• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.1 no.6
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• pp.749-758
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• 1997

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury is known to be mediated by reactive oxygen species. The myocardial cell is equipped with endogenous antioxidant defensive system which can be adaptively stimulated by various oxidative stress. It is postulated that an increased oxygen partial pressure induced by hyperbaric oxygenation impose an oxidative stress on the cells, resulting alterations in the endogenous antioxidant system. In this study we investigated the effect of hyperbaric oxygenation on the activities of myocardial antioxidant enzymes and observed whether the hyperbaric oxygenation could protect the ischemia-reperfusion injury of heart. Rats or rabbits were pretreated with hyperbaric $oxygenation(2{\sim}3\;atm\;O_2/1{\sim}3\;hrs/1{\sim}10\;days)$. The changes in activities of major antioxidant enzymes(superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phasphate dehydrogenase), functional recovery and infarct size were observed in the experimentally induced ischemia-reperfused hearts. In the hearts isolated from rats pretreated with $2\;atm\;O_2/1{\sim}2\;hrs$ for 5 days, the functional recovery after reperfusion(20 min) following global ischemia(25 min) was significantly increased without any observable oxygen toxicity. Lactate dehydrogenase release was also significantly reduced in this hyperbaric oxygenated rat hearts. In in vivo regional ischemia(30 min) model of rabbit hearts, pretreatrment with $2\;atm\;O_2/1\;hr$ for 5 days significantly limited the infarct size. Among the myocardial antioxidant enzymes of rat hearts pretreated with the hyperbaric oxygenation, the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase were increased, while those of glutathione peroxidase and reductase were not changed. There were lethal cases in the groups of rats exposed to 3 atm $3\;atm\;O_2/2{\sim}3\;hrs$ for 5 days. A lipid-peroxidation product, rnnlondialdehyde was increased in brains and livers of the rats exposed to$2\;atm\;O_2/2{\sim}3\;hrs/5\;days\;and\;3\;atm\;O_2/1\;hr/5days$. The present results suggest that the pretreatment of hyperbaric oxygenation can protect the post-ischemic rererfused hearts in association with a stimulation of the activities of myocardial antioxidant defensive enzymes, and that the hyperbaric oxygenation of $2\;atm\;O_2/1\;hr$for 5 days would be a safe condition which does not produce any oxygen toxicity.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.9-13
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• 1998

ln an attempt to define the effects of hyperbaric oxygen treatment on the lipid peroxidation and oxygen See radical reactions in rats exposed to carbon monoxide, we studied malondialdehyde(MDA) level and activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase in the heart of the rats exposed to carbon monoxide. Male Sprague-Dawley albino rats weighing 240 to 260gm were used. Experimental groups consist of Control group (=breathing with air), HBO group(=exposed to hyperbaric oxygen(HBO, 3ATA, 100%) after air breath), CO group(=exposed to CO(3,970 ppm) after air breath), CO-Air group(=exposed to CO after air breath followed by air breath) and CO-HBO group(=exposed to CO after ai. breath followed HBO treatment). The CO group showed significantly higher MDA level, catalase activity and SOD activity as compared to that of control group. The CO-HBO group showed significantly lower MDA level as compared to that of CO group, and did not show significantly lower catalase activity and SOD activity as compared to that of CO group. These results suggest that the excessive oxygen free radicals is an important determinant in pathogenesis of Co-induced cardiotoxicity and HBO inhibits the lipid peroxidation caused by excessive oxygen free radicals in the heart of the rats exposed to carbon monoxide.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.252-257
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• 2019

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is used to treat carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. However, untreated pneumothorax is an absolute contraindication for HBOT. More caution is needed with regard to monoplace hyperbaric chambers, as patient monitoring and life-saving procedures are impossible inside these chambers. Central catheterization is frequently used for various conditions, but unnecessary catheterization must be avoided because of the risk of infection and mechanical complications. Herein, we describe a case of CO poisoning in which iatrogenic pneumothorax developed after unnecessary subclavian central catheterization. The patient did not need to be catheterized, and HBOT could not be performed because of the pneumothorax. Hence, this case reminds us of basic-but nonetheless important-principles of catheterization.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.209-214
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• 2022

We describe a case of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOt) as an adjunct to treatment of a crush injury to the hand. A 34-year-old male paramedic was involved in a motor vehicle accident and admitted for diagnosis and surgical treatment. He sustained a crush injury to his right hand and presented with significant muscle damage, including multiple fractures and dislocations, an avulsion injury of the flexor tendons, and amputation of the distal phalanx of the little finger. He underwent reconstructive surgery and received HBOt over the following days. In the following 2 months, he lost the distal and middle phalanges of the little finger and recovered hand function. Posttraumatic compartment syndrome responds well to HBOt, which reduces edema and contributes to angiogenesis, as well as promoting the cascade of healing events. High-energy trauma causes massive cell destruction, and the blood supply is usually not sufficient to meet the oxygen demands of viable tissues. Hyperbaric oxygenation by diffusion through interstitial and cellular fluids increases tissue oxygenation to levels sufficient for the host's responses to injury to work and helps control the delayed inflammatory reaction. HBOt used as an adjunct to surgical treatment resulted in early healing and rehabilitation, accelerating functional recovery. The results suggest that adjunctive HBOt can be beneficial for the treatment of crush injuries of the hand, resulting in better functional outcomes and helping to avoid unnecessary amputations.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.23-28
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• 2011

Purpose: To investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on chronic low back pain in elderly patients with impaired functioning in daily life. Methods: 35 subjects with chronic low back pain were randomly allocated into two groups, HBOT group and Placebo group. We applied TENS and mechanical massage to the lower back in both groups. Then 35% oxygen at 1.4 ATA was given to the HBOT group and atmospheric oxygen at 1 ATA to the placebo group. Results: Comparing the HBOT group with the placebo group after performing interventions six times in 2 weeks, a statistically significant difference in the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores was observed between the two groups. There was a statistically significant difference in VAS and ODI scores (56% and 34.97% respectively) between the HBOT group and the placebo group. A statistically significant difference was ascertained in the degree of variables VAS and ODI in the HBOT group. Conclusion: Application of HBOT in chronic low back pain could be beneficial for reducing pain and could help in functional recovery.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.26 no.4 s.44
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• pp.551-564
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• 1993

Since the widespread application of hyperbaric oxygenation in clinical medicine, the problems of oxygen toxicity have been attracting a deep interest from the researchers on hyperbaric medicine as a practical issue. Among extensive research trials, the study on the protective agents oxygen toxicity occupied one of the most challenging field. As the mechanisms of oxygen toxicity, the role of the oxygen free radicals produced by peroxidation process are strongly accepted by the leading researchers on oxygen toxicity, the probable protective effects of antioxidant against oxygen toxicity are sustaining a sufficient rational. Maltol ($2-methyl-3-hydroxy-{\gamma}-pyrone$) which is known to be a component of Korean red ginseng has been reporting to have an antioxidant action. But, further study is needed to provide definite evidence for this compound to be an antioxidant, since the action was based on the results which were obtained under in vitro experiment. In this study, the author attempted to evaluate the effect of maltol as protective agent against oxygen toxicity through the observation of death rate, convulsion rate, time to convulsion and microscopic pathological changes in some organs of experimental rats exposed to various conditions. The findings observed are as follows : 1) The death rate, convulsion rate, time to convulsion, lung/weight ratio and microscopic pathological finding of lung were identified as reliable objective and quantitative indices for oxygen toxicity. 2) Maltol showed excellent protective effect against pulmonary oxygen toxicity as an antioxidant.

• Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.278-281
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• 2018

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is considered an ophthalmologic emergency. The prognosis of this disease is very poor. Currently, there is no generally effective therapy available to treat CRAO. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) can increase the volume of oxygen delivered to the ischemic retinal tissue until spontaneous or assisted reperfusion occurs. We report the case of a patient who experienced sudden visual loss due to CRAO that was treated with HBOT. The patient was an 81-year-old woman who presented with CRAO in her right eye (OD). She exhibited "hand motion" visual acuity before treatment. She underwent three sessions of HBOT at a pressure of 2.8 atmospheres absolute, performed over 3 days. After 4 days in hospital, her visual acuity improved to 0.4 (OD) for far vision and 0.5 (OD) for near vision. Her vision was stable without the supply of oxygen; therefore, she was discharged.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.14-26
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• 1990

This study was undertaken to observe the histopathologic changes of the extraction wounds of diabetic rats when exposed to hyperbaric oxygen. A total of 50 rats (Spraque-Dawley strain) were used, which were all induced with diabetes using streptozotocin before the experiment. The experimental group was exposed to hyperbaric oxygen at 2.5atm. for 2 hours a day during the experimental period. The obtained results were summarized as follows : 1. Severe infiltration of inflammatory cells was observed in the initial stages of both the control and experimental groups. The infiltration showed a decreasing tendency at 3rd week in the experimental group, while severe inflammatory infiltration observed in the control group during the entire experimental period. 2. There was abundant proliferation of capillary blood vessels at 1st week after extraction in the experimental group, while moderate capillary growth in the control group was observed at 1st week after extraction. 3. Osteoblastic activity was started at 1st week after extraction in the experimental group, but there showed markedly delayed appearance in the control group, which showed at 2nd week after extraction. 4. The proliferation of fibroblasts showed rather in the experimental group at 1st week, but it was moderate in the control group at 1st week, 2nd week and 3rd week. 5. Epithelialization of the extraction wound was started at 2 days after extraction and reached its peak at 3rd week in the experimental group, while control group seemed to be delayed and incompleted during the experiment. With regard to these results, hyperbaric oxygen therapy disclosed an effective results on the healing of the extraction wound in diabetic rats under exposure at 2.5 atm for 2 hours daily.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 1990

The main objectives of this study was to observe the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the healing processes of mandibular fracture of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Author used 60 rats (Sprague-Dawley Strain) deviding into control(30) and experimental groups(30). Complete fracture was produced on the left mandibular body of 60rats, rendered hyperbaric oxygen therapy (2 hrs. daily at 2.5 atm.) on experimental group and observed effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy by microscopically. The obtained results were as follows; 1. Infiltration of inflammatory cells was no significant differences between the control and experimental group until 3rd week, but experimental group showed decreasing tendency after 4th week. 2. Severe proliferation of fibroblasts showed rather rapider in experimental group, at 2nd week, while at 3rd week in control group. 3. Osteoclasts appeared at 1st week in experimental group while at 3rd week in control group, and experimental group showed early bone resorption pattern. 4. Osteoblasts appeared at 1st week in experimental group while at 3rd week in control group, and experimental group showed prominent osteoblastic activity. 5. Moderate proliferation of capillary blood vessels showed in initial stage of experimental group while mild proliferation at 1-2nd week in control group. 6. Formation of cartilaginous callus showed at 4th week in experimental group, while at 6th week in control group. 7. Formation of bony callus showed mildly at 5th week, and moderately at 6th week in experimental group, while no appearance in control group, but complete bony union was not observed even in experimental group throughout this experiment.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.244-253
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to characterize the healing in the grafted calvarial defects of rats after adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Methods: Twenty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats (body weight, 250-300 g) were randomly divided into two treatment groups: with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO; n=14) and without HBO (NHBO; n=14). Each group was further subdivided according to the bone substitute applied: biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; n=7) and surface-modified BCP (mBCP; n=7). The mBCP comprised BCP coated with Escherichia-coli-derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (ErhBMP-2) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Two symmetrical circular defects (6-mm diameter) were created in the right and left parietal bones of each animal. One defect was assigned as a control defect and received no bone substitute, while the other defect was filled with either BCP or mBCP. The animals were allowed to heal for 4 weeks, during which those in the HBO group underwent 5 sessions of HBO. At 4 weeks, the animals were sacrificed, and the defects were harvested for histologic and histomorphometric analysis. Results: Well-maintained space was found in the grafted groups. Woven bone connected to and away from the defect margin was formed. More angiogenesis was found with HBO and EGCG/BMP-2 (P<0.05). None of the defects achieved complete defect closure. Increased new bone formation with HBO or EGCG/BMP-2 was evident in histologic evaluation, but it did not reach statistical significance in histometric analysis. A synergic effect between HBO and EGCG/BMP-2 was not found. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, the present findings indicate that adjunctive HBO and EGCG/BMP-2 could be beneficial for new bone formation in rat calvarial defects.