• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.87-100
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• 1990

This study was carried out in an attempt to establish a preliminary scale for measuring $\boxDr$Quality of Life$\boxUl$ of Korean farm households, Data from randomly selected 318 farm households through our the country were analysis. The main results of this study were summarized as follows; 1) The objective levels of living conditions were relatively low in dietary life, healthy & sanitation, and financial stability and were relatively high in family relationship, household work and housing environment. 2) The subjective satisfaction level was lowest in leisure and were relatively high in family relationship and health & sanitation. 3) A comparison of objective level of living conditions and subjective satisfaction level suggested th score of the latter were higher than the former in dietary life and health & sanitation. In the contrary to this, the scores of the former were higher than the latter in housing environment, household work, child education, leisure and family relationship. In particular, the score of the subjective satisfaction level were much higher in housing environment and household work.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.55-74
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• 2013

This research developed standardized satellite accounts for household production to measure the entire production in Korea using representative Korean data. This study utilized standardized methods for measuring the expenditure and consumption of expendable supplies as an element of intermediate goods in household production. The results of this research can be summarized as follows. First, the total value of household production in Korea in 2009 turned was 268 trillion won, which would be 10.16% of the GDP, based on using the method of replacement by specialty for estimating the value of housework, while it was 356 trillion won, which would be 13.5% of the GDP (2,636 trillion won), based on the method of opportunity cost. Second, the economic value of labor invested in household production was 220 trillion won when using the data from 12 main corresponding wages in the market, while it was 203 trillion won when using the method of total replacement, which used the wages of housekeepers, and 290 trillion won when using the method of opportunity cost in measuring the value of housework labor. Third, in estimating the proportion by section in terms of the total value of household production, the portion of labor in household production was measured from 76% to 82%, depending on the methods used, which is the most significant section. These results indicate that housework has the characteristics of labor-centered work. On the other hand, the value of expenditure on and consumption of expendable supplies, as one element of intermediate goods, is 63 trillion won, which is 17.7% (using the method of opportunity cost in measuring the labor of housework) of household production. Also, the value of capital goods, as the other element of intermediate goods is 2.3 trillion won, which is 0.9% (using the method of opportunity cost) of household production. In conclusion, as an element of household production, housework labor was higher in household production than expenditures on expendables, especially for cooking, cleaning, and caring for children. In the future, people should be cautious about estimating that the amount of household work could be reduced, as women's labor in the market and the household work produced by the market will increase.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of the household labors that are performed by dual income families. The methodology that has been applied in this study was a qualitative research based on in-depth interviews of a total of 10 people(8 housewives, 2 husbands) selected from the 8 different families. The 8 different families have been selected in order to identify the different family lives and the various household labor patterns that are conducted by both the working husband and the working wife. As a result, we have found out that working wives still had to manage their time in an extremely busy manner in order to balance their professional work with their household tasks. However, the household work that was being shared by the husbands also seemed to vary dynamically according to the different family situations. Although, it has shown that household tasks are divided by the person's sex, the amount of household tasks that are shared tended to increase according to the life cycle of each family.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2008

This paper examines the value of unpaid care work using the 2004 time use survey and compared them to economic measures such as GDP, tax revenue, value of paid work, government expenditure on care-related personnel expenditure and remuneration of paid care workers. It employs the mean earnings approach and generalist approach. It finds that the value of unpaid care work (compared to GDP) is between 18% and 29% using different approaches. The value of care of household members and for others in the community (person care) is between 5% and 8%. Furthermore, the value of unpaid care work is greater than that of direct tax regardless of the approach used. In addition, the value of person care is estimated at between 22% and 35% of the total value of the paid economy. The value of unpaid care work far exceeds the value of government expenditure on care-related personnel and the remuneration of paid care workers. This research suggests that unpaid care work (mostly conducted by women) should be recognized as part of production activities. This is because caring and household maintenance activities are necessary for individual well-being but also it contributes to the national economic competitiveness particularly through human resource development.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.151-165
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to investigate(1) the relationship of SOHO and familiy life, (2) the relationship of SOHO and household work time. The samples are composed of 35 married men and 15 married women, who are participating in SOHO. The major findings of this study are summarized as follows. (1) The household work time of the married women was influenced by age, number of children under 6, employment status of the spouse. (2) The household work time of the married men was influenced by number of children, age, number of children under 6.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권7호
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• pp.157-168
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• 2003

The purposes of this study were to explore the rural women's labor by measuring labor value economically. To achieve the purpose, this study applied four methods : replacement cost method individual function, replacement cost method generalist, opportunity cost method and shadow wage method. The results of this study were as follows: 1) Time used for agricultural work and household work by with women were 5.3 hours and 3.8 hours each. 2) According to the methods used, the amounts of valuing rural women's labor were varied and ranged from 23,000 won to 43,000 won per day. This study might help recognize the degree of rural women's labor contribution to the household income of farm households and improve the socio-economic status of rural women through showing the productivity of the rural women's labor.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.55-63
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• 1982

We are studying on the home economics, particularly tools and machines used in household affairs. The object of this paper is to rationalize house cleaning method and to improve the used cleaning tools. We have made a social survey in Korea about the real situation of house cleaning as the first phase of this research. The contents are as follows: 1) The consciousness of housemakers for house cleaning. 2) The methods of house cleaning. 3) The used type of vacuum cleaner. 4) Merits and demerits of vacuum cleaner. 5) Troubles of vacuum cleaner etc. The results has been made in comparison with the same social survey in japan and a small scale different survey in The United States of America by auther in 1979. The results are as follow (in Korea). 1. The almost of housemakers are affirmative in charge of household affairs(95%). 2. In household affairs, only 9% of housemakers dislike cleaning work, but 40% of housemakers do not a cleaning work as a daily periodically. 3. In general household, they do a cleaning work with broom, duster and dust cloth, and then the cleaning work is faily backward in mechanization(The possession of vacuum is 19%). 4. The main dissatisfaction of vacuum cleaner is a noise, and also the difficulty of the cleaning in a corner of the room is shown in high percentage too.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제9권1호통권17호
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• pp.95-112
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• 1991

This study is planned to provide the basic idea to seek for the appropriate Time Management Strategies and to investigate the Time Management Strategies and household work time of wives. For these research tasks, the data are collected through the questionnaire rand 479 respondents were housewives in seoul. Their data are analyzed using Frequency, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation Analysis, Simple Regression Analysis, Multiple Regression Analysis. The Major findings of this study were as follows ; 1) There are significant differences in the time management strategies according to housewife's age, education level, and employment status, children's number, the type of housing, the type family, income and sex role attitude. 2) There are significant differences in the household work time according to housewife's age, education level, employment status, family size, children's number, type of housing, income, sex role attitude and time pressure perceptibility. 3) The Household work time is found to be negatively correlated to the Time Management Stategies except the adjustment of leisure and sleep time. 4) The Household work time is significantly related to housewife's employment status and the adjustment of leisure and sleep time.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.63-76
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• 1996

The purposes of this study were to examine; 1) the difference of the amount between husbands' and wife's leisure time in dual-earner household. 2) the relationship between leisure time of each spouse and selected demographic/socioeconomic measures and use of time in paid work and household work. Empirical survey was conducted by using structured questionaire and time-diary. The sample of this study were 98 dual-earner couples. The major findings were that; 1) the leisure time of husbands and wives were not significantly different on weekday. But husbands had significantly more leisure time than wives on Sunday : husband's mean minutes equal 444, while wife's mean minutes equal 350. 2) on weekday time spent in paid work and household work leisure time of spouse were significantly related to the leisure time of both husband and wife. In addition paid worktime of spouse was significantly related to the leisure time of husband. On Sunday household worktime leisure time of spouse w re significantly related to the leisure time of both husband and wife. 3) on weekday selected sociodemographic measures were not significantly related to the leisure time of both husband and wife. On Sunday degree of wife's education husband's income were significantly related to the leisure time of wife and age of younger child was significantly related to the leisure time of husband.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.97-111
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to explore the typology of child care, investigate the characteristics of child care types, and analyze the differences in time deficit as well as time satisfaction by the types of child care for dual-earner couples with preschool children. The data source for this research was the 2009 Time Use Survey conducted by the Korea National Statistical Office. Dual-earners aged 20 to 59 years completed 1,568 time diaries, which were analyzed using chi-square, cluster analysis, and ANOVA analysis. Child care time was classified into three types in the three categories of child care, household work sharing and leisure sharing for both males and females respectively. Three types for husbands were named "vulnerable", "household work child care predominant" and "leisure predominant". The three types for wives were named "vulnerable", "household work child care oriented" and "household work child care". The characteristics of each type depended on age, education, weekly working hours, gender role of husbands and age, weekly working hours of wives. The vulnerable type of wives showed the highest level of time deficit. Based on the results, implications for Public policy on child care and various types of education as well as programs were suggested.