dental Hospital for gingival swelling. The patient had multiple caries requiring dental treatment. Because of his past history of malignant hyperthermia during inhalation induction, anesthesia was induced and maintained with total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) after medical consultation. Dental restorative treatments were successfully performed and no complications were observed during and after the procedure. Safe and effective dental management of the patients with Lowe syndrome could be performed with the help of general anesthesia and careful monitoring.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.50-54
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• 2019

Muscular dystrophy (MD) is a heterogeneous group of inherited neuromuscular disorders, characterized by progressive muscle weakness. Severity of the disease ranges from mild to severe, and the disease is mostly caused by mutations in a number of genes. These genetic mutations cause lack of proteins which are essential for muscle cell stability. Muscle fibers are gradually replaced by fat and fibrous tissue. The muscles of the head and neck are affected in several types of MD that manifest as altered craniofacial morphology and dental malocclusion. A 3-year-10-month old, 15.0 kg boy with MD presented to Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea because of extensive carious teeth. A number of dental caries in primary dentition were identified during clinical oral examination. Due to dental anxiety and underlying systemic disease, general anesthesia was considered. General anesthesia was induced and maintained with intravenous anesthetics, propofol and remifentanil. Caries treatments - resin restoration, pulpectomy, zirconia crown restoration, stainless steel crown restoration - were performed. Under general anesthesia, successful dental procedure was done. Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) was performed instead of inhalation anesthesia in order to avoid risk of complications such as malignant hyperthermia and life-threatening rhabdomyolysis. With decreasing muscle function, plaque control becomes more difficult and leads to gingivitis. Especially, the open-mouth posture worsens gingivitis and can leads to malocclusions and problems in swallowing. Regular and periodic dental care is essential for maintaining oral health for patients with MD.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.65 no.2
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• pp.324-335
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• 2023

Korea, located in East Asia in the northern hemisphere, is experiencing severe climate changes. Specifically, the heat stress caused by global warming is negatively affecting the dairy sector, including milk production and reproductive performance, as the major dairy cattle Holstein-Friesian is particularly susceptible to heat stress. Here, we collected artificial insemination and pregnancy data of the Holstein and the Jersey cows from a dairy farm from 2014 to 2021 and analyzed the association between the conception rate and the temperature-humidity index, calculated using the data from the closest official weather station. As the temperature-humidity index threshold increased, the conception rate gradually decreased. However, this decrease was steeper in the Holstein breed than in the Jersey one at a temperature-humidity index threshold of 75. To evaluate the effects of heat stress on the oocyte quality, we examined the nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of Holstein (n = 158, obtained from six animals) and Jersey oocytes (n = 123, obtained from six animals), obtained by ovum pick-up. There were no differences in the nuclear maturation between the different conditions (heat stress: 40.5℃, non- heat stress: 37.5℃) or breeds, although the Holstein oocytes seemed to have a lower metaphase II development (p = 0.0521) after in vitro maturation under heat stress conditions. However, we found that the Holstein metaphase II oocytes exposed to heat stress presented more reactive oxygen species and a peripheral distribution of the mitochondria, compared to those of the Jersey cattle. Here, we show that weather information from local meteorological stations can be used to calculate the temperature-humidity index threshold at which heat stress influences the conception rate, and that the Jersey cows are more tolerant to heat stress in terms of their conception rate at a temperature-humidity index over 75. The lower fertility of the Holstein cows is likely attributed to impaired cytoplasmic maturation induced by heat stress. Thus, the Jersey cows can be a good breed for the sustainability of dairy farms for addressing climate changes in South Korea, as they are more resistant to hyperthermia.