• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.645-667
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• 2016

The 750 m long "De Bosset" bridge in the Cephalonia Island of Western Greece, being the area with the highest seismicity in Europe, was constructed in 1830 by successive stone arches and stiff block-type piers. The bridge suffered extensive damages during past earthquakes, such as the strong M7.2 earthquake of 1953, followed by poorly-designed reconstruction schemes with reinforced concrete. In 2005, a multidisciplinary project for the seismic assessment and restoration of the "De Bosset" bridge was undertaken under the auspices of the Greek Ministry of Culture. The proposed retrofitting scheme combining soil improvement, structural strengthening and reconstruction of the deteriorated masonry sections was recently applied on site. Design of the rehabilitation measures and assessment of the pre- and post-interventions seismic response of the bridge were based on detailed in-situ and laboratory tests, providing foundation soil and structural material properties. In-situ inspection of the rehabilitated bridge following the strong M6.1 and M6.0 Cephalonia earthquakes of January 26th and February 3rd 2014, respectively, revealed no damages or visible defects. The efficiency of the bridge retrofitting is also proved by a preliminary performance analysis of the bridge under the recorded ground motion induced by the above earthquakes.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.897-919
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• 2015

In this study, the effects of ground shocks due to explosive loads on the dynamic response of historical masonry bridges are investigated by using the multi-point shock response spectrum method. With this purpose, different charge weights and distances from the charge center are considered for the analyses of a masonry bridge and depending on these parameters frequency-varying shock spectra are determined and applied to each support of the two-span masonry bridge. The net blast induced ground motion consists of air-induced and direct-induced ground motions. Acceleration time histories of blast induced ground motions are obtained depending on a deterministic shape function and a stationary process. Shock response spectrums determined from the ground shock time histories are simulated using BlastGM software. The results obtained from uniform and multi-point response spectrum analyses cases show that significant differences take place between the uniform and multi-point blast-induced ground motions.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.161-168
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• 2005

홍예교랑에서 무사석 및 적심석이 구조적특성이나 내하력에 미치는 영향에 대해서는 아직도 제대로 연구된 바가 없다. 특히 대부분의 홍예형 구조들이 문화재로 지정되어 있어 실물테스트를 하는 것은 매우 곤란하다. 석조구조물의 동적특성을 파악하면 접촉면의 강성을 파악할 수 있으므로 구조해석시 유용한 정보를 구할 수 있다. 본 연구는 무사석 및 적심석이 없는 5개의 홍예구조물과 우리나라 18개 홍예교량의 동적특성을 비교 분석함으로써 무사석 및 적심석 유무에 따른 고유진동수의 차이를 규명하는 방법으로 수행되었다. 연구결과 줄눈에 모르타르를 사용하지 않은 홍예구조의 경간에 따른 고유진동수는 우리나라 홍예교의 고유진동수보다 현저히 낮은 것으로 조사되었으며, 이러한 사실을 통해 볼 때 무사석 및 적심석이 홍예교의 고유진동수를 높이는 역할을 함을 알 수 있다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제75권2호
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• pp.271-282
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• 2020

The preservation of historic masonry-arch railway bridges is of paramount importance due to their economic benefits. These bridges which belong to past centuries may nowadays be expected to carry loads higher than those for which they were designed. Such an increase in loads may be because of increase in transportation speed or in the capacity of freight-wagons. Anyway, adequate increase in their load-carrying-capacity through structural-strengthening is required. Moreover, the increasing costs of material/construction urge engineers to optimize their designs to obtain the minimum-cost one. This paper proposes a novel numerical optimization method to minimize the costs associated with strengthening of masonry-arch railway bridges. To do so, the stress/displacement responses of Sahand-Goltappeh bridge are assessed under ordinary train pass as a case study. For this aim, 3D-Finite-Element-Model is created and calibrated using experimental test results. Then, it is strengthened such that following goals are achieved simultaneously: (1) the load-carrying-capacity of the bridge is increased; (2) the structural response of the bridge is reduced to a certain limit; and, (3) the costs needed for such strengthening are minimized as far as possible. The results of the case study demonstrate the applicability/superiority of the proposed approach. Some economic measures are also recommended to further reduce the total strengthening cost.