• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.929-938
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• 2020

This study analyzes the effect of quality of services provided to the students' in relation to their satisfaction and loyalty. Respondents in this study were seventh semester students of Universitas Muslim Nusantara Al-Washliyah, the total number of students was 312. Data analysis techniques in this study used was SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) using the SmartPLS program. The results showed that students' satisfaction significantly mediated the correlation between academics and students' loyalty, between non-academic and students' loyalty, between reputation and students' loyalty, and between campus access and students' loyalty; on the other hand, students' satisfaction was not significant in mediating the correlation between program issues and students' loyalty. The findings suggest that it is necessary to improve the quality of lecturers to improve students' academic abilities and communication skills. As far as non-academic aspects are concerned, conducting training and development efforts and increasing awareness programs for administrative staff is important. For the reputation aspect, to carry out several marketing campaigns which predict to have an effect upon students in building positive perceptions of campus has to be executed as well. Meanwhile for access aspect, it should be made certain that every student can have direct access to staff employees, and it is necessary to improve dimensions which can increase students' satisfaction so that students are convinced of their choice of campus and then they are likely to recommend their chosen university and spread positive things about their institutions.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.197-205
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• 2021

This study aims to investigate factors influencing customer behavior towards nylon bags and single-use plastics. These factors are environmental protection awareness, health protection awareness, sense of responsibility, expectations, and green marketing. A quantitative method with the use of surveys is deployed to collect data of young people under 30, generating 1650 valid responses. The collected data is then analyzed with SPSS 22, using Cronbach's Alpha and Exploratory Factor Analysis to test the reliability of the model before validating the hypotheses by regression analysis. The study found that the majority of respondents are inclined to use plastic bags, despite their environmental awareness. The results also demonstrate that health consciousness, environmental concerns, self-driven responsibility for the sustainability of young people have a significant impact on their behaviors in using nylon bags and plastic products, whereas expectation and green marketing are confirmed not to be the factors. The study suggests that if green marketing is to gain higher influence, an increase in research and development to support other environmentally friendly packaging would be the right path. Finally, this research proposes some feasible recommendations for the government, which include imposing bolder and more targeted environmental policies on consumers and introducing educational campaigns to raise awareness about minimizing plastic consumption.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of economic uncertainty on MNC investment in Malaysia from 2009 to 2019 by employing an ARDL method. The results revealed that Economic Policy Uncertainty (EPU) has a positive association with the capital expenditures of Nestle, British American Tobacco, and Public Bank in the long run. In a similar period, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is positively significant with the capital expenditures of British America Tobacco and Heineken. However, inflation is negatively related to the capital expenditures of British America Tobacco and Heineken. Additionally, the exchange rate has a significant and negative relationship with the capital expenditures of Nestle and Petronas, while the ECT value is negative and significant in the short run, hence confirming that co-integration exists. In view of this, it is imperative that the government plays a prerogative role to support MNC operations, as MNCs foster the developing countries' economic development through facilitating full employment. This study sets to enhance the personal knowledge of those with a strong interest in the Malaysian financial market. As long as MNCs believe that the Malaysian market has the potential to grow, they will continue to invest for the benefit of the country.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.667-673
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• 2021

This causal quantitative research aims to investigate the influence of factors that determine the performance of employees in Indonesian universities. The factors are crucial for organizations in the achievement of their goals. Based on theoretical studies, three independent variables, namely, training, personality, and work motivation were tested for their influence on employee performance, which was the dependent variable. Primary data were obtained from 94 respondents of a total population of 122 individuals at the Education Quality Assurance Institute (LPMP) in Banten Province, Indonesia. They were tested by the normality test using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov approach to ensure their normally distributed population and the linearity test to measure the significant linear relationship between the two variables. There are five hypotheses in this study. Each hypothesis tested by the F-test to determine the significant effect of all independent variables on the dependent variable, and t-test to analyze the effect. The results of this study answered all hypotheses of the research model. There is a positive direct effect of training and personality on work motivation. Both training and personality also affect positively employee performance. Another finding of this study is that employee performance is positively and directly affected by work motivation.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.365-371
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• 2021

In the wake of several high-profile corporate accounting scandals, there has been evidence that companies are more eager to hire Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) with an accounting background. This signals that CEOs with an accounting background are recognized and trusted by the corporate world to boost the quality of financial reporting of a company. If it is so, in the context of combating the earnings management, hiring CEOs with an accounting background (being a conservative accounting practitioner), could become one of the effective internal corporate governance mechanisms (CGM) to bring down the earnings management activities. This study attempts to provide insight into the level of conservatism of the CEO with an accounting background. Following Basu (1997) and Khan and Watt (2009), the firm-year measure of conservatism (C_Score) was obtained, which later was associated with the accounting education of the CEO to determine their relationship. As expected, CEOs with accounting background exhibit a higher level of moral reasoning than their non - accounting educated counterparts. The finding of this study is useful to persuade the policymaker to consider lifting the trend of hiring a CEO with an accounting background as one of the best practices that the companies can work out to lessen earnings management activities.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.507-515
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• 2021

Knowledge-Worker Productivity (KWP) has been influenced by Knowledge Management Process (KMP); however, past studies derived inconsistent findings of the relationship between the two variables. Additionally, the effect of KMP on KWP in the context of universities in Sri Lanka has not been adequately studied. Therefore, this present study aims to fill that gap by examining KMP elements' effect, namely knowledge creation, knowledge sharing, and usage on KWP, specifically the timeliness, proficiency, and independence of employees. This study also examines the role of employee engagements (i.e., intellectual, social, and affective) in mediating the effect of KMP on KWP. The questionnaire survey method was utilized to collect data from relevant university employees, i.e., lecturers, senior lecturers, and professors, whereby 264 valid responses were used in the analysis. The associations between KMP, Employee Engagement, and KWP were analyzed using the path analysis and bootstrapping methods. The outcomes demonstrated positive correlations between all three variables. Employee Engagement was shown to have a partial mediating effect on the KMP-KWP association. The general conclusion is that KWP is influenced by its capacity to increase employee engagement via KMP.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.517-527
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• 2021

While the two principles of lean manufacturing and time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) have been established out of multiple incentives and do not follow the same particular targets, there is substantial commonality between them. In these conditions, the supply management of a multi-product system needs a rigorous production model to minimize costs. In this sense, this paper proposes an interactive model with the consideration of optimizing product-mix decisions using both lean development tools and TDABC. This paper proposes a qualitative approach using the case study of the Iraqi state company for battery production. The suggested model decreased manufacturing time and costs, along with some substantial reduction in idle production capacity by 26 percent in 2019, based on the findings of the case study. On the other hand, the proposed model gives two side advantages: an efficient division of costs on goods due to the use of time spent as a cost factor for products and cost savings due to the introduction of the lean manufacturing approach that reduces all additional costs and increases product-mix decisions. Furthermore, the analytical data gathered here suggests that the incorporation of lean management concepts and TDABC has a strong and important influence on product-mix decisions.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.8
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• pp.251-258
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• 2021

In recent years, there have been several studies on service quality in higher education, however, research on service quality and sustainable activities affecting student loyalty has been largely ignored in previous studies. This paper investigates the role of service quality in creating student loyalty, and how university sustainability practices and student satisfaction mediate the relationship between service quality and student loyalty. The paper draws attention to university sustainability practices and understanding its impact on student satisfaction and loyalty in Vietnamese public universities. A quantitative methodology is explored, and data was collected through an online structured questionnaire. Responses are gathered from 278 students of public universities in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Structural equation modeling is used to examine the associations between the constructs by using the PLS-SEM approach. The results show that service quality has a significant effect on university sustainability practices, student satisfaction, and student loyalty. In addition, university sustainability practices and student satisfaction also mediate the relationship between service quality and student loyalty. The author's findings may guide the key decision-makers in universities to incorporate service quality and universities' sustainability practices in their strategy and thereby improve student satisfaction and student loyalty.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.8
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• pp.453-463
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• 2021

The current study aims to investigate the relationship between CSRD and firm performance, as an indicator for corporate socially responsible behavior, and corporate market performance of listed companies on the Amman stock exchange (ASE). The study adopts a quantitative methodology and utilizes pooled data sets that was collected following content analysis approach of the annual reports for the period 2014 to 2019. The study sample consists of 42 listed companies. The study ran a multiple regression model in order to capture the relationship between the independent variable CSRD and the dependent variable that is Firm performance which was measured using Tobin's Q. The study also utilized five control variables in order to control the hypothesized relationship between CSRD and Firm Performance. The results indicate a negative but significant relationship between CSRD and corporate market performance measured by Tobin's Q. The results stand against the notion of the business case for CSR, and indicate the opposite position, so, the higher CSRD, the lower will be Tobin's Q. Such results support the notion of the institutional theory, and provide an initial evidence for legitimacy seeking behavior in Jordanian companies. However, the results indicate a lower level of awareness of CSR across investors and market players, which support arguments of the difference in market perceptions towards CSR.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1246-1262
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• 2021

Recent studies have demonstrated the strong ability of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to significantly boost the performance in single image super-resolution (SISR). The key concern is how to efficiently recover and utilize diverse information frequencies across multiple network layers, which is crucial to satisfying super-resolution image reconstructions. Hence, previous work made great efforts to potently incorporate hierarchical frequencies through various sophisticated architectures. Nevertheless, economical SISR also requires a capable structure design to balance between restoration accuracy and computational complexity, which is still a challenge for existing techniques. In this paper, we tackle this problem by proposing a competent architecture called Enhanced U-Net Network (EUN), which can yield ready-to-use features in miscellaneous frequencies and combine them comprehensively. In particular, the proposed building block for EUN is enhanced from U-Net, which can extract abundant information via multiple skip concatenations. The network configuration allows the pipeline to propagate information from lower layers to higher ones. Meanwhile, the block itself is committed to growing quite deep in layers, which empowers different types of information to spring from a single block. Furthermore, due to its strong advantage in distilling effective information, promising results are guaranteed with comparatively fewer filters. Comprehensive experiments manifest our model can achieve favorable performance over that of state-of-the-art methods, especially in terms of computational efficiency.