• Title/Summary/Keyword: hierarchical language model

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Development of Agent-based Platform for Coordinated Scheduling in Global Supply Chain (글로벌 공급사슬에서 경쟁협력 스케줄링을 위한 에이전트 기반 플랫폼 구축)

  • Lee, Jung-Seung;Choi, Seong-Woo
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.213-226
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    • 2011
  • In global supply chain, the scheduling problems of large products such as ships, airplanes, space shuttles, assembled constructions, and/or automobiles are complicated by nature. New scheduling systems are often developed in order to reduce inherent computational complexity. As a result, a problem can be decomposed into small sub-problems, problems that contain independently small scheduling systems integrating into the initial problem. As one of the authors experienced, DAS (Daewoo Shipbuilding Scheduling System) has adopted a two-layered hierarchical architecture. In the hierarchical architecture, individual scheduling systems composed of a high-level dock scheduler, DAS-ERECT and low-level assembly plant schedulers, DAS-PBS, DAS-3DS, DAS-NPS, and DAS-A7 try to search the best schedules under their own constraints. Moreover, the steep growth of communication technology and logistics enables it to introduce distributed multi-nation production plants by which different parts are produced by designated plants. Therefore vertical and lateral coordination among decomposed scheduling systems is necessary. No standard coordination mechanism of multiple scheduling systems exists, even though there are various scheduling systems existing in the area of scheduling research. Previous research regarding the coordination mechanism has mainly focused on external conversation without capacity model. Prior research has heavily focuses on agent-based coordination in the area of agent research. Yet, no scheduling domain has been developed. Previous research regarding the agent-based scheduling has paid its ample attention to internal coordination of scheduling process, a process that has not been efficient. In this study, we suggest a general framework for agent-based coordination of multiple scheduling systems in global supply chain. The purpose of this study was to design a standard coordination mechanism. To do so, we first define an individual scheduling agent responsible for their own plants and a meta-level coordination agent involved with each individual scheduling agent. We then suggest variables and values describing the individual scheduling agent and meta-level coordination agent. These variables and values are represented by Backus-Naur Form. Second, we suggest scheduling agent communication protocols for each scheduling agent topology classified into the system architectures, existence or nonexistence of coordinator, and directions of coordination. If there was a coordinating agent, an individual scheduling agent could communicate with another individual agent indirectly through the coordinator. On the other hand, if there was not any coordinating agent existing, an individual scheduling agent should communicate with another individual agent directly. To apply agent communication language specifically to the scheduling coordination domain, we had to additionally define an inner language, a language that suitably expresses scheduling coordination. A scheduling agent communication language is devised for the communication among agents independent of domain. We adopt three message layers which are ACL layer, scheduling coordination layer, and industry-specific layer. The ACL layer is a domain independent outer language layer. The scheduling coordination layer has terms necessary for scheduling coordination. The industry-specific layer expresses the industry specification. Third, in order to improve the efficiency of communication among scheduling agents and avoid possible infinite loops, we suggest a look-ahead load balancing model which supports to monitor participating agents and to analyze the status of the agents. To build the look-ahead load balancing model, the status of participating agents should be monitored. Most of all, the amount of sharing information should be considered. If complete information is collected, updating and maintenance cost of sharing information will be increasing although the frequency of communication will be decreasing. Therefore the level of detail and updating period of sharing information should be decided contingently. By means of this standard coordination mechanism, we can easily model coordination processes of multiple scheduling systems into supply chain. Finally, we apply this mechanism to shipbuilding domain and develop a prototype system which consists of a dock-scheduling agent, four assembly- plant-scheduling agents, and a meta-level coordination agent. A series of experiments using the real world data are used to empirically examine this mechanism. The results of this study show that the effect of agent-based platform on coordinated scheduling is evident in terms of the number of tardy jobs, tardiness, and makespan.

System Architecture and Datum Reference Frame for Computer Aided Fixture Planning System (치구계획의 자동화시스템 구성 및 데이텀 체계의 결정)

  • Cho, Kyu-Kab;Jeong, Yeong-Deug
    • IE interfaces
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 1991
  • This paper deals with the development of a computer aided fixture planning system that automatically selects set-ups, set-up sequence and fixture design for prismatic parts. This study presents the hierarchical data structure for feature-based part model and the preprocessing procedure for the proposed system. The preprocessing procedure generates tools such as DDR(Degree of Dimensional Relationship), AMV(Admissible Misalignment Value) and the datum reference frame of each feature according to the proposed decision table. The proposed system is called AFIX(Automated FIXture planning system) which is implemented by using C language on the workstation. A case study for a cavity plate is presented to show the performance of the AFM.

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Development of an e-Catalog Evaluation Model Using Analytic Hierarchical Process (AHP를 이용한 전자카타로그 평가 모형 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Gyeung Sook Lee;Gyeung Min Kim
    • Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2002
  • 고객이 요구하는 정보를 효율적으로 제공하기 위한 전자 카탈로그를 구축하는 것은 e-business의 성공의 핵심적 요소이다. 우수한 상품 판매 기술을 이용하여 고객의 판매 결정을 촉진하는 전자 카탈로그가 있는 반면, 그렇지 않은 경우는 사업적 손실과 법적인 분쟁까지 초래하기도 한다. 전자 카탈로그가 전자 상거래 사이트의 중심 요소임에도 불구하고 이제까지 학문적, 실용적 분야에서 전자 카탈로그의 평가 방법에 관한 연구는 찾아보기 힘든 상황이다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 우선 효과적인 전자 카탈로그 구축을 위한 요구사항을 도출해 내고 그것을 전자 카탈로그 평가 기준으로 적용하여, AHP(계층적 분석 방법)를 사용해서 평가 기준간의 상대적 중요도를 개발해 내는데 목적이 있다. 그 평가 기준의 상대적 중요도는 기업이 전자 카탈로그를 구축할 때 중점을 두어야 할 사항을 결정하는데 기준을 제시해 줄 것이다. 이 연구의 결과는 평가는 물론 효율적인 전자 카탈로그의 개발을 위한 지침을 마련해 줄 것이다.

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A Method for Specifying the Access Control of XML Document using Process Algebra (프로세스 대수를 이용한 XML 문서의 접근권한 표현법)

  • Lee, Ji-Yeon;Kim, Il-Gon
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.251-258
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    • 2007
  • With the increase of a web service technology, a new access control mechanism has developed for XML documents. As a result, as legacy access control systems, access control systems has become an active research topic. In this paper, we propose a methodology to translate access control policies for XML documents into formal specification language CSP. To do this, first, we introduce a method to translate a hierarchical access to XML documents using XPath language into CSP process algebra. Second, we explain a method to represent a XML schema as a formal model like automata. Third, we present a method for representing the semantics of access control policies such as the scope of rules and confliction resolution into a process algebra language. Finally, a CSP specification example of an XML schema and path expressions aye shown to illustrate the validity of our approach.

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Database Interface System with Dialog (대화를 통한 데이타베이스 인터페이스 시스템)

  • Woo, Yo-Seop;Kang, Seok-Hoon
    • The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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    • v.3 no.3
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    • pp.417-428
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    • 1996
  • In this paper, a database interface system with natural language dialogue is designed and implemented. The system is made up of language analysis, context processing, dialogue processing and DB processing unit. The method for classifying and processing an undefined word in language analysis is proposed. It reduces the dictionary size, which gives difficulties in DB Interface. And the current DB Interfaces dealt with an input utterance independently. But the system in this paper provides a user with the interface environment in which he or she can have a continuous conversation with the system and retrieve DB information. Thus in this paper, speech acts which include user's inattentions well as propositional contents are defined, and user action hierarchical model for library DB retrieval is constructed. And the system uses the defined knowledge to recognize-user's plan, effectively understanding and managing the ongoing dialogue. And the system is implemented in the domain of library database in order to prove the proposed methods in this paper.

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An analysis of the factors affecting the adolescent's global citizenship (청소년의 세계시민의식에 미치는 영향요인 분석)

  • Park, Hwanbo;Yoo, Na-Yeon;Jang, Se-Jeong;Yu, Hye-Young
    • Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.31-53
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    • 2016
  • This study aims to examine the effects of student's individual background and school factors on global citizenship and to provide some suggestions to improve global citizenship education in Korea. To achieve this purpose, we used International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) 2009 data which studied student knowledge and understanding of civics and citizenship as well as student perceptions, and attitudes related to civics and citizenship from 38 countries. The data was analyzed with a 2-level Hierarchical Linear Model. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. Girls had more positive attitudes than boys toward gender equality and equal rights for different ethnic groups and immigrants. This study also showed that the level of student's global citizenship depended on whether home language was different from test language. Parental educational attainment and parental occupational status generally affected the level of student's global citizenship and students' interest in political and social issues appeared to be strongly affected by their parents. These findings suggest that parents play important role in improving global citizenship. At the school level, teacher-student relationships and the value of student participation had positive effects on global citizenship. Therefore, in order to implement global citizenship education in schools, it is necessary to consider the change of school climate.

Distributed System Management using Agent-On-Demand (에이전트-온-디맨드를 이용한 분산 시스템 관리)

  • Sul, Seung-Jin;Lee, Keum-Suk
    • Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.81-88
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    • 2000
  • As distributed systems become used in wider area of applications, many works has been done to invent more efficient way to manage the distributed systems. The client-server based distributed system management by using SNMP or CMIP has many problems such as scalability, interoperability, flexibility, and so on. Recently, it is evident that managing distributed systems using mobile agents have popularity, and the Java language helps the trend. However, the improvement of performance has to be analyzed when the mechanism of mobile agent is applied In this paper, we discuss a more efficient way to make use of the mobile agent mechanism for managing distributed systems, and propose an Agent-On-Demand (AOD) method. The core of the method is not to use the previous method that mobile agents doing management job is dispatched to the managed nodes by a manager application, but to make agents requested by the managed nodes and then the manager application send the requested agents to that nodes. This process is done through Hierarchical State Threshold (HST). Also we present a performance model for Java RMI and mobile agent, and compare the AOD method with the previous work in terms of network overhead and execution time.

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Hybrid Word-Character Neural Network Model for the Improvement of Document Classification (문서 분류의 개선을 위한 단어-문자 혼합 신경망 모델)

  • Hong, Daeyoung;Shim, Kyuseok
    • Journal of KIISE
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    • v.44 no.12
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    • pp.1290-1295
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    • 2017
  • Document classification, a task of classifying the category of each document based on text, is one of the fundamental areas for natural language processing. Document classification may be used in various fields such as topic classification and sentiment classification. Neural network models for document classification can be divided into two categories: word-level models and character-level models that treat words and characters as basic units respectively. In this study, we propose a neural network model that combines character-level and word-level models to improve performance of document classification. The proposed model extracts the feature vector of each word by combining information obtained from a word embedding matrix and information encoded by a character-level neural network. Based on feature vectors of words, the model classifies documents with a hierarchical structure wherein recurrent neural networks with attention mechanisms are used for both the word and the sentence levels. Experiments on real life datasets demonstrate effectiveness of our proposed model.

A Generation from Entity-Relationship Model to XML Schema Model (개체-관계 모델에선 XML Schema의 생성)

  • Kim, Chang-Suk;Kim, Dae-Su;Son, Dong-Cheul
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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    • v.14 no.6
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    • pp.667-673
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    • 2004
  • The XML is emerging as standard language for data exchange on the Web. Therefore the demand of XML Schema(W3C XML Schema Spec.) that verifies XML document becomes increasing. However, XML Schema has a weak point for design because of its complication despite of various data and abundant expressiveness. This paper shows a simple way of design for XML Schema using a fundamental means for database design, the Entity-Relationship model. The conversion from the Entity-Relationship model to XML Schema can not be directly on account of discordance between the two models. So we present some algorithms to generate XML Schema from the Entity-Relationship model. The algorithms produce XML Schema codes using a hierarchical view representation. An important objective of this automatic generation is to preserve XML Schema's characteristics such as reusability, global and local ability, ability of expansion and various type changes.

ER2XML: An Implementation of XML Schema Generator based on the Entity-Relationship Model (ER2XML :개체-관계 모델을 기반으로한 XML Schema 생성기의 구현)

  • Kim Chang Suk;Son Dong-Cheul
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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    • v.12D no.1 s.97
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2005
  • The XML is emerging as standard language for data exchange on the Web. Therefore a demand of XML Schema(W3C MLL Schema Spec.) that verifies XML document becomes increasing. However, XML Schema has a weak point for design because of its complication despiteof various data and abundant expressiveness. This paper shows a simple way of design for XML Schema using a fundamental means for database design, the Entity-Relationship model. The conversion from the Entity-Relationship model to XML Schema can not be directly on account of discordance between the two models. So we present some algorithms to generate XML Schema from the Entity-Relationship model. The algorithms produce XML Schema codes using a hierarchical view representation. An important objective of this automatic generation is to preserve XML Schema's characteristics such as reusability, global and local ability, ability of expansion and various type changes.