• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.30 no.4 s.81
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• pp.441-452
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• 2000

The present studies were performed to investigate the interaction of $17{\beta}$-estradiol and human growth hormone(hGH) on the proliferation of human periodontal ligament(WDL) cell. The independent effects of $17{\beta}$ estradiol and hGH on hPDL cell proliferation were investigated and the effects of hGH on hPDL cell proliferation after $17{\beta}$-estradiol pre-treatment were also investigated. Lastly, the change of hGH receptor expression in hPDL cell after $17{\beta}$-estradiol pre-treatment were investigated. The obtained results were as follows; 1. The treatment of $17{\beta}$-estradiol or hGH had no significant effects on hPDL cell proliferation. 2. After pre-treatment of $17{\beta}$-estradiol, hGH stimulated the proliferation of the hPDL cell, regardless of hHG concentration. 3. Although there was not hGH receptor in the hPDL cell, hGH receptors were expressed in hPDL cell after more than 6 hours pre-treatment of $17{\beta}$-estradiol. 4. The effect of hGH on hPDL cell proliferation was related to the hGH receptor expression. $17{\beta}$-estradiol pre-treaaent contributed to the hGH effects on the hPDL cell by stimulating hGHR expression.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.60-69
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• 2023

Purpose: Despite enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and/or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, individuals with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) I or II often experience significant growth deficiencies. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of recombinant human growth hormone (hGH) treatment in children diagnosed with MPS I or II. Materials and Methods: A total of nine pediatric patients-four with MPS I and five with MPS II-underwent treatment with ERT and hGH at Samsung Medical Center. Results: The mean hGH dose administered was 0.26±0.03 mg/kg/week. In the MPS I group, three patients showed an increase in height Z-score from -4.09±0.83 to -3.68±0.43 after 1 year of hGH treatment, and to -3.10±0.72 by the end of the hGH regimen. In the MPS II group, while the height Z-score of four patients decreased according to standard growth charts, it improved from 1.61±1.79 to 2.71±1.68 based on the disease-specific growth chart through hGH treatment. Two patients discontinued hGH treatment due to lack of efficacy after 22 and 6 months each of treatment, respectively. No new-onset neurological symptoms or necessity for prosthetic or orthopedic surgery were reported during hGH treatment. Conclusion: This study provides insights into the impact of hGH on MPS patients, demonstrating its potential to reverse growth deceleration in some cases. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects of hGH on changes in body composition, muscle strength, and bone health in this population.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.281-283
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• 2014

McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) is characterized by a triad of poly/monostotic fibrous dysplasia, caf$\acute{e}$-au-lait macules and hyperfunctioning endocrinopathies including human growth hormone excess. Acromegaly as a manifestation of endocrine hyperfunction with MAS is uncommon. Surgical excision may be challenging due to the associated severe fibrous dysplasia of the skull base. Through the endoscopic procedures, we treated a case of MAS presenting with compressive optic neuropathy due to fibrous dysplasia and acromegaly caused by growth hormone secreting pituitary adenoma. We reviewed the literature on GH excess in MAS to highlight its surgical and medical challenges.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2001

Obesity is a metabolic disease associated with multiple hormonal abnormalities. Therefore, obesity management aims at balancing these endocrine malfunctions nowadays. Although many studies proved interactions of hormones related with obesity, there are still lots of controversies. Most of these malfunctions are more pronounced in central, visceral obesity than in peripheral obesity. Recently, it is revealed that a central lesion of endocrine malfunction in human visceral obesity is probably related with a hypersensitivity of hypothalamopituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis. Probably associated with this axis, Insulin and cortisol promote lipid accumulation by expressing lipoprotein lipase activity, while sex hormones and growth hormone exert the opposite effects. Also reviewed was thyroid hormone which is closely related with thermogenesis. Serotonin is prescribed as antidepressant and it is applied to some eating disorders. Recently, leptin made in fat deposit also took attentions in terms of regulator of appetite and messenger of sex signal.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.91-96
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• 2013

Transgenic chickens have been spotlighted as an highly potent bioreactor for their fecundity, short generation time, and eggs associated with mass production of protein. In this study, we generated transgenic chickens exhibiting oviduct specific expression of human growth hormone fused to human transferrin for oral administration. Gene of the modified growth hormone located at downstream ovalbumin promoter (~3.6 kb) was introduced to stage X blastodermal cell employing retrovirus vector system. Several transgenic chickens were successfully generated. However, genomic analyses showed unexpected deletion within the transgene. The modification of the transgene seemed to occur during germ cell formation because the deletion was detected only from the sperm DNA of the G0 founder animal. There was no evidence of deletion in the somatic cell DNA samples of the same chicken. Consequently, same pattern of the deletion was confirmed in both somatic and germ cells of the G1 progeny.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.37-47
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• 2005

Biobehavioral nursing research is focused on generating knowledge that examines relations among biological, behavioral, and social dimensions of health to improve outcomes. In this paper we review the findings of a biobehavioral nursing study of individuals with fibromyalgia (FM) that was framed from the perspective of an individual human response model, the FM literature, and our previous studies in midlife women. We were particularly interested in the studying the role of 'arousal' secondary to pain or to dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hormones during sleep and the impact on symptom expression. Unexpectedly, we did not find evidence of, arousal' or abnormal amounts of HPA axis hormones but we did find reduced amounts of growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) and of sleep spindle activity, a biomarker of sleep maintenance. We discuss these new findings and how our thinking was re-shaped to better understand the role that disturbed sleep plays in symptom expression in FM. It is argued that disturbed sleep maintenance mechanisms coupled with dysregulated somatotrophic-growth hormone axis and sleep-related PRL render individuals vulnerable to the development of or exacerbations of FM symptoms.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.67-71
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• 1976

Effect of Electro Convulsion Therapy (ECT) on the Human Growth Hormone (HGH) response was observed in 32 cases of various mental illness. The patients were fasting overnight and ECT was induced in the morning by application of $90{\sim}120V$ for a period of $0.1{\sim}0.5\;sec$. In all patients, venous blood samples were taken prior to simultaneously with 1 and 4 hours after the ECT. Plasma was immediately seperated and stored in $-20^{\circ}C$ refrigerator. HGH concentrantion was determined by means of radioimmunoassay Results were as follows: 1. Application of electric current was not followed by a significant change in mean plasma HGH of 52 cases. 2 Increases of plasma HGH following ECT were observed in about half cases showing low initial level but in 20 other cases with high initial level of plasma HGH, reasonable decreases after therapy were not found. 3. Plasma concentration of HGH one hour after application of current were always higher than just after the current. 4. There were no differences between HGH responses to a 1st, 2nd or 5th ECT. 5. Discussions were made on the possible modification of HGH response following ECT by the autoregulatory control mechanism.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.283-291
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• 1995

The characteristics of aminopeptidase M(ApM) immobilized covalently on Cellufine Formyl and the continuous production of authentic human growth hormone(hGH) from methionyl human growth hormono(met-hGH) using the column reactor packed with immobilized ApM were investigated. Immobilized ApM with the proportion of 2.3mg ApM per 1g Cellufine Formyl gel had the highest met-hGH conversion activity. The optimum pH(7.0) and temperature($55^{\circ}C$) showed no appreciable difference between free and immobilized enzymes and the optimum temperature in continuous operation of the column reactor was also found to be $55^{\circ}C$. Under the conditions at which met-hGH was converted completely to hGH, the yield and productivity were about 77% and 0.8mg hGH/ml$.$h, respectively. In two column reactors of different sizes, met-hGH was converted to hGH with the same conversion rates and hGH yields at the same space velocities. The half-life of the reactor systems at $45^{\circ}C$ and $55^{\circ}C$ were projected from the continuous operations for 90 days to be 225 days and 81 days, respectively.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.305-331
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• 1997

So far we oriental medical doctors have referred to Shin(腎) as endocrine system, especially suprarenal gland, sexual gland and autonomic nervous system, thyroid etc. as well as kidney. But the sight on thyroid is weak and the relationship with Shin(腎) hasn't been suggested clearly. The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between Shin(腎) with thyroid. The following are the results. 1. Ki Gi(氣機) of Shin(腎) is similar to the fuction of thyroid in that they are the base of human metabolism, influencing all the metabolism of human tissue. 2. Shin Yang(腎陽) and thyroid hormone are almost identical in that they are the base of Yang Gi(陽氣), the former as source of heat energy, the latter as energy hormone. 3. Shin(腎) and thyroid hormone are almost the same in that they activate growth of human body. 4. Ki Gi(氣機) of Shin(腎) such as Ju Gol(主骨), Saeng Su(生髓), Tong uh Noi(通於腦) is similar to the effects of thyroid hormone on bones, central nervous system and hair 5. The symptoms of deficiency of Shin Eum(腎陰虛) are almost identical with those of hyperthyroidism, so the process of Yang Hwa Gi(陽化氣) caused by exuberance of Yang due to deficiency of Shin Eum(腎陰虛陽亢) is similar to excessive metabolism caused by hyperthyroidism. 6. The process of Eum Seong Hyung(陰成形) caused by preponderance of Eum due to deficiency of Shin Yang(腎陽虛陰盛) is similar to the lowering of metabolism caused by hypothyroidism. 7. Deficiency of Shin Eum(腎陰虛) is similar to hyperthyroidism, deficiency of Shin Yang(腎陽虛) to hypothyroidism. But there are major difference in edema and the fuction of intestine. To conclude, Ki Gi(氣機) of Shin is similar to the function of throid in many respects. I hope that there will be further studies on the relationship beteen thyroid malfuction with deficiency of Shin Yang(腎陽虛) or of Shin Eum(腎陰虛) in the future.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.241-245
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• 1994

Despite increasing success rate of IVF, poor response to ovarian stimulation remains a problem. So, attempts to improve ovarian responses, for example, by using combined gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue(GnRH-a) and human menopausal gonadotropin(hMG) have shown limited success. It is reported that response of granulosa cells in vitro to FSH is stimulated by co-incubation with IGF-l, and IGF-l production can be increased by growth hormone. This suggest that combination regimen of G.H. and hMG may augment follicle recruitment. In fifteen patients who had previous history of poor ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation after pituitary suppression with mid -luteal GnRH-a, the effectiveness of cotreatment with G.H. in IVF program was evaluated using a combination regimen of G.R. and hMG at Korea University Hospital IVF Clinic. Ovarian responses to gonadotropin stimulation in control and GH-treated cycles assessed by total dose and duration of hMG treatment, follicular development and peak $E_2$ level, number of eggs retrieved, and fertilization rates were also assessed. In each group, serum and follicular fluid IGF-1 concentrations on day of egg collection were measured by RIA after acidification and extraction by reveresed phase chromatography. Patients receiving G.H. required fewer days and ampules of gonadotropins, developed more oocytes, and more embryos transferred. But, the differences were not statistically significant, except the duration of hMG treatment. Our data showed a significantly higher concentration of IGF-l in the serum, not in the follicular fluid, of patients treated with G.H. compared with control group. These data suggest that growth hormone treatment does not improve the ovarian response in women with limited ovarian reserve to gonadotropin stimulation for IVF.