• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.1023-1026
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• 2013

Cervical cancer is the most important female gynecological cancer, the second leading cause of cancer mortality in women worldwide and the second most common cancer in Thai women. The major cause of cervical cancer is persistent infection of human papillomavirus (HPV), leading to abnormal epithelial lesions, with progression to precancerous and invasive cancer. This study was conducted to investigate the frequency and type distribution of HPV in Thai women who had abnormal cytology. HPV detection from FFPE confirmed abnormal of high grade cervical intraepithelial lesions were for SPF-10-Innogenic Line Probe Assay. HPV-positivity was detected in 320/355 cases (90.14%) and HPV-negativity in 35/355 (9.86%). HPV-positive was found 147/320 cases (41.4%) of single infection, whereas 173/320 cases (48.7%) showed the multiple HPV infection. The most common seven types were HPV-16, -52, -18, -11, -51, -31 and -33, in that order. HPV 16 and 18, the important oncogenic HPV type, were observed in 64.8% of HSIL cases. Interestingly, a high proportion of multiple infections was found in this study and more than ten types could be detected in one case. Therefore, HPV infection screening program in women is essential, particularly in Thailand. Effective primary and secondary prevention campaigns that reinforce HPV screening for HPV detection and typing may be decrease the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in the future and may lead to significantly improve the quality of life in Thai women.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to ascertain the breeding efficiency in Thoroughbred mare. A total of 106 mares were investigated for the status of follicle (462 cases), ovulation (179 cases) and pregnancy (346 cases). Of total examination, 46.8% was follicle measure to determine breeding time, and mating rate per cases examined was 39.9%. There was no correlation between reproductive results and size of follicles or endometrial edema or degrees of teasing alone. 143 cases were ovulated among 179 cases which were performed ovulation examination, and ovulation rate and fertilization rate per mating times were 79.9% and 39.0%, respectively. The use of hCG(human chorionic gonadotropin), to facilitate ovulation, presented to increase occurrence of double ovulations and twin fertilizations In conclusion, though more examination to estimate the optimal breeding time and higher mating rate was performed, fertilization rate per mating times was lower and then reproductive efficiency also became decreased. Therefore, it seemed that accurate examination of reproductive tracks, appropriate teasing programme and hCG administration before ovulation were of help to improve ovulation rate and fertilization rate.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.470-478
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• 2023

인간이라면 누구나 보호받아야 할 인권을 가지며, 오늘날 인권 보호에 관한 중요성은 사회 모든 분야에서 강조되고 있다. 산업계에서도 인권 경영을 위하여 인권교육을 시행하고, 인권침해 대응 체계를 마련하는 등 근로자의 인권을 보호하기 위한 활동을 수행하고 있다. 그러나 선박에 승선하고 있는 선원은 그 폐쇄적인 환경과 특수한 근로조건으로 인하여 인권 보호에 사각지대에 놓여 있는 경우가 많다. 특히, 실습선원을 비롯한 초급 선원을 중심으로 다수의 인권침해 사례가 발견되고 있으며, 관련 실태조사나 연구가 타 직군에 비하여 미흡한 현실이다. 인간의 기본권을 제한받는 직업은 누구에게도 선망의 대상이 될 수 없으며, 해기사를 꿈꾸는 실습선원의 인권 보호와 권익 신장은 해기인력 확보와 선원직 매력화를 위하여 선행되어야 할 과제이다. 이 연구에서는 실습선원을 대상으로 한 인권 실태조사 결과와 인권침해 사례를 바탕으로 시사점과 문제점을 도출하였고, 그에 대한 개선방안을 제시하였다. 실습선원은 승선 전 선상에서의 인권침해에 대하여 매우 부정적 인식을 가지고 있었으나, 실제로 승선 후 선내 인권침해에 대한 부정적 인식은 완화된 것으로 나타났다. 실습선원이 승선 전 불필요한 두려움과 공포를 가지는 것으로 확인되었으며, 이에 대한 개선방안으로 실습선원의 지위에 관한 법제도 마련, 비물리적 인권침해 완화를 위한 조치, 인권침해 처리 절차와 대응 체계 개선, 인권교육의 실효성 확보 등을 제시하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.6375-6378
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• 2013

Background: The glutathione S transferase (GST) family of enzymes plays a vital role in the phase II biotransformation of environmental carcinogens, pollutants, drugs and other xenobiotics. GSTs are polymorphic and polymorphisms in GST genes have been associated with cancer susceptibility and prognosis. GSTP1 is associated with risk of various cancers including bladder cancer. A case control study was conducted to determine the genotype distribution of GSTP1 A>G SNP, to elucidate the possible role of this SNP as a risk factor in urinary bladder cancer (UBC) development and to examine its correlation with clinico-pathologic variables inUBC cases. Materials and Methods: Using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) approach, we tested the genotype distribution of 180 bladder cancer patients in comparison with 210 cancer-free controls from the same geographical region with matched frequency in age and gender. Results: We did not observe significant genotype differences between the control and bladder cancer patients overall with an odds ratio (OR)=1.23 (p>0.05). The rare allele (AG+GG) was found to be present more in cases (28.3%) than in controls (24%), though the association was not significant (p<0.05). However, a significant risk of more than 2-fold was found for the variant allele (AG+GG) with smokers in cases as compared to controls (p>0.05). Conclusions: Thus, it is evident from our study that GSTP1 SNP is not implicated overall in bladder cancer, but that the rare, valine-related allele is connected with higher susceptibility to bladder cancer in smokers and also males.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.316-324
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• 2022

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. The genetics of PCOS is heterogeneous with the involvement of number of genes in the steroid synthesis pathway. The CYP11B2 encodes aldosterone synthase and the genetic variants might increase aldosterone secretion in PCOS cases. CYP1A1 is known to enhance the intraovarian catechol estrogen production and thus the propensity for PCOS. The present case-control study analyzed a total of 619 females for CYP11B2 (rs1799998) and CYP1A1 (rs4646903) polymorphisms. Obesity was examined according to body mass index (BMI) and waist hip ratio (WHR) categorization. Biochemical (lipid profile) analysis was performed in PCOS females. BMI (P=0.0001) and WHR (P=0.0001) revealed a statistically significant difference between PCOS cases and controls. The overall levels of triglycerides were higher in PCOS females. The genotype frequency distribution of CYP11B2 (rs1799998) polymorphism revealed statistically significant difference between PCOS cases and controls (P=0.017). However, CYP1A1 (rs4646903) polymorphism did not showed any association with PCOS. The present case-control association analysis is first from our region for CYP1A1 and CYP11B2 polymorphisms and is suggestive of genetic predisposition of steroidogenic genes among PCOS patients in the North-Indian Punjabi females.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.11-15
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• 1982

There is the possibility that human error during testing and maintenance brings about the failure of the system, the reliability of which depends on mechanical failure and human error. This paper deals with the calculation of the reliability of the redundant system with the dependent hunman error through Karnaugh Map. Two cases are considered. One is the reli- ability of the system neglecting the test interval of each component and the other is that considering the test interval of each component.

• BMB Reports
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• 제48권7호
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• pp.373-379
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• 2015

Humans have acquired many distinct evolutionary traits after the human-chimpanzee divergence. These phenotypes have resulted from genetic changes that occurred in the human genome and were retained by natural selection. Comparative primate genome analyses reveal that loss-of-function mutations are common in the human genome. Some of these gene inactivation events were revealed to be associated with the emergence of advantageous phenotypes and were therefore positively selected and fixed in modern humans (the "less-ismore" hypothesis). Representative cases of human gene inactivation and their functional implications are presented in this review. Functional studies of additional inactive genes will provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying acquisition of various human-specific traits. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(7): 373-379]

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1529-1535
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• 2006

Human error is one of the major contributors to the railway accidents or incidents. In order to develop an effective countermeasure to remove or reduce human errors, a systematic analysis should be preferentially performed to identify their causes, characteristics, and types of human error induced in accidents or incidents. This paper introduces a case study for human error analysis of the railway accidents and incidents. For the case study, more than 1,000 domestic railway accidents or incidents that happened during the year of 2004 have been investigated and a detailed error analysis was performed on the selected 90 cases, which were obviously caused by human error. This paper presents a classification structure for human error analysis, and summarizes the analysis results such as causes of the events, error modes and types, related worker, and task type.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권11호
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• pp.3675-3684
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• 2021

Human reliability analysis (HRA) is a proactive approach to model and evaluate human systematic errors, and has been extensively applied in various complicated systems. Dependence assessment among human errors plays a key role in the HRA, which relies heavily on the knowledge and experience of experts in real-world cases. Moreover, there are ofthen different types of uncertainty when experts use linguistic labels to evaluate the dependencies between human failure events. In this context, this paper aims to develop a new method based on linguistic hesitant fuzzy sets and the technique for human error rate prediction (THERP) technique to manage the dependence in HRA. This method handles the linguistic assessments given by experts according to the linguistic hesitant fuzzy sets, determines the weights of influential factors by an extended best-worst method, and confirms the degree of dependence between successive actions based on the THERP method. Finally, the effectiveness and practicality of the presented linguistic hesitant fuzzy THERP method are demonstrated through an empirical healthcare dependence analysis.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.152-160
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• 2001

The presence of HPV DNA and the expression of p53 protein and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma were determined to evaluate the relationship of these factors and their association with their pathologic stages and cervical lymph node metastasis. Among 65 patients the presence of HPV DNA was found in 12 cases(18.5%), p53 was found positive in 32 cases(49.2%) and expression of PCNA was observed in 24 cases(36.9%). The expression of PCNA was more frequent in the HPV positive cancers compared with the HPV negative ones(p =0.0018), and p53 revealed its higher rate of cooccurrence with the expression of PCNA(p =0.008), which might suggest that PCNA expression has a positive relationship with HPV and p53 mutation in head and neck cancer. There might be inverse relationship between HPV and p53 mutation(p =0.063), but 3 cases showed both HPV DNA positivity and p53 expression. HPV was detected at a higher rate in the early pathologic stages than in the advanced stages of cancer, and p53 expression was more frequently found in the advanced stages(p =0.044). These results suggests that HPV and p53 mutation might have different etiologic roles in the development of head and neck cancer, or cases with p53 mutation might have more aggressive behavior. PCNA expression showed no difference between early and late stages of cancer, and between cases with and without cervical lymph node metastasis.