• 교육녹색환경연구
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.44-57
• /
• 2019

'비전제로(Vision Zero)'는 급증하는 교통사고에 대한 근본적 대응방안으로 20세기 후반 스웨덴에서 처음 도입되어 전 세계적으로 확산되고 있다. 합리적 인간을 전제로 하는 기존 교통안전정책을 비판하고, 인간은 실수할 수 있다는 가능성에 초점을 두는 정책이 되어야 한다는 관점을 제시하고 있다. 인간의 생명과 건강은 어떠한 다른 사회적 이익들과 바꿀 수 없다는 윤리적 비전하에 경미한 위험은 허용하는 한편 교통사고 사망·중상자를 '제로(zero)'화 하는 것을 정책과제로 표방하고 있다. 정부는 개인의 생명보호를 위해 개인이 실수를 하여도 결코 치명적 사고로 연결되지 않는 환경을 설계해야 한다고 주장한다. 안전의 궁극적 목표에 대하여 기존정책과는 차별화된 관점을 보여주는 '비전제로'는 교통안전에서 건강, 안전, 웰빙 등 영역으로 확산되고 있다. '비전제로'가 시사하는 우리나라 학교안전정책의 과제를 "무엇을 보호하는가", "무엇으로부터 보호하는가", "무엇으로 보호하는가", "누가 보호하는가", "어떻게 보호해야 하는가"의 5가지 영역으로 살펴보았다. 본 연구는 '비전제로'에 대한 분석적 논의를 통해 우리나라 학교안전정책의 새로운 방향성을 설정하고자 하였다.

• 대한교통학회지
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.207-218
• /
• 2001

신호교차로 교통사고는 도시가 발달하고 산업이 고도화됨에 따라 교통혼잡 문제와 함께 심각한 사회문제로 대두되고 있다. 특히 이와 같은 교통사고는 대부분 인적 요인, 차량적 요인, 환경적 요인 등이 상호 복합적으로 작용하여 발생한다. 이전 교통사고와 교통량과의 관계는 운전자 과실과 함께 교통사고 발생에 주요요인으로 작용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 교통사고 예측모형을 개발하기 위해 1996년부터 1998년까지 3년 동안에 실제 광주광역시 4-지 신호교차로 73개소에서 발생한 교통사고자료를 기초로 하였다. 또한 4-지 신호교차로 교통사고 분석에 단순통계분석과 교차분석 및 다중회귀분석을 사용하였다. 특히 다중회귀분석에는 교차로 사고분석을 위해 사고유형을 종속변수로, 방향별 접근 교통량을 독립변수로 각각 적용하여 교통사고 예측모형을 도출하였다. 그리고 본 연구에서 도출된 예측모형을 이용하여 전라남도 4-지 신호교차로에 대한 교통사고 잦은 지점으로 선정된 30개소를 선택, 사고유형을 분석한 후 교통사고 예측모형에 적용하여 사고모형을 검증하였다. 결론적으로 본 연구에서는 사고유형과 방향별 접근 교통량과의 관계를 이용하여 광주광역시 4-지 신호교차로 교통사고 예측모형을 개발하였고, 향후 연구과제로 타 지역 신호교차로 교통사고 예측모형 연구와 교차로 교통사고에 대한 안전대책 및 안전한 교차로 설계에 대한 지속적인 연구가 수행되어 져야 할 것이다.

• 자동차안전학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.28-38
• /
• 2019

In the world, traffic accidents and environmental pollution caused by the increase of vehicles are becoming a serious social problem. According to the 2016 data published by the Korea Highway Traffic Authority, Korea owns 49.9 vehicles per 100 people. This is the 28th largest number among the 35 OECD member countries. In addition, the number of deaths from traffic accidents in Korea totaled 4,292, of which 1,714 were caused by traffic accidents involving vehicles and pedestrians. To reduce these human casualties, the automotive industry is constantly working on the development and commercialization of Adaptive Driver Assist System (ADAS). ADAS is the system providing convenience and safeness for drivers. In general, ADAS consists of Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB), Highway Driving Assist (HDA), Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC), Lane Keeping Assist System (LKAS). Among them, the AEB detects the possibility of collision by the vehicle itself and plays a role of avoiding the collision or reducing the damage through active braking. For such AEB, Euro NCAP has been developing test-evaluation methods for the vulnerable since 2017. Therefore, In this paper analyzes the scenario of Euro NCAP VRU Test Protocol v3.0.1, which will be established in 2020, and proposes test conditions according to the Korean road traffic law. In addition, the reliability of the proposed scenario and test conditions was verified by comparing and analyzing the proposed theoretical evaluation formulas and actual test results.

• 대한인간공학회지
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.135-142
• /
• 2016

Objective: Objective of this study is to provide characteristics of injury frequency and severity by driving condition in large truck-related traffic collisions. Background: Traffic accidents involving large trucks draw a lot of attention in accident prevention and management policies since they bring about severe human and financial damages. Method: In order to identify the major risk factors of accidents by driving condition, 255 recognized traffic accidents by large truck drivers were analyzed in terms of time of the day, road type, and shape of the road. Results: The driving conditions in the results are represented by the following form of combination, "Road Type (Non-expressway or Express) - Shape of Roads (Straight, Curved, Downhill, or Intersection) - Time of Accidents (Day or Night)". In the analysis of injury frequency, Non-expressway-Straight-Day condition was the most frequent one. Meanwhile, Expressway-Curved-Day, Non-expressway-Curved-Night and Non-expressway-Intersection-Night were evaluated as high level in view of injury severity. Also, Expressway-Straight-Night is the driving condition that is the highest in risk among the conditions that have to be managed as grade "High". Non-expressway-Straight-Night, Non-expressway-Downhill-Day, and Non-expressway-Curved-Day are also categorized as grade "High". Conclusion and Application: Safety managers in the fields require basic information on accident prevention that can be easily understood. The research findings will serve as a practical guideline for establishing preventive measures for traffic accidents.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.1-17
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 자율주행 시대에 대비하여 기존의 인간 운전자 대상의 교통규제의 변화를 모색하기 위해, 기존 교통안전시설 규제정보 공공개방을 위한 기초 인식조사 연구를 수행하였다. 이를 위해 자율주행차 관련 정보 수요자 집단, 현행 교통규제정보 관련 정보 관리자 집단을 대상으로 전문가 심층면접(In-depth Interview, IDI)을 수행하여 교통규제정보 공공개방의 방향성을 확인하였다. 분석 결과, 동적 규제정보에 대한 체계적 제공, 정보의 신뢰성 향상, 일원화된 정보 관리 체계에 대한 필요성을 확인하였으며 자율주행차의 주행에 대비한 IoT 기반의 교통안전시설 도입에 대한 요구사항을 도출하였다. 또한 서비스 제공을 위한 관리기관 및 수요기관 간의 유기적인 협업체계가 필요함을 확인하였다.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.119-126
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 철도관제사의 인적오류를 유발하는 요인이 무엇인지를 AMOS 구조방정식 모형을 활용하여 탐색적으로 검증하려는 목적에서 시도되었다. 관제사와 관련된 문헌연구를 토대로 피로와 스트레스를 외생변인, 정보처리과정에서의 오류(인지, 기억, 저장 및 실행오류)를 내생변인, 그리고 종속변인으로 책임사고와 아차사고를 설정하였다. 여러 기관의 현직관제사 201명의 설문을 분석한 결과, '스트레스 ${\rightarrow}$ 기억오류 ${\rightarrow}$ 저장오류 ${\rightarrow}$ 아차사고 ${\rightarrow}$ 책임사고'의 인과관계 고리가 성립한다는 것을 발견하였다. 이 같은 연구결과는 인적오류와 관련하여 관제사의 사고 저감을 위해서는 그 선행요인인 스트레스를 효과적으로 관리하여 정보처리과정에서의 기억 및 실행오류를 저감시킬 필요가 있다는 것을 시사한다.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.16-23
• /
• 2017

In contemporary modern society, people are constantly exposed to many kinds of noise, such as that from machinery, aircraft, construction sites, or road traffic. Noise is considered one of the most indispensable and influential parts of human life. This study investigates the acoustic characteristics of noise transfer from external sources to the human ear. For this study, we measured and analyzed various types of noise environments, installed monitoring speakers in a semi-anechoic room, and conducted intentional noise-filled experiments. In this environment, the size of the sounds generated by use of a portable device was also measured and the SNR (signal to noise ratio) calculated to study the influence of the noise. As sound is transmitted to the ear and the human body, it affects not only auditory damage but also other parts of the body. In this paper, we propose a proper SNR for noise emitted by portable IT equipment to prevent hearing loss when IT equipment is used.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 2003년도 ISIS 2003
• /
• pp.110-113
• /
• 2003

Most traffic accidents are caused by drivers' carelessness and lack of information on the surrounding objects. In this paper we proposed a model of human intention recognition through case-base learning and to build up an experiment system. The system can help us recognize object's intention (e.g. turn left, turn right or straight) by using detected data about human's motion, speed of the car and the distance between the car and the intersection. Furthermore, we included an example using case-base learning in this paper to improve the precision of recognition as well as an example to explain the use of the system. PC can be used to predict the driving reaction beforehand and send a warning signal to the driver in time if there is any danger.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.218-226
• /
• 2019

In modern society, people live in an environment with artificial or natural noise. Especially, the sound that corresponds to the artificial noise makes the noise itself and affects each other because many people live and work in the city. Sounds are generated by the activities and causes of various people, such as construction sites, aircraft, production machinery, or road traffic. These sounds are essential elements in human life and are recognized and judged by human auditory organs. Noise is a sound that you do not want to hear by subjective evaluation, and it is a loud sound that gives hearing damage or a sound that causes physical and mental harm. In this study, we introduce the method of stimulating the human hearing by finger vibration and explain the advantages of the proposed method in various kinds of a noise environment. And how to improve the sound quality to improve efficiency. In this paper, we propose a method to prevent the loss of hearing loss and the transmission of sound information based on proper signal to noise ratio when using portable IT equipment in various noise environments.

• 대한인간공학회지
• /
• 제36권5호
• /
• pp.467-484
• /
• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to review, with the main focus on aviation safety technology and management program, how human factors are currently taken into consideration within transportation sectors, especially aviation, and to further share related information. Background: Human factors account for the majority of aviation accidents/incidents. Thus, the aviation sector has been comparatively quick in developing and applying technologies and management programs that deal with human factors. This paper reviews the latest safety technologies and management programs regarding human factors and aims to identify the trend. Method: This paper, based on literature research and practical experience, examines the latest international standards on technologies and management programs, those that deal with human factors and are adopted by international and domestic aviation organization. The main focus of discussion is how human factors are reflected during the system design and operation process. Results: The current most important issue in designing is the consideration of human factors in Cockpit, Automation, and Safety system technology design. From an operational point of view, the issues at hand are screening and training aviation workers to promote aviation safety, providing education on human factors and CRM/TEM, and running a safety management program to implement SMS. They were discussed based on the operational experience within the aviation sector. Conclusion: Major examples of a human factors approach to promote aviation safety are safety programs and various safety and monitoring technologies applied to aviation personnel for error management. These programs must be managed in an integrated manner that takes both the system designing and operational point of view into account. Application: It is thought that the human factors approach for promoting aviation safety reviewed in this paper can be extended and applied to safety management programs in other transportation sectors such as the railroad, maritime, road traffic etc.