• 물과 미래
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.193-201
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• 1988

토양수분 특성함수의 고차 scanning 커브에 대한 간략한 모델을 개발하였다. Mualem의 개념적 이력모델을 고차 scanning 커브에 대하여 간략하게 변형시켰다. 즉, 고차 건조곡선에 대하여는 마지막 회향점을 연직하향으로 이동시켜 주습윤곡선과 만나는 점을 회향점으로 하는 일차건조곡선으로 간주하였다. 또, 고차 습윤곡선에 대하여는 마지막 회향점을 지나는 가상의 주건조곡선에서 출발하는 일차습윤곡선으로 간주하였다. 이 간략한 모델을 사용하여 이차 scanning 커브에 대하여 계산한 토양 함수량과 Mualem의 모델을 이용해서 구한 토양 함수량을 비교하였다. 그 결과 두 모델 사이의 절대오차는 비교적 작았으며, 간략한 모델이 Mualem 모델보다 고차 건조시에는 항상 낮게, 고차 습윤시에는 항상 높게 함수량을 추정하였다. 따라서 건조와 습윤을 반복하는 경우 오차는 서로 상쇄된다. 본 연구에서 개발된 간략한 모델이 고차 scanning 커브에서의 토양 함수량을 잘 추정하였으며 계산과정을 많이 감소시켰다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.277-282
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• 2003

In this paper we propose Using Higher Order Neuron on the Supervised Learning Machine of the Kohonen Feature Map. The architecture of proposed model adopts the higher order neuron in the input layer of Kohonen Feature Map as a Supervised Learning Machine. It is able to estimate boundary on input pattern space because or the higher order neuron. However, it suffers from a problem that the number of neuron weight increases because of the higher order neuron in the input layer. In this time, we solved this problem by placing the second order neuron among the higher order neuron. The feature of the higher order neuron can be mapped similar inputs on the Kohonen Feature Map. It also is the network with topological mapping. We have simulated the proposed model in respect of the recognition rate by XOR problem, discrimination of 20 alphabet patterns, Mirror Symmetry problem, and numerical letters Pattern Problem.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2007

In the present study, a spline finite strip with higher-order shear deformation is formulated for the stability and free vibration analysis of composite plates. The analysis is conducted based on Reddy's third-order shear deformation theory, Touratier's "Sine" model, Afaq's exponential model and Cho's higher-order zigzag laminate theory. Consequently, the shear correction coefficients are not required in the analysis, and an improved accuracy for thick laminates is achieved. The numerical results, based on different shear deformation theories, are presented in comparison with the three-dimensional elasticity solutions. The effects of length-to-thickness ratio, fibre orientation, and boundary conditions on the critical buckling loads and natural frequencies are investigated through numerical examples.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2006

The nonlinear damping force model is made to identify the properties of the ER (electro-rheological) fluid suspension damper. The instrumentation is carried out to measure the damping force of the ER damper. The higher order spectral analysis method is used to investigate the nonlinear frequency coupling phenomena with the damping force signal according to the sinusoidal excitation of the damper. The distinctive higher order nonlinear characteristics are observed. The nonlinear damping force model, which has the higher order velocity terms, is proposed with the result of higher order spectrum analysis. The higher order terms coefficients, which vary according to the strength of the electric field, are calculated using the least square method.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.109-125
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 지리과에서의 고급사고력 신장을 위한 교수-학습 모형 개발을 개발하고 현장에 적용해 보는 것이다. 논문의 목적을 달성하기 위해 고급사고력 신장과 관련된 문헌을 검토하고 고급사고력신장에 있어서 역할놀이의 교육적 의의와 활용에 대해 논의하였다. 고급사고력은 새로운 상황에 직면했을 때 독창적으로 문제를 해결하려고 하는 정신작용으로, 본고에서는 고급사고력을 문제해결과 의사결정능력, 창의적 사고, 비판적 사고, 메타인지로 구분하였다. 다양한 교수-학습 모형의 적용을 통하여 학생들은 창의적 사고, 비판적 사고, 문제해결과 의사결정능력, 메타인지 등 고급사고력을 신장시킬 수 있다. 본고에서는 고급사고력 신장을 위한 교수-학습 모형 중 하나로 역할놀이를 10학년 사회교과서 중 환경관련 단원 (IV. 환경문제와 지역문제)을 사례로 개발하였다. 개발한 역할놀이 교수-학습 모형을 서울시내 고등학교 1학년 학생을 대상으로 현장에 적용하였다. 역할놀이에 참여한 학생들은 주어진 지리적 문제 상황에 맞는 역할극을 실연해 보고 관찰한 것을 바탕으로 서로의 예측 결과를 공유하고 토론하고 일반화함으로써 문제해결과 의사결정, 창의적 사고, 비판적 사고, 메타인지 등 고급사고력을 신장시킬 수 있고 가치관, 태도 등 기능적$\cdot$정의적 영역도 향상시킬 수 있다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.374-381
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• 2023

In a previous study, 'response surface methodology (RSM) using a fullest balanced model' was proposed to improve the optimization of food processing when a standard second-order model has a significant lack of fit. However, that methodology can be used when each factor of the experimental design has five levels. In response surface experiments for optimization, not only five-level designs, but also three-level designs are used. Therefore, the present study aimed to improve the optimization of food processing when the experimental factors have three levels through a new approach to RSM. This approach employs three-step modeling based on a second-order model, a balanced higher-order model, and a balanced highest-order model. The dataset from the experimental data in a three-level, two-factor central composite design in a previous research was used to illustrate three-step modeling and the subsequent optimization. The proposed approach to RSM predicted improved results of optimization, which are different from the predicted optimization results in the previous research.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.3204-3220
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• 2021

We perform the task of video object segmentation by incorporating a conditional random field (CRF) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Most methods employ a CRF to refine a coarse output from fully convolutional networks. Others treat the inference process of the CRF as a recurrent neural network and then combine CNNs and the CRF into an end-to-end model for video object segmentation. In contrast to these methods, we propose a novel higher-order CRF model to solve the problem of video object segmentation. Specifically, we use CNNs to establish a higher-order dependence among pixels, and this dependence can provide critical global information for a segmentation model to enhance the global consistency of segmentation. In general, the optimization of the higher-order energy is extremely difficult. To make the problem tractable, we decompose the higher-order energy into two parts by utilizing auxiliary variables and then solve it by using an iterative process. We conduct quantitative and qualitative analyses on multiple datasets, and the proposed method achieves competitive results.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2024

This study analyzed the impact of Higher-order resources on profit sustainability for domestic companies using a mathematical statistical model. Higher-order resources refer to resources that do not directly affect profits but influence other resources that directly contribute to profits. As a result of analysis using 30 years of actual data from more than 650 domestic companies, the average duration of competitive advantage including high-order resources was found to be about twice as long as the period suggested by the autoregressive model excluding high-order resources. Through this, if companies want to earn more profits over a long period of time than their competitors, they must not only possess resources that are more valuable, rare, difficult to imitate, and non-substitutable compared to their competitors, but also that higher-order resources can contribute to changes in these resources over time. It was confirmed that it must lead the long-term profit difference. High-level resources include strategic planning, mergers and acquisitions (M&A) capabilities, and good forecasting.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.719-734
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• 2018

An image restoration problem with Poisson noise arises in many applications of medical imaging, astronomy, and microscopy. To overcome ill-posedness, Total Variation (TV) model is commonly used owing to edge preserving property. Since staircase artifacts are observed in restored smooth regions, higher-order TV regularization is introduced. However, sharpness of edges in the image is also attenuated. To compromise benefits of TV and higher-order TV, the weighted sum of the non-convex TV and non-convex higher order TV is used as a regularizer in the proposed variational model. The proposed model is non-convex and non-smooth, and so it is very challenging to solve the model. We propose an iterative reweighted algorithm with the proximal linearized alternating direction method of multipliers to solve the proposed model and study convergence properties of the algorithm.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제65권4호
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• pp.465-476
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• 2018

This article investigates buckling behavior of a multi-phase nanocrystalline nanobeam resting on Winkler-Pasternak foundation in the framework of nonlocal couple stress elasticity and a higher order refined beam model. In this model, the essential measures to describe the real material structure of nanocrystalline nanobeams and the size effects were incorporated. This non-classical nanobeam model contains couple stress effect to capture grains micro-rotations. Moreover, the nonlocal elasticity theory is employed to study the nonlocal and long-range interactions between the particles. The present model can degenerate into the classical model if the nonlocal parameter, and couple stress effects are omitted. Hamilton's principle is employed to derive the governing equations and the related boundary conditions which are solved applying an analytical approach. The buckling loads are compared with those of nonlocal couple stress-based beams. It is showed that buckling loads of a nanocrystalline nanobeam depend on the grain size, grain rotations, porosities, interface, elastic foundation, shear deformation, surface effect, nonlocality and boundary conditions.