• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.13-25
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• 2017

The Korean government is pursuing technological development through nearly every government agency, and Korea's growing R&D spending is yielding good results in many fields. With the country moving from the technology development stage to the demonstration stage, it is actively implementing testbed projects to demonstrate developed technologies and services. This is, however, not without problems. There is no consistent systematic system for the testbed projects because government agencies compete against each other in the planning of execution of R&D: they do not work together. The most serious problem is that both testbeds and developed technologies die out due to poor operation management after the completion of test projects. Research should, therefore, be done on operation management and commercialization. However, the government still does not consider the system after the test: it focuses on building testbeds to verify developed technologies. This study intends to determine the basic orientation of operation management to ensure maximum performance, efficiency, and continuity of national projects through intensive analysis of ongoing national R&D testbed projects and examination of success stories of operation management at home and abroad.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.86-91
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• 2003

To develop a new ginseng variety with good quality and high yielding, a lot of individual ginseng plant were selected in the farmers'fields in 1968. Among them, a promising line,680-83-4, has been developed through comparative cultivation of several lines selected with pure line separation from local races in KT&C Central Research Institute, preliminary and advanced yield trials were performed fir 8 years.680-83-4 was designated as KG103, which was then registered as a new variety “Gopoong” with the regional yield and adaptation trials for 10 years (1981-1990) on December 27,2000 in Korea. Gopoong has different phenotype of a dark violet stem and dark red fruit and inverted triangle shape of berries cluster as compared with other varieties. Taproot of Gopoong was longer than local race Jakyungjong, and root yield was 4.5% higher than local race Jakyungjong. In red ginseng quality, the rates of Chun-Jeesam grade(Chun and Jee means 1 st and 2nd grade, respectively) were 16.6% and 9.4% for Gopoong and Jakyungjong, respectively. In these results, it was that Gopoong was superior ginseng line with good quality far manufacture of red ginseng.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.519-523
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• 2003

We report the synthesis of cubic spinel $ZnCo_2$$O_4$thin films and the tunability of the conduction type by control of the oxygen partial pressure ratio. Zinc cobalt oxide films were grown on$ SiO_2$(200 nm)/Si substrates by reactive magnetron sputtering method using Zn and Co metal targets in a mixed Ar/$O_2$atmosphere. We found from X-ray diffraction measurements that the crystal structure of the zinc cobalt oxide films grown under an oxygen-rich condition (the $O_2$/Ar partial pressure ratio of 9/1) changes from wurtzite-type $Zn_{1-x}$ $Co_{X}$O to spinel-type $ZnCo_2$$O_4$with the increase of the Co/Zn sputtering ratio,$ D_{co}$ $D_{zn}$ . We noted that the above structural change accompanied by the variation of the majority electrical conduction type from n-type (electrons) to p-type (holes). For a fixed $D_{co}$ $D_{zn}$ / of 2.0 yielding homogeneous spinel-type $_2$O$ZnCo_4$films, the type of the majority carriers also varied, depending on the$ O_2$/Ar partial pressure ratio: p-type for an $O_2$-rich and n-type for an Ar-rich atmosphere. The maximum electron and hole concentrations for the Zn $Co_2$ $O_4$films were found to be 1.37${\times}$10$^{20}$ c $m^{-3}$ and 2.41${\times}$10$^{20}$ c $m^{-3}$ , respectively, with a mobility of about 0.2 $\textrm{cm}^2$/Vs and a high conductivity of about 1.8 Ω/$cm^{-1}$ /.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.17D no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

Association rule mining techniques enable us to acquire knowledge concerning sales patterns among individual items from voluminous transactional data. Certainly, one of the major purposes of association rule mining is utilizing the acquired knowledge to provide marketing strategies such as catalogue design, cross-selling and shop allocation. However, this requires too much time and high cost to only extract the actionable and profitable knowledge from tremendous numbers of discovered patterns. In currently available literature, a number of interest measures have been devised to accelerate and systematize the process of pattern evaluation. Unfortunately, most of such measures, including support and confidence, are prone to yielding impractical results because they are calculated only from the sales frequencies of items. For instance, traditional measures cannot differentiate between the purchases in a small basket and those in a large shopping cart. Therefore, some adjustment should be made to the size of market baskets because there is a strong possibility that mutually irrelevant items could appear together in a large shopping cart. Contrary to the previous approaches, we attempted to consider market basket's size in calculating interest measures. Because the devised measure assigns different weights to individual purchases according to their basket sizes, we expect that the measure can minimize distortion of results caused by accidental patterns. Additionally, we performed intensive computer simulations under various environments, and we performed real case analyses to analyze the correctness and consistency of the devised measure.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.11D no.6
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• pp.1259-1268
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• 2004

To organize training in limited training area for an actuai combat, realistic training simulation plugged in by various battle conditions is essential. In this paper, we propose a virtual target overlay technique which does not use a virtual image, but Projects a virtual target on ground-based CCD image by appointed scenario for a realistic training simulation. In the proposed method, we create a realistic 3D model (for an instructor) by using high resolution Geographic Tag Image File Format(GeoTIFF) satellite image and Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED), and extract the road area from a given CCD image (for both an instructor and a trainee). Satellite images and ground-based sensor images have many differences in observation position, resolution, and scale, thus yielding many difficulties in feature-based matching. Hence, we propose a moving synchronization technique that projects the target on the sensor image according to the marked moving path on 3D satellite image by applying Thin-Plate Spline(TPS) interpolation function, which is an image warping function, on the two given sets of corresponding control point pair. To show the experimental result of the proposed method, we employed two Pentium4 1.8MHz personal computer systems equipped with 512MBs of RAM, and the satellite and sensor images of Daejoen area are also been utilized. The experimental result revealed the effective-ness of proposed algorithm.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.833-840
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• 1997

Differentiation and degeneration of spikelets in paddy rice has been studied in high yielding Indica$\times$Japonica hybrid cultivar, Milyang 23 and a Japonica type cultivar, Koshihikari. Germinated seeds planted in 5000$^{-1}$ a pots filled with submerged soil and cultured under natural conditions. The young panicles of main stem were continuously dissected and observered by Cryo-SEM from the panicle initiation stage, and investigated about formation position of the differentiation and degeneration spikelet within a panicle of 7 days after heading. The degeneration of spikelet appeared simultaneously throughout panicle just after closure of spikelet by the palea and lemma. Differentiated and degenerated spikelets per panicle were about 240, 80 for Milyang 23 and 87, 6 for Koshihikari, respectively. The spikelets degeneration in Milyang 23 was mainly on the secondary and tertiary branch which were developed from primary branch of middle-basal panicle node and hardly not the spikelets of primary branch, and degeneration rate of secondary and tertiary rachis branch and spikelets for Milyang 23 were 2.5 times greater than those of Koshihikari. The proper relation equation between total differentiation or normal spikelets number per panicle(Y) and each rachis branch number were different between cultivars, Le., Y=5.5X$_1$＋3.0X$_2$ for Koshihikari as previously proposed, but those of Milyang 23, Y=5.7X$_1$＋3.5X$_2$＋2.8X$_3$ for total differentiation spikelets and Y=5.6X$_1$＋3.2X$_2$＋2.4X$_3$ for normally developed spikelets, where X$_1$, X$_2$, X$_3$ are number of primary, secondary, tertiary rachis branch, respectively.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.721-727
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• 2007

Stability-enhanced mutants, H44, 11-94, 5A2-84, and F8, of L-threonine aldolase(L-TA) from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2)(SCO1085) were isolated by an error-prone PCR followed by a high-throughput screening. Each of these mutant, had a single amino acid substitution: H177Y in the H44 mutant, A169T in the 11-94 mutant, D104N in the 5A2-84 mutant and F18I in the F8 mutant. The residual L-TA activity of the wild-type L-TA after a heat treatment for 20 min at $60^{\circ}C$ was only 10.6%. However, those in the stability-enhanced mutants were 85.7% for the H44 mutant, 58.6% for the F8 mutant, 62.1% for the 5A2-84 mutant, and 67.6% for the 11-94 mutant. Although the half-life of the wild-type L-TA at $63^{\circ}C$ was 1.3 min, those of the mutant L-TAs were longer: 14.6 min for the H44 mutant, 3.7 min for the 11-94 mutant, 5.8 min for the 5A2-84 mutant, and 5.0 min for the F8 mutant. The specific activity did not change in most of the mutants, but it was decreased by 45% in the case of mutant F8. When the aldol condensation of glycine and 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde was studied by using whole cells of Escherichia coli containing the wild-type L-TA gene, L-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine(L-threo-DOPS) was successfully synthesized with a yield of 2.0 mg/ml after 20 repeated batch reactions for 100 h. However, the L-threo-DOPS synthesizing activity of the enzyme decreased with increased cycles of the batch reactions. Compared with the wild-type L-TA, H44 L-TA kept its L-threo-DOPS synthesizing activity almost constant during the 20 repeated batch reactions for 100 h, yielding 4.0 mg/ml of L-threo-DOPS. This result showed that H44 L-TA is more effective than the wild-type L-TA for the mass production of L-threo-DOPS.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.151-163
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• 2008

A formulation of three-dimensional model of articulated train-b ridge dynamic interaction has been made for the Korean eXpress Train (KTX). Semi-periodic profiles of rail irregularities consisting of elevation, alignment, cross and gauge irregularities have also been proposed using FRA maximum tolerable rail deviations. The effects of rail joints and sleeper step were also included. The resulting system matrices of train and bridge are very spare, and thus, are stored in one-dimensional arrays, yielding a time-efficient solution. A numerical algorithm for computing bridge-train response including an iterative scheme is also formulated. A program simulating train-bridge interaction and solving this problem using the new algorithm is implemented as new modules for the f inite element analysis software named XFINAS. Computed results using the new program are then checked by that of the validated 2-D bridge-train interaction model. This new 3D analysis provides more detailed train responses such as swaying, bouncing, rolling, pitching and yawing accelerations, which are useful inevaluating passenger riding comfort. Train operation safety and derailment could also be directly investigated by relative wheel displacements computed from this program.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.202-210
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• 2005

Since understanding on spatial variability of a field is essential to pursue precision agricultural technology, a field study for field variability and variable rate fertilization of nitrogen in a direct seeding paddy was attempted. Variable rate application of nitrogen was designed with soil test, and field application was tested in a direct seeding paddy in the Kimje, Jeonbuk, Korea. The grid samples of soil was collected from the field of which unit size was 35 m by 112 m on February before irrigating of the field. Soil organic matter, available phosphate and silicate, and extractable potassium were analyzed. Variable rate fertilizer recommendation maps of nitrogen for high yielding, HY, and low input sustainable agriculture, LISA, were derived based on the soil analysis. Direct seeding of rice was performed for variable rate treatment, VRT, for the experimental plot in 2001 and 2002, and so did for three volunteer farmers' field in 2003. Yield mapping was performed by harvesting. Economic feasibility of direct seeding of rice by variable rate fertilization was evaluated. Though increased yield of variable rate application and benefit of reducing fertilizer use and environmental impact, the cost for soil test exceeded the total reduced fertilizer cost.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.56-59
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• 2007

We bred new mulberry cultivar through local adaptability test, which was registered as a new cultivar for fruit production. Local adaptability test had been carried out at three places(Suwon, Konju and Cheongju) for three years since 2002. This is tetraploidy variety belonging to (Morus Lhou(Ser.) Koidz.) made by colchicine treatment on growing point of winter buds. Daeseongppong was high yielding in productivity by 48% compared to control cultivar "Chungilppong" for two years. Although Daesungppong was a little lower in sugar content of mulberry fruits, it contains more bioactive materials like C3G, rutin and amino acids than Chungilppong. It is adaptable to every where except the places where cold damage and sclerotial disease happen frequently.