• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.265-266
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• 2003

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.227-229
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• 1992

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.135.2-136
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• 2003

To characterize plasmids in Xanthomonu axonopodis pv. glycines, we isolated plasmids pAG1 from the strain AG1 and pXAG81 and PXAG82 from the strain Bra, respectively, and sequenced three plasmids. The size of plasmids, pAG1, pXAG81, and pXAG82 was 15,149-base pairs (bp), 26,727-bp, and 1,496-bp, respectively Fifteen and twenty six possible open reading frames (ORFs) were present in pAG1 and pXAG81, respectively. Only one ORF homologous to a rep gene of Xylella fastidiosa was present in pXAG82. pAG1 contained genes homologous to avrBs3, tnpA, tnpR, repA, htrA, three parA genes, M.XmaI, R.XmaI, and six hypothetical proteins. pXAG81 contained genes homologous to avrBs3, tnpA, tnpR, repA, htrA, two parA genes, pemI, pemK, mobA, mobB, mobC, mobD, mobE, trwB, traF, traH, ISxac2, and eleven hypothetical proteins. Based on DNA sequence analysis, we presume that pXAG81 is a conjugal plasmid. Interestingly, we found 0.5-kb truncated avirulence gene similar to aurXacE3 on the right border of avrBs3 homolgs of pAG1 and pXAG81. Two hundred twenty five isolates were analyzed to find aurBS3 or tra gene homologs by Southern hybridization. The numbers of avrBs3 homolog varied from 3 in AG1 to 8 in AG166. Two hundred seventeen isolates appeared to can conjugative plasmids (pXAG81 type), and thirty eight isolates appeared to carry non-conjugative plamids (pAGl type). This indicated that aurBs3 gene homologs might be spread by conjugation in X. axonopodis pv. glycines.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.446-451
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• 1997

한국 재래종 옥수수의 염색체 특성을 알아보기 위하여 재래종 옥수수 10개의 자식계통 C-banding법으로 염색하고 염색체상에 존재하는 heterochromatic knob 수를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. Knob수는 6∼12개이었고 평균 9.0개이었으며 계통별로 차이가 있었다. 2. 염색체의 장완과 단완의 비율, 상대적 길이 등을 비교해 보기 위하여 Waesungri와 PI213-749 두 계통을 조사해 본 결과 계통별로 차이가 있었다. 즉, 장완과 단완의 비율은 2번 염색체의 경우에만 1.25로서 동일하였고 다른 염색체의 경우는 모두가 다르게 나타났다. 염색체의 상대적 길이는 일반적으로 Waesungri에서 크게 나타났는데 1번 염색체의 경우 Waesungri에서는 223이었고 PI213749에서는 192이었다. 3. 염색체의 상대적 길이, 장완과 단완의 비율, 그리고 knob의 위치 등을 나타내는 모식도를 통하여 두 계통의 염색체 특성을 보다 명확하게 비교할 수 있었다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.323-328
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• 1992

질트리코모나스의 항원 분석을 시행하기 위하여 병원성이 화인된 질트리코모나스(Trichamonas vaginnlis) 6개주(HY-1,2,3,9,10,13)의 항일을 sodium dodecyl sulfate - polyacrlyamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) 한 결과 Coomassie brilliant blue 염색상에서 peptide의 밀도 차이를 제외하고는 주간에 동일한 단백질 분포양상을 보였으며, 12kDa에서 170kDa까지 약 35개 정도의 분획이 관찰되었다. 또한 질트리코모나스 HY월주를 항원으로 하고 질트리코모나스 6개주에 대해 면역된 마우스의 항혈청을 이용하여 enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot(EITB)을 시행한 결과 각 주마다 서로 다른 반응양상을 보였으며, 51kDa과 96kDa에서 질트리코모나스의 특이한 공통 반응대가 관찰되었고, 각기 다른 6개주의 항원에 대해 HY-1주의 항혈청으로 ETTB한 결과 HY-1 함원(homologous antigen)과의 반응 양상과 타항친(heterologous antigen)과의 반응 양상간의 특이한 차이는 관찰할 수 없었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 질트리코모나스 각 주의 항원은 항인-항체 반응에서 주간에 이종(antigenic heterogeneity)을 형성하고 있는 것으로 보였으며, 41, 47, 55, 74 및 94kDa에서 질트리코모나스애 특이한 공통반응대를 보었으며, 이 부분이 숙주-기생충의 상 호관계에 있어서 중요한 의의를 내포하고 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.124-128
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• 2002

Hantaan (HTN) and Puumala (PUU) viruses are major etiological agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), an important public health problem in Korea after the Korean War. The objective of present study was to determine allergenic potency of an inactivated combination vaccine against HTN and PUU viruses inflection. As a series of allergenicity assessment, a homologous active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) and homologous/heterologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) tests using the mice and guinea pigs were carried out. In the ASA test, no anaphylactic symptoms were observed in the guinea pigs sensitized with the vaccine alone as well as the vaccine emulsified with an adjuvant. By homologous PCA test, the vatscine did not induced the potential IgE antibody production in the sera obtained from the sensitized guinea pigs. In addition, IgE against the vaccine was not significantly enhanced from the mice inoculated with the vaccine, which was judged by the heterologous PCA test in rats. On the other hand, the inoculation of ovalbumin appeared to allergenic reactions both in the ASA and PCA tests. The results suggest that a combination vaccine against HW and PUU viruses have no allergenic potential in mice or guinea pigs.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.1054-1058
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• 2012

In order to predict biologically significant attributes such as function from protein sequences, searching against large databases for homologous proteins is a common practice. In particular, BLAST and HMMER are widely used in a variety of biological fields. However, sequence-homologous proteins determined by BLAST and proteins having the same domains predicted by HMMER are not always functionally equivalent, even though their sequences are aligning with high similarity. Thus, accurate assignment of functionally equivalent proteins from aligned sequences remains a challenge in bioinformatics. We have developed the FEP-BH algorithm to predict functionally equivalent proteins from protein-protein pairs identified by BLAST and from protein-domain pairs predicted by HMMER. When examined against domain classes of the Pfam-A seed database, FEP-BH showed 71.53% accuracy, whereas BLAST and HMMER were 57.72% and 36.62%, respectively. We expect that the FEP-BH algorithm will be effective in predicting functionally equivalent proteins from BLAST and HMMER outputs and will also suit biologists who want to search out functionally equivalent proteins from among sequence-homologous proteins.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.219-223
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• 1998

작물 병해충에 대한 무공해 미생물 농약 개발의 일환으로 곤충 병원성 곰팡이 Metarhizium anisopliae의 분자생물학적 육종을 위해 이 균주의 형질전환계를 확립하였다. M. anisopliae의 원형질체를 제작하여 benomyl 약제에 대하여 저항성을 나타내는 Aspergillus flavus 유래의 ${\beta}-tubulin$ 유전자를 갖는 pBRG-4 plasmid DNA를 polyethylene glycol 방법으로 형질 전환하였다. 이 형질전환은 pBRG-4 DNA $50\;{\mu}g$당 10개의 효율로 이루어졌으며, 그 결과 야생형 균주들의 $2.5\;{\mu}g/ml$ 농도의 benomyl 존재 하에서도 성장이 억제되는데 반하여 선발된 형질전환체들은 $5.0\;{\mu}g/ml$ 농도의 benomyl 함유 배지에서도 잘 성장하였다. 또한 이 형질전환체들의 chromosomal DNA를 분리하여 Southern 분석한 결과 ${\beta}-tubulin$ 유전자가 homologous recombination에 의하여 M. anisopliae의 genome속에 삽입 되었음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.206-216
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• 2015

To clarify the role of surface protective antigen A (SpaA) in the pathogenesis of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae C43065 (serotype 2), the spaA deletion mutant of E. rhusiopathiae ${\Delta}spaA$ was constructed by homologous recombination. The virulence of the ${\Delta}spaA$ mutant decreased more than 76-fold compared with that of the wild-type strain C43065 in mice. The mutant strain was sensitive to the bactericidal action of swine serum, whereas the wild-type strain was resistant. The adhesion of wild-type strain to MEF cells was inhibited significantly by treatment with rabbit antiserum against recombinant SpaA (rSpaA) as compared with the treatment with normal rabbit serum, but the mutant strain was not affected. The mutant strain was readily taken up by mouse peritoneal macrophages in the normal rabbit serum, whereas the wild-type strain was resistant. Whereas the rabbit antiserum against rSpaA promoted the phagocytosis of wild-type strain by macrophages, the mutant strain was not affected. In addition, mice vaccinated with the formalin-killed mutant strain were provided 40% protection against challenge by the homologous virulent strain as compared with those with wild-type strain, NaOH-extracted antigen, or rSpaA, which provided more than 80% protection against the same infection. These suggested that SpaA has an important role in the pathogenesis of E. rhusiopathiae infection and could be a target for vaccination against swine erysipelas.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.1322-1330
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• 2010

Three types of nuruk were made from rice, wheat, and a rice-glasswort (6:4) mixture. Nuruk, makgeolli, and vinegar were manufactured with rice nuruk (RN), wheat nuruk (WN), and rice-glasswort nuruk (RGN). The variable region of 18S or 16S rDNA amplified with genomic DNA extracted directly from nuruk-, makgeolli-, and vinegar-making cultures was analyzed via temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE). The sequence of the 18S rDNA variable region extracted from the TGGE gel for nuruk was 99% homologous with Aspergillus sp. and that for the makgeolli-making culture was 99% homologous with Saccharomyces sp. and Saccharomycodes sp. The sequence of the 16S rDNA variable region extracted from TGGE gel for the vinegar-making culture was 98% homologous, primarily with the Acetobacter sp. The eukaryotic and prokaryotic diversities in the nuruk-, makgeolli-, and vinegar-making cultures was not significantly altered by the addition of glasswort. Prokaryotic diversity was higher than eukaryotic diversity in the nuruk, but eukaryotic diversity was higher than prokaryotic diversity in the makgeolli-making culture, on the basis of the TGGE patterns. No 18S rDNA was amplified from the DNA extracted from the vinegar-making culture. The diversity of the microbial community in the process from nuruk to vinegar was slightly affected by the type of raw material utilized for nuruk-making. The saccharifying activity and ethanol productivity of nuruk, polyphenol content in makgeolli, and acetic acid and polyphenol content in the vinegar were increased as a result of the addition of glasswort. In conclusion, the glasswort may be not simply an activator for the growth of microorganisms during the fermentation of nuruk, makgeolli, or vinegar, but also a nutritional supplement that improves the quality of vinegar.