• Title/Summary/Keyword: hexane extractable material

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Quantitation of n-Hexane Extractable Material (HEM) and Estimation of Annual Pollutant Loading Rate by Sewage Sludge Applicated to Land (하수슬러지 중 노말헥산추출물질 (HEM) 함량 분석 및 토양 시용시 연간 오염부하량 추정)

  • Nam, Jae-Jak;Park, Woo-Kyun;Lim, Dong-Kyu;Lee, Sang-Hak
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.45-49
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    • 2002
  • To estimate annual pollutant loading rate of n-hexane extractable material (HEM) to soil 84 sewage sludge samples were analyzed. The average content of HEM was 27.7$\pm$26.5 g/kg, and ranged from 1.05 to maximum 194 g/kg. According to the number of population of the city the areas were classified as five regions, i.e. big, large, middle, small, and rural area in which the waste water treated plants were grown. The contents of HEM were 22.7$\pm$16.7, 33.3$\pm$25.8, 22.0$\pm$8.7, 31.0$\pm$38.8, 27.7$\pm$25.1 g/kg, in big, large, middle, small, and rural area, respectively. The applicated areas with sewage sludge to land also were divided as 4 sites by US EPA criteria such as agricultural, forest, public contact sites, and reclamation site. The quantitation of annual pollutant loading rate was estimated using a function (99 percentile concentration = $\bar{X}$ + 3$\sigma$) when the application amounts were in dosages of 7,000, 26,000, 18,000, 74,000 kg/ha in 5 regions, respectively. The annual pollutant loading rate of HEM to soil by sewage sludge application was maximum 1,032, 3,832, 2,653, and 10,908 kg/ha in agricultural, forest, public contact sites, and reclamation site, respectively.

Study on Pharmaceutical Byproducts and Sludges for Practical Application as Raw materials of organic compost (제약업종 부산물 및 오니의 퇴비원료로 활용 가능성 연구)

  • Lim, Dong-Kyu;Lee, Sang-Beom;Nam, Jae-Jag;Na, Young-Eun;Kwon, Jang-Sik;Cho, Nam-Sung;Park, Myoung-Han
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.86-96
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    • 2003
  • This study was conducted to investigate use possibility of pharmaceutical byproducts(process sludge) and waste water sludges as raw materials of organic compost at Fertilizer Official Regulation of Fertilizer Management Law in 2002. All pharmaceutical byproducts were satisfied the standard levels of raw material regulated in organic compost, some waste water sludges were deficient in the level. The content of n-hexane extractable material(HEM) was in byproduct higher than in waste water sludge. This was presumed that the sludge with containing a lot of organic matter was high in HEM content. Of the whole microorganism flora, bacteria was mainly detected, and yeast and filamentous fungi took up less population which was fluctuated depending on the source of sludges. Most dominated bacteria were identified into Genus of Pseudomonas. Pseudomonas syringae and Rathayibacter bathayi was classified as plant pathogenic bacteria.

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