• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.214-218
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential hypolipidemic effect of job's tears diet with the controlled intake of fiber in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Forty eight rats were fed either control diet or experimental diets (Raw, milled job's tears(RMJ); Raw, whole grain job's tears(RWJ);Steamed, milled job's tears(SMJ);Roasted, milled job's tears(OMJ)) for 3 weeks. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), free fatty acid(FFA) and triglyceride (TG) in plasma, liver and skeletal muscle were compared. Compared to diabetic control group, the level of plasma TC was lower in OMJ an SMJ fed rats, and was not different from that in RMJ and RWJ fed rats. The level of LDL-C was significantly lower in RMJ, OMJ and SMJ fed rats. For plasma HDL-C levels, no difference was observed among all group. Plasma FFA level significantly lower in RMJ, SMJ and RWJ fed rats, Plasma TG a levels of all job's ears fed groups were 50∼70% lower and liver TG levels of all job's tears fed groups were 70∼80% lower than those fo diabetic control group. For muscle TG, no differences were seen among all groups. These results suggest that steamed job's tears and roasted job's tears could have the potentaila on improving lipid profile fo diabetes in clinical setting and the different cooking methods of job's tears might affect the lipid profile of the diabetic rats.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.24-34
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• 2022

Purpose: Total gastrectomy (TG) with lymph node (LN) dissection is recommended for early gastric cancer (EGC) but is not indicated for endoscopic resection (ER). We aimed to identify patients who could avoid TG by establishing a scoring system for predicting lymph node metastasis (LNM) in proximal EGCs. Materials and Methods: Between January 2003 and December 2017, a total of 1,025 proximal EGC patients who underwent TG with LN dissection were enrolled. Patients who met the absolute ER criteria based on pathological examination were excluded. The pathological risk factors for LNM were determined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. A scoring system for predicting LNM was developed and applied to the validation group. Results: Of the 1,025 cases, 100 (9.8%) showed positive LNM. Multivariate analysis confirmed the following independent risk factors for LNM: tumor size >2 cm, submucosal invasion, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and perineural invasion (PNI). A scoring system was created using the four aforementioned variables, and the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves in both the training (0.85) and validation (0.84) groups indicated excellent discrimination. The probability of LNM in mucosal cancers without LVI or PNI, regardless of size, was <2.9%. Conclusions: Our scoring system involving four variables can predict the probability of LNM in proximal EGC and might be helpful in determining additional treatment plans after ER, functioning as a good indicator of the adequacy of treatments other than TG in high surgical risk patients.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.166-178
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was no investigate serum lipid levels of primary school children and to estimate their intakes of total fat and fatty acids. Subjects fasting blood samples were obtained and analyzed for serum triglycerides(TG), total cholesterol(Chol) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-Chol). Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-Chol), LDL-Chol/HDL-Chol ratio(LPH), and atherogenic index(AI) were calculated,. Dietary intake of nutrients was assessed by means of a 24-hour recall method using food models and other measuring tools . The serum levels of TG, Chol and LDL-Chol in girls were higher than those in boys, but the serum HDL-Chol level of girls was lower than that of boys. As the degree of obesity increased, the serum TG level of girls was lower than that of boys. As the degree of oesity increased , the serum TG level of girls increased. The serum LDL-Chol level was higher in obese boys than in normal ones. Percentage s of subjects at risk of cardiovascular disease based on corresponding criteria of TG, Chol,HDL-CHol and LDL-Chol were 25.9%, 7.6%, 20.7% and 10.1%, respectively. The serum TG level of children provided with the national school lunch program(NSLP) was lower than that of children without NLSP. The total fat intake of boys was higher than that of girls, but calorie-adjusted fat intake became similar between the two groups. Intakes of polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA), monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA) and saturated fatty acids(SFA) were 13.3$\pm$9.5g, 16.1$\pm$9.3g and 21.4$\pm$14.2g in boys, respecitively , and 12.6$\pm$11.3g, 15.3$\pm$9.7g and 19.9$\pm$13.1g in girls, respectively . The ratios of polyunsaturated /monoun-saturated /saturated /saturated fatty acids(P/M/S) in boys and girls were 0.7/0.8/1.0 and 0.8/0.8/1.0 respectively. The ratios of $\omega$6/$\omega$3 fatty acids in boys and girls were found to be 12.1 /1.0 and 8.6/1.0 , respectively. These results indicated the urgent need of nutritional education in primary schools to prevent further increase in childhood obesity and hyperlipidemia . Therefore, this study will contribute to the establishment of dietary guidelines and health recommendation for school children.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.455-461
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• 2013

Retinoids regulate not only various cell functions including proliferation and differentiation but also glucose and lipid metabolism. After we observed a marked up-regulation of cellular retinol-binding protein-I (CRBP-I) in the liver of hepatitis B virus x antigen (HBx)-transgenic (HBx Tg) mice which are prone to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and fatty liver, we aimed to evaluate retinoid pathway, including genes for the retinoid physiology, CRBP-I protein expression, and retinoid levels, in the liver of HBx Tg mice. We also assessed the effect of chronic metformin treatment on HCC development in the mice. Many genes involved in hepatic retinoid physiology, including CRBP-I, were altered and the tissue levels of retinol and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) were elevated in the liver of HBx Tg mice compared to those of wild type (WT) control mice. CRBP-I protein expression in liver, but not in white adipose tissue, of HBx Tg mice was significantly elevated compared to WT control mice while CRBP-I protein expressions in the liver and WAT of high-fat fed obese and db/db mice were comparable to WT control mice. Chronic treatment of HBx Tg mice with metformin did not affect the incidence of HCC, but slightly increased hepatic CRBP-I level. In conclusion, hepatic CRBP-I level was markedly up-regulated in HCC-prone HBx Tg mice and neither hepatic CRBP-I nor the development of HCC was suppressed by metformin treatment.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.1249-1253
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• 2010

Sericin is a type of high molecular weight water-soluble glycoprotein surrounding fibroin (silk protein) that has been used as a cell culture supplement and accelerates cell proliferation in various serum-free media. The purpose of this study was to investigate the enhancing effect of thyroglobulin (Tg) secretion by sericin in thyrocytes, FRTL-5 cells. While Tg-mRNA expression was not enhanced, a secreted form of Tg was obviously increased by sericin. In this status, expression of both endoplasmic reticulum (ER) molecular chaperones (Bip & calreticulin) and ER membrane proteins (IRE1, PERK & ATF6) was enhanced. The proximal step of IRE1, XBP1 mRNA splicing was slightly detected however, the proximal step of PERK, phosphorylation of $eIF2{\alpha}$, was changeless. In addition, sericin enhanced cell viability by the MTT assay. The above results showing the ability of sericin to promote protein production demonstrated its potential usefulness as a new biomaterial.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.47-51
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• 2002

Polyurethane was used as matrix for polymer electrolytes with liquid electrolyte consist of organic solvent as ethylene carbonate(EC), propylene carbonate(PC), and tetraethylene glycol dimethylether(TG) and 1M $LiCF_3SO_3$, which has high mechanical strength and porosity. Electrochemical properties fur polyurethane electrolytes with various liquid electrolytes were evaluated. The amount of immersed liquid electrolyte for TG with 1M $LiCF_3SO_3$ was increased to about $750\%$ by weight, and initial discharge capacity and cycle performance was better than others. Ionic conductivity for TG/EC(v/v,1:1) and PC/EC(v/v, 1:1) with 1M $LiCF_3SO_3$ was about $3.15\times10^{-3} S/cm, \;3.18\times10^{-3}S/cm$

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.5 s.111
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• pp.415-420
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• 2006

Urinalyses have been conducted for 28 crew's in H University's training ship and creatine and uric acid turned out to be higher in all ages, which can be inferred that board job has caused negative impact on kidney and/or malfunction In addition, TC and HDL-C, LDL-C ha; decreased, however, TG has increased after the navigation. All different positions including officer, crew, decker, engineer and radio part showed the similar pattern TC and HDL-C has decreased in 30s, 40s and TG has increased in 30s. A few of the 30's show extremely high TG rates so hyperlipidemia is suspected. 7 members turned out positive for UBG test and 5 positive for PRO test. Especially there was only one UBG positive before the navigation but, 7 members has become positive, which means the one-month long-tenn navigation has definite impact on the liver cell function.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.3230-3242
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• 2015

In this study, in an attempt to elucidate the relevance and the association between AUDIT level and health related indices such as obesity-related indices (BMI, waist circumference, body fat percentage), serum liver-enzyme levels (AST, ALT, GGT, total bilirubin) and serum lipid levels (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C), data about including results of health checkup examination and questionnaire from 558 male examinees of 30-79 years old, who received a comprehensive health examination in the health promotion center of a university hospital during the period of January 1 to December 31, 2012, was analysed. As a results, the distribution of AUDIT rating of subjects was Zone I 58.2%, Zone II 25.3%, Zone III 7.0%, and Zone IV 9.5%. And AUDIT levels have significant relevance with age, smoking, body fat, GGT and TG. Especially, for the waist circumference, GGT and TG, the odds ratio indicating abnormality significantly increased in the higher AUDIT groups (Zone II~Zone IV) than a low-grade group (Zone I). This suggests that drinking problem with a high AUDIT level has a significant relevance with an abnormal increase of indices for obesity, serum liver-enzyme levels, serum lipid levels.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.1359-1366
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the blood pressure, serum lipid levels and obesity indices according to smoking status, and the effects of smoking cessation on blood pressure, serum lipid and obesity indices. The 2,230 male workers aged 30-59 years were observed the age, smoking status, SBP, DBP, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, AI, BMI, body fat rate and waist circumference, from April to July, 2011. As a results, the mean score of SBP, DBP, TC, TG and BMI were significantly higher in smoking group than non-smoking group, but HDL-C were significantly lower in smoking group than non-smoking group, the distribution of hypertension was significantly higher in smoking group than non-smoking group. The abnormal levels of TC, TG and HDL-C were significantly higher in smoking group than non-smoking group, and the distribution of obesity was significantly higher in smoking group than non-smoking group. Age adjusted odds ratio(ORs) was significantly increase in smoking group than non-smoking group: hypertension(3.59 times), hypercholesteremia (1.49 times), hyperlipidemia(1.81 times), low HDL-cholesteremia(1.58 times), high level of atherogenic index(1.27 times). Above results suggested that the smoking related with blood pressure and serum lipid levels.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.5-11
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• 2006

Urinalyses have been conducted for 28 seamen in K University's training ship and Creatine and Uric acid turned out to be higher in all ages, which can be inferred that on-deck environment has caused negative impact on kidney and/or malfunction. In addition, TC arid HDL-C, LDL-C has decreased, however, TG has increased after the navigation. All different positions including oater, crew, decker, engineer and radio part showed the similar pattern. TC and HDL-C has decreased in 30s, 40s and TG has increased in 30s. A few of the 30's show extremely high TG rates so Hyperlipidemia is suspected. 7 members fumed out positive for UBG test and 5 positive for PRO test. Especially there was only one UBG positive before the navigation but, 7 members has become positive, which means the one-month ocean navigation has definite impact on the liver cell function.