• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.300-306
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• 2021

IT기술의 발달로 인해 최근 IoT 장비에 적용되는 하드웨어 기술이 저비용, 고성능 RF 및 연산장치를 사용한 스마트 시스템들로 변화되고 있다. 그러나 방대한 양의 IoT 장비들이 설치된 인프라 환경에서 빅데이터 수집은 전송되는 데이터간 병목현상으로 인해 수집 서버의 부하가 발생한다. 이로인해 데이터수집 서버로 전송되는 데이터는 패킷 손실 및 데이터 처리율 감소 현상이 발생한다. 따라서 방대한 양의 IoT 장비들이 설치된 인프라 환경에서 효율적인 빅데이터 수집 기법이 필요하다. 이에 본 논문에서는 방대한 양의 IoT 장비들이 설치된 인프라 환경에서 효율적인 빅데이터 수집 기법을 제안한다. 성능평가 결과, 제안하는 기법의 패킷 손실 및 데이터 처리율은 전송되는 파일의 손실없이 전송이 완료된다. 향후 본 설계를 기반으로 시스템이 구현이 필요하다.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제11A권5호
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• pp.355-364
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• 2004

인터넷이 새로운 산업의 형태로 발전하면서 웹사이트에 클러스터링 기술을 많이 적용하고 있다. 고성능 하드웨어 스위치를 사용하면 성능이 우수하지만 중소형 사이트를 구성하는 데에는 비용 부담이 많이 된다. 최근에는 무료이면서 성능이 뛰어난 리눅스 가상 서버(Linux Virtual Server)를 이용한 클러스터를 많이 구축하고 있다. 그러나 리눅스 가상 서버는 하나의 전면서버를 가지는 중앙집중식 부하분배 구조이므로 사용자 요청의 급격한 증가로 병목현상을 일으킬 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 다수의 전면서버를 두어 리눅스 가상 서버의 병목현상을 없애는 방법을 제안한다. 모든 클러스터 노드들은 전면서버와 후면서버의 역할을 모두 할 수 있도록 구성한다. 서버의 부하가 많지 않으면 자기 노드에서 직접 처리하여 사용자에게 응답할 수 있도록 하고, 부하가 많은 경우 부하가 가장 작은 노드를 선택하여 사용자 요청을 전달한다 그리고 클러스터 서버들의 부하를 고려한 스케줄링 알고리즘을 제안하여 서버들 사이의 부하를 고르게 한다. 실험결과 기존 웹 서버 클러스터들은 서버의 수가 증가하면서 성능향상 폭이 감소하지만, 본 논문에서 제안한 웹 서버 클러스터는 선형적으로 증가하는 것을 보였다. 리눅스 가상 서버 환경에서 다수의 전면서버를 구성함으로써 병목현상을 없애고, 비용 부담이 없고 고성능의 중소형 사이트를 구축할 수 있다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.14-20
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• 2018

Biomedical research involving nanoparticles has produced useful products with medical applications. However, the potential toxicity of nanoparticles in biofluids, cells, tissues, and organisms is a major challenge. The '-omics' analyses provide molecular profiles of multifactorial biological systems instead of focusing on a single molecule. The 'omics' approaches are necessary to evaluate nanotoxicity because classical methods for the detection of nanotoxicity have limited ability in detecting miniscule variations within a cell and do not accurately reflect the actual levels of nanotoxicity. In addition, the 'omics' approaches allow analyses of in-depth changes and compensate for the differences associated with high-throughput technologies between actual nanotoxicity and results from traditional cytotoxic evaluations. However, compared with a single omics approach, integrated omics provides precise and sensitive information by integrating complex biological conditions. Thus, these technologies contribute to extended safety evaluations of nanotoxicity and allow the accurate diagnoses of diseases far earlier than was once possible in the nanotechnology era. Here, we review a novel approach for evaluating nanotoxicity by integrating metabolomics with metabolomic profiling and transcriptomics, which is termed "metabotranscriptomics."

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.369-390
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• 2023

Technologies for disaster management are highly sought areas for research and commercial deployment. Landslides, Flood, cyclones, earthquakes, forest fires and road/train accidents are some causes of disasters. Capturing video and accessing data in real time from the disaster site can help first responders make split second decisions which may save human lives and valuable resource destructions. In this context the communication technologies performing the task should have high bandwidth and low latency which only 5G can deliver. But unfortunately in India, deployment of the 5G mobile communication systems is yet to give a shape and again in remote areas unavailability of 4G signals is still severe. In this situation the authors have proposed, simulated and experimented a 4G-5G communication scheme where from the disaster site the signals will be transmitted by a 5G terminal to a nearby 4G-5G gateway installed in a mobile vehicle. The received 5G signal will be further relayed by the 4G-5G gateway to the fixed 4G base station for onward transmission towards the disaster management station for decision making, deployment and relief monitoring. The 4G-5G gateway acts as a relay and converter of 5G signal to 4G signal and vice versa. This relayed system can be further mounted on a vehicle mounted relay (VMR) as proposed by 3GPP in Release 18. The scheme is also in the same line of context with Verizon's, "Tactical Humanitarian Operations Response" (THOR) vehicle concept. The performance of the link is studied in different channel conditions, the throughput achieved is superb. The authors have implemented the above mentioned system towards smart campus networking and monitoring landslides activities which are common in their regions.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.129-135
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• 2013

Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In advanced and metastatic gastric cancer, the conventional chemotherapy with limited efficacy shows an overall survival period of about 10 months. Patient specific and effective treatments known as personalized cancer therapy is of significant importance. Advances in high-throughput technologies such as microarray and next generation sequencing for genes, protein expression profiles and oncogenic signaling pathways have reinforced the discovery of treatment targets and personalized treatments. However, there are numerous challenges from cancer target discoveries to practical clinical benefits. Although there is a flood of biomarkers and target agents, only a minority of patients are tested and treated accordingly. Numerous molecular target agents have been under investigation for gastric cancer. Currently, targets for gastric cancer include the epidermal growth factor receptor family, mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor axis, and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-AKT-mammalian target of rapamycin pathways. Deeper insights of molecular characteristics for gastric cancer has enabled the molecular classification of gastric cancer, the diagnosis of gastric cancer, the prediction of prognosis, the recognition of gastric cancer driver genes, and the discovery of potential therapeutic targets. Not only have we deeper insights for the molecular diversity of gastric cancer, but we have also prospected both affirmative potentials and hurdles to molecular diagnostics. New paradigm of transdisciplinary team science, which is composed of innovative explorations and clinical investigations of oncologists, geneticists, pathologists, biologists, and bio-informaticians, is mandatory to recognize personalized target therapy.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2006년도 6th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.1533-1536
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• 2006

A novel single cell gap transflective liquid crystal display was developed. By using the ink jet printing technology, we fabricated a transflective liquid crystal display with the hybrid alignment in the reflective region and the homogeneous alignment in the transmission region. Compared with the traditional technologies, our technology provided the advantages of easy process, high yield, fast throughput, and less material usage. We also applied this technology to the 2.4 inch prototype. This panel could be implemented in the handheld product applications.

• BMB Reports
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.517-525
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• 2005

Solid phase peptide synthesis method, which was introduced by Merrifield in 1963, has spawned the concept of combinatorial chemistry. In this review, we summarize the present technologies of solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) that are related to combinatorial chemistry. The conventional methods of peptide library synthesis on polymer support are parallel synthesis, split and mix synthesis and reagent mixture synthesis. Combining surface chemistry with the recent technology of microelectronic semiconductor fabrication system, the peptide microarray synthesis methods on a planar solid support are developed, which leads to spatially addressable peptide library. There are two kinds of peptide microarray synthesis methodologies: pre-synthesized peptide immobilization onto a glass or membrane substrate and in situ peptide synthesis by a photolithography or the SPOT method. This review also discusses the application of peptide libraries for high-throughput bioassays, for example, peptide ligand screening for antibody or cell signaling, enzyme substrate and inhibitor screening as well as other applications.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.4618-4639
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• 2018

One of the most innovative paradigms for the next-generation of wireless cellular networks is the cloud-radio access networks (C-RANs). In C-RANs, base station functions are distributed between the remote radio heads (RHHs) and base band unit (BBU) pool, and a communication link is defined between them which is referred as the fronthaul. This leveraging link is expected to reduce the CAPEX (capital expenditure) and OPEX (operating expense) of envisioned cellular architectures as well as improves the spectral and energy efficiencies, provides the high scalability, and efficient mobility management capabilities. The fronthaul link carries the baseband signals between the RRHs and BBU pool using the digital radio over fiber (RoF) based common public radio interface (CPRI). CPRI based optical links imposed stringent synchronization, latency and throughput requirements on the fronthaul. As a result, fronthaul becomes a hinder in commercial deployments of C-RANs and is seen as one of a major bottleneck for backbone networks. The optimization of fronthaul is still a challenging issue and requires further exploration at industrial and academic levels. This paper comprehensively summarized the current challenges and requirements of fronthaul networks, and discusses the recently proposed system architectures, virtualization techniques, key transport technologies and compression schemes to carry the time-sensitive traffic in fronthaul networks.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제29권8B호
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• pp.762-770
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• 2004

오늘날 무선 통신 기술의 급속한 발전과 이동 단말의 소형화, 고성능화가 실현됨에 따라 이동 중 데이터 통신이 가능하도록 하기 위한 연구가 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 실시간 응용 프로그램의 사용이 늘어나면서, 이를 이동 단말에서 원활하게 제공받기 위해서는 이동 단말의 이동성을 효율적으로 관리하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 IETF에서 개발한 Mobile IPv6를 기반으로 지역적 이동성 기능을 제공하기 위하여 이동 노드의 기능을 강화한 방안을 제안하고 해석적 분석과 모의실험을 통하여 성능을 분석하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 방안은 이동단말이 외부 도메인 내에서 핸드오프 시 바인딩 메시지를 지역 내에서 처리하여 자신의 위치를 갱신하는 시간을 감소시킴으로써 Mobile IPv6보다 패킷 손실을 줄이고 TCP 처리율을 높임을 알 수 있었다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.3594-3610
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• 2015

Recent advancements in broadband wireless communication technologies enable mobile users to receive video streaming services with various smart devices. The long term evolution (LTE) network provides high bandwidth and low latency for several emerging mobile applications. This paper proposes the buffer aware scheduling (BAS) approach to schedule the downlink video traffic in LTE network. The proposed BAS scheme applies the weighting function to heuristically adjust the scheduling priority by considering the buffer status and channel condition of UE so as to reduce the time that UE stays in the connected state without receiving data. Both of 1080P and 2160P resolution video streaming sources were applied for exhaustive simulations to examine the performance of the proposed scheme by comparing to that of the fair bandwidth (FB) and the best channel quality indicator (CQI) schemes. The simulation results indicate that the proposed BAS scheme not only achieves better performance in power saving, streaming delivery time, and throughput than the FB scheme while maintaining the similar performance as the best CQI scheme in light traffic load. Specifically, the proposed scheme reduces streaming delivery time and generates less signaling overhead than the best CQI scheme when the traffic load is heavy.