• 한방비만학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Gabyeobda tea (GT) on anti-inflammation in ice induced high fat diet (HFD). Methods: The C57BL/6 mice fed HFD were administrated with GT once daily for 8 weeks. The changes of body weight, calorie intake levels were measured in mice. The level of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) were measured in mice by enzyme-based assay. It was also observed the histological changes of liver, and fat tissues with hematoxylin and eosin staining. Further real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were employed to detect inflammatory cytokine levels such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-𝛼, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1𝛽. Results: HFD+GT group, which was administered with GT with HFD, showed no body weight gain compared with HFD group. However, levels of GOT, GPT, and inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-𝛼, IL-6, and IL-1𝛽 in the blood of HFD+GT group were significantly reduced compared with HFD group. In addition, the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression level of the IL-12 gene was significantly reduced and the mRNA expression level of the IL-10 was increased in the liver. Conclusions: It suggests that Gabyeobda tea can alleviate inflammatory responses induced by high fat diet by inhibiting inflammatory cytokines production.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.1199-1205
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• 2009

The purpose of this case-control study was done to examine the relationship among the cerebral infarction, blood lipids and homocysteine. We compared the components of blood lipids and homocysteine between cerebral infarction patients group (n=127) and controls group (n=158). We performed Pearson's chi-square test and Student's t-test for univariate analysis, Binary logistic regression for multivariate analysis to evaluate risk factors of cerebral infarction and Pearson's correlation analysis to investigate correlation between blood lipids and homocysteine. The results were as follows. The blood levels of High density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-Chol) and Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-Chol) were significantly lower in patients group, while age, the blood levels of Triglyceride(TG) and homocysteine were significantly higher in patients group. Hypertension had a 4.62 odds ratio, $TG{\geq}150\;mg/d{\ell}$ had a 2.33 odds ratio, HDL-Chol ${\leq}40\;mg/d{\ell}$ had a 6.85 odds ratio, but sex, DM, T-Chol, LDL-Chol had no direct relationship with odds ratio(non significant). In addition, among T-Chol and TG , HDL-Chol, LDL-Chol, they had positive correlation each other. Between TG and HDL-Chol had negative correlation each other. Homocysteine was not correlated with blood lipids adjusted for age and sex. These results suggest that low HDL-Chol and high TG may be risk factor of cerebral infarction. The correlation between homocysteine and blood lipids was not proven.y urther reserch on the subject is needed.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.289-294
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• 2008

Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1), which is located on chromosome 1q23, was recently reported to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We examined whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the PBX1 gene are associated with overweight/obesity in a Korean population. We genotyped 66 SNPs in the PBX1 gene and investigated their association with clinical phenotypes found in 214 overweight/obese subjects and 160 control subjects using the Affymetrix Targeted Genotyping chip array. Seven SNPs (g.+75l86C>T, g.+78350C>A, g.+80646C>T, g.+138004C>T, g.+185219G>A, g.+191272A>C, and g.+265317T>A) were associated with the risk of obesity in three models (codominant, dominant, and recessive) (P=0.007-0.05). Haplotype 1 (CAC) and 3 (TAC) of block 3 and haplotype 2 (GGAAT) of block 10 were also strongly associated with the risk of obesity. In the control group, subjects that had homozygote for the major allele for both g.+185219G>A and g.+191272A>C showed lower high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) level compared to those possessing the minor allele, suggesting that the association between the homozygote for the major allele for both g.+185219G>A and g.+191272A>C and HDL-C is attributable to the increased risk of obesity. This study suggests that the PBX1 gene is a possible risk factor in overweight/obese patients.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2022

담석증의 원인으로 잘 알려진 위험 요소는 고령의 나이, 여성성별, 비만, 대사증후군, 제주 이주민이다. 많은 젊은 성인들이 교통이 원활하고 상업 활동이 활발한 제주시에 사는 경향이 있다. 반면에 고령자들은 어업과 농업에 종사하기 때문에 서귀포에 많이 거주하는 경향이 있다. 이주민과 고령자의 비율은 두 지역 거주자의 담석증 유병률에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 따라서 이 연구의 목적은 제주도 두 지역 거주민들에서 담석증 유병률과 임상적으로 연관된 위험인자들을 비교해 보고자 하는 것이다. 이 연구는 2012년 1월부터 2019년 12월까지 제주도에 소재한 단일 건강검진센터에서 검진을 시행한 13,050명을 대상으로 하였고 거주자들의 주소지에 따라 분석하였다. 제주도 거주민들의 담석증 유병률은 제주시 거주민들에서 5.7%, 서귀포시 거주민들에서 5.8%였다. 다변량 분석에서 연령 (P=0.008), 체질량지수 (P=0.044), 고밀도지질단백질-콜레스테롤 (P=0.006) 및 감마-글루타밀전이효소 (P=0.013)가 담석증에 영향을 미치는 독립적인 요인이었다. 고령, 평균 체질량지수, 감마-글루타밀전이효소 및 낮은 고밀도지질단백질-콜레스테롤은 담석증의 독립적인 위험인자였다. 그러나 거주지는 담석증의 유병률에 영향을 미치지 않았다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.836-845
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• 2005

Atherosclerosis, which is a degenerative vascular disease, is believed to occur in the blood vessels due to deposition of cholesterol or low density lipoprotein (LDL). Atherosclerotic lumen narrowing causes reduction of blood flow due to hemodynamic features. Several hypothetical theories related to the hemodynamic effects have been reported : high shear stress theory, low shear stress theory, high shear stress gradient theory, flow separation and turbulence theory, and high pressure theory. However, no one theory clearly explains, the causes of atherosclerosis. The objective of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of the generation of atherosclerosis. In the study, the database of Korean carotid and coronary arteries for geometrical and hemodynamic clinical data was established. The atherosclerotic sites were predicted by the computer simulations. The results of the computer simulation were compared with the in vivo experimental results, and then the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by using the clinical data and several hypothetical theories were investigated. From the investigation, it was concluded carefully that the mechanism of the generation of atherosclerosis was related to the hemodynamic effects such as flow separation and oscillatory wall shear stress on the vessel walls.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.28-34
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• 2005

To examine the combined effects of a high-protein diet and aerobic exercise on body weight and composition and blood lipid profiles in overweight women, 30 young women were recruited and placed into three groups: The high-protein diet and exercise group (HPE), the exercise-only group (EXO) and the control group (CON) (30$\pm$3%, 27$\pm$2%, and 29$\pm$3% body fat, respectively) for an 8-week experimental period. Daily diet included 25% isolated soybean protein (>90% protein, approximately 400 kcal) combined with each subject s usual diet for the HPE group. The exercise program consisted of aerobic-type exercises undertaken >3 times/wk and for>30 min/session at 50-60% of maximal capacity. Physical fitness, body composition, serum total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and glucose were measured before and after the experiment. Maximal aerobic capacity increased by the end of experiment in both the HPE (from 27.2$\pm$3.5 to 35.l$\pm$5.9 ml/kg/min, p<0.01) and EXO (from 30.3$\pm$5.4 to 33.8$\pm$3.8 mㅣ/kg/min, p<0.05) groups. Percent body fat decreased by 3.3% (p<0.01) in the HPE group and by 1.5% (p<0.05) in the EXO group by the end of the experiment, but not in the CON group. Lower back strength and agility increased only in the HPE group. In the HPE group, TC decreased from 168$\pm$20 to 155$\pm$18 mg/dL and HDL-C increased from 57$\pm$l0 to 61$\pm$9 mg/dL in HPE (p<0.01). But TC and HDL-C did not change in the EXO and CON groups. TG and glucose did not vary among the groups. Although the EXO group showed a similar outcome to that of the HPE group, a favorable change in body composition and blood lipids as well as an improvement in aerobic capacity was more marginal in the latter group.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2018

Objectives This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of Seungyangjeseup-tang on obesity by using 3T3-L1 cells and high fat diet mice. Methods In vitro, Seungyangjeseup-tang extract (SYJST) (10, 50, 100, 200, 400, $800{\mu}g/mL$) ware added in 3T3-L1 cells. SYJST cytotoxicity was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assasy. Adipocyte differentiation was measured by Oil Red-O staining. In vivo, the experimental animals were divided into five groups: normal diet-fed normal group (N), high-fat diet (HFD)-fed control group (Con), HFD+SYJST 100 mg/kg group (SY100), HFD+SYJST 200 mg/kg group (SY200), and HFD+olistat 60 mg/kg as a positive drug control group (Orli). Markers of obesity, such as body weight, liver weight, food intake, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), liver tissue TC, TG and fecal TC, TG were measured. Results In vitro, cytotoxicity was not significant compared with the control group. 3T3-L1 cell's differentiation was significantly decreased in Oil Red-O staining. In vivo, compared with controls, mice treated with SYJST demonstrate lower body and liver weight, and reduced food intake. In addition, SYJST increased TC, TG in the serum but not significance. And SYJST showed decreasing tendency TC, TG in the liver tissue. Furthermore, SYJST increased TC, TG in the facal but not significance. Conclusions Based on the results above, Seungyangjeseup-tang may reduce adipocyte differentiation, body fat, food intake, liver weight in obesity. This suggests that Seungyangjeseup-tang may be clinically useful in obesity treatment.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.453-459
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• 2013

The abnormal content of blood lipids often results in metabolic diseases, such as hyperlipidemia and obesity. Many agents, including natural sources from traditional food, have been developed to regulate the blood lipid contents. In this study, we examined the anti-hyperlipidemic activity of Rhynchosia nulubilis seeds pickled with brown rice vinegar (RNSpBRV), a Korean traditional pickled soybean food. Since RNSpBRV is made of R. nulubilis seeds (RNS) soaked in brown rice vinegar (BRV), we compared the anti-adipogenic activity between RNS, BRV and solid fraction of RNSpBRV (SF-RNSpBRV), liquid fraction of RNSpBRV (LF-RNSpBRV). For this, the inhibitory effect of lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocyte was checked by adding methanol extracts of mixed RNS and BRV, LF-RNSpBRV, and SF-RNSpBRV. The addition of each methanol extract up to 1 mg/ml showed no cytotoxicity on 3T3-L1 adipocyte, and approximately 20% of the lipid droplet formation was suppressed with the methanol extract of BRL or SF-RNSpBRV. The highest suppression (42.1%) was achieved with LF-RNSpBRV. In addition, mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) supplemented with 5% RNSpBRV powder led to increased high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and lower blood glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol compared to mice fed with a HFD diet only. Interestingly, the size of the epididymis cells gradually decreased in HFD + 1% RNSpBRV and HFD + 5% RNSpBRV-fed mice if compared those of HFD-fed mice. Taken together, these results provide evidence that RNSpBRV has a regulatory role in lipid metabolism that is related to hyperlipidemia.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2020

There has been a lot of interest in medicinal effects for hyperlipidemia from the natural product since the therapy of atherosclerosis has emerged as social concern. Rats were acclimated to the feeding environment for one week and induced to obesity with high fat diet during 4 weeks until their body weight were more than 30% of normal range. To evaluate the effect of hyperlipidemia of mulberry leaf of Morus alba and yacon tuber of Smallanthus sonchifolia extracts (MLYT), 1%, 3%, 5% of MLYT were treated to Sprague-Dawley rats. Aspartate transaminase (AST) was significantly increased 26.2% in high fat diet group (G2) compared to normal diet group (G1) (P<0.05). But AST were significantly decreased in high fat diet with 0.5% hydroxycitric acid diet group (G3) and all the MLYT treated groups compared to G2. Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides and phospholipids were observed significant improvements in the MLYT-treated groups (P<0.05). These improvements in liver and feces were further supported by the lipid content. MLYT remarkably suppressed the level of lipid peroxidation caused by high-fat diet in rats. The level of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase activity. As a result, the proper combination of mulberry leaves and yacon tuber extract will have a synergistic effect on hyperlipidemia. These results indicate that MLYT could be a candidate for the improvement of hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.380-393
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• 2021

This study aimed to determine the blood lipid profiles, fatty acid composition, and lipogenic enzyme activities in rat adipose tissues as affected by the Angus beef fat (ABF) and Hanwoo beef fat (HBF) containing high oleic acid (OA) content. We assigned 60 Sprague Dawley rats with a mean bodyweight of 249 ± 3.04 g to three groups (n = 20 each) to receive diets containing 7% coconut oil (CON), 7% ABF, or 7% HBF. The OA content was highest in the HBF (45.23%) followed by ABF (39.51%) and CON (6.10%). The final body weight of the HBF-fed group was significantly increased, probably due to increased feed intake, indicating the palatability of the diet. The HBF and ABF significantly increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), decreased triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels, and also tended to attenuate glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) levels in the bloodstream of the rats compared to CON. As compared to CON, lauric, myristic, and palmitic acids were significantly lower, and those of OA and α-linolenic acid (ALA) were significantly higher in the adipose tissues of HBF and ABF-fed groups. The HBF and ABF also reduced lipogenesis as induced by depleted fatty acid synthase (FAS) activity in rat adipose tissues. Nevertheless, between the two fats, HBF showed high feed intake due to its high palatability but reduced lipogenic enzyme activity, specifically that of FAS, and increased HDL-C, decreased TC and TG levels in the bloodstream, reduced saturated fatty acids (SFA), and increased oleic and ALA contents in rat adipose tissues indicating that HBF consumption does not pose significant risks of cardiovascular disease.