• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.12-15
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• 1978

The agriculture in Korea has been gradually changed from a labor-intensive type to a labor-saving one which aims to maximize productivity of labor. Herbicides have been utilized in rice farming since 1955. The consumption of herbicides rapidly increased during the last decade. However, the technology of weed control with herbicides has not been developed yet. For the dissemination of efficient weed control methods in farming, both research and extension activities on herbicide utilization should be strengthened. Appropriate research and guidance units on weed control should be established as early as possible, in order to provide the necessary technical information.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.87-92
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• 1994

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of a soil permeagent, Aqia-Gro R, on the ad-sorption and desorprion of selected herbicides, simazine and pendimethalin on the 'eves of Zoysia matrella The Aqia-Gro R decreased the adsorption and promoted the desorption of the herbicides on the leaves of turfgrass by irrigation.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.149-159
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• 1997

A study was carried out in order to elucidate utilization of agochemicals in golf courses scien-tifically. The analysis of amounts of agrochemical used in golf courses from 1991 to 1996 which were reported to government are ;Despite of increase of golf courses, the amounts of agrochemicals decreased from 1992 as turning point. The decrease of utilization of insecticides and herbicides made it possible. In fungicides, thiopanate-methyl WP, polyoxine D. thiram WP and iprodione WP were used much in general and their utilization ratios were high. In recent year, as fungicides for Pythium blight and large patch, oxapro WP and pencycuron WP's amounts of utilization increased, but utilization ratios were under 70%. In insecticides, penitrothion OL's quantity consumed and utilization ratios were the best, but showed tendency of decrease as registration of agrochemicals for turfgrass expanded. In herbicides, bensulide OL, napropamide WP, MCPP SL were used much and their utilization ratios were high. In recent year, flazasulfuron WP's amounts of utilization and utilization ratio increased relatively. Key words: Agrochemicals Golf courses, Insecticides, Herbicides,Fungicides.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.246-251
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• 1983

In recent years weed flora have been changed to perennial dominance in paddy field being affected by the cropping systems and cultural practices. The perennial weeds are difficult to be controlled with annual herbicides which occupy 94% of total consumption of herbicides. The weeds competed more with rice plants in early tillering stages in machine transplanted field. For the reasonable and effective weed control, it is advisable to use single ai herbicides in hand transplanting field, but combined and mixed herbicides should be applied in machine transplanting field.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.83 no.6
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• pp.1354-1359
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• 2022

Glufosinate ammonium-containing herbicides are non-selective herbicides, used worldwide. With the increasing use of glufosinate ammonium-containing herbicides, cases of acute intoxication in suicide attempts have also increased. Herein, we report a case of a patient presenting cytotoxic edema in the posterior limbs of the bilateral internal capsules, bilateral middle cerebellar peduncles, and splenium of the corpus callosum on the brain diffusion-weighted MRI after glufosinate ammonium intoxication.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.286-291
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• 2003

Monochoria vaginalis is one of the most troublesome resistant weeds in Korean rice culture. Thus, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the response of M. vaginalis resistant to sulfonylurea(SU) herbicides and to determine alternative herbicides for the control of resistant M. vaginalis in direct seeded and transplanted rice culture in Korea. In greenhouse studies, the resistant biotype was 31-, 38-, 3172-, and 7-fold more resistant to ben-sulfuron-methyl, cyclosulfamuron, imazosulfuron, and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, respectively, than the susceptible biotype, indicating cross-resistance to the SU herbicides used in this study. Non-SU herbicides, butachlor, carfentrazone-ethyl, mefenacet, pretilachlor, pyrazolate, and thiobencarb, several SU herbicide-based mixtures, ethoxysulfuron plus fentrazamide, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl plus pyrazolate plus simetryn, and non-SU herbicide-based mixtures, pyrazolate plus butachlor, pyrazolate plus pretilachlor, simetryn plus molinate, carfentrazone-ethyl plus butachlor, and carfentrazone-ethyl plus thiobencarb can be used to control both the resistant and susceptible biotypes of M. vaginalis when applied before the second leaf stage. In the field experiment, the resistant biotype of M. vaginalis that survived from the paddy fields treated with a SU herbicide-based mixture could effectively be controlled by using mixtures of bentazone plus MCPA, bentazone plus mecoprop-P, and bentazone plus 2,4-D when applied at 2 or 4 main leaves. Our results suggest that the SU-resistant M. vaginalis had not developed multiple resistances to herbicides with different modes of action. In particular, bentazone plus MCPA and bentazone plus mecoprop-P were effective control measures after failure to control resistant M. vaginalis in Korean rice culture.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.77-82
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• 2004

Backgrounds: Deaths from pesticides poisoning has increased annually, but no studies have been reported. Especially paraquat is suspected to be a major material in pesticide poisoning deaths. In Korea, simple epidemiology of pesticides poisoning is not well known. So, there is no effective method to prevent pesticides poisoning. We tried to investigate the present status of pesticides poisoning with data from Korea National Statistical Office and suggest an effective counterplan. Methods: We analysed death cause data derived from Korean Statistical association, deaths causes being pesticides poisoning in the year 2002. Also, we investigated data from internet, mainly from Korea National Statistical Office home page. Results: Total 2,875 persons died after pesticides poisoning in 2002 year. Average age is 54.2 year, standard deviation being 17.7 year. Many victims (about $41\%$) died during the herbicides' non-necessary period (JanuaryMarch, October-December) Conclusion: Herbicides sale should be restricted only during herbicides' necessary period, and so called a pesticides safety supervisor system shall effectively prevent herbicides poisoning.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.245-252
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• 1993

To investigate a simple and rapid screening method for photosynthetic inhibitory herbicides, responses of tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.) and liverwort(Marchantia polymorpha L.) PA(photoautotrophic) cells to various commercial herbicides with different modes of action and leaf extracts of four weed species were compared. PET (photosynthetic electron transport) inhibitory type of herbicides has greater inhibitory effect in liverwort photoautotrophic cells than the photomixotrophic and heterotrophic cultured cells. Similary, PET inhibitory type of herbicides inhibited the oxygen evolution more in liverwort PA cells than the other type of herbicides. Based on oxygen evolution, 60% inhibition was observed by the 10% aqueous extracts of Polygonum hydropiper, while there was 100% inhibition by the 10% methanol extracts of Polygonum hydropiper. This assay gave well correlated results to the Hill reaction data using isolated thylakoids. Thus liverwort photoautotrophic cells might be suitable materials for rapid screening method for photosynthetic inhibitory herbicides.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.79-85
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• 1988

The effects of herbicides on biochemical processes in soil environment were studied by examining the effects of the chemical structure of each herbicides on soil enzyme activities and pesticides residue revealed when soil treated with urea was incubated at $28{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ for 56 days. The inhibition effects of herbicides on soil enzyme activites in soil decreased in the order of urea group>dinoseb>propanil>diphenyl eter group>acid amide group for urease, and dinoseb>urea group>diphenyl ether group>acid amide group for L-glutaminase and protease, dinoseb>diphenyl ether group>urea group>acid amide group for phosphatase. Herbicides inhibited the activities of soil enzyme in the early stage of treatment but increased the activities of urease, L-glutaminase and protease in the late stage. When herbicides were treated in soil together with urea the degradation of insecticides was accelerated.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

The widespread and diverse sulfonylurea (SU) resistance problem has found in Korea, where one-shot-treatment herbicides such as pylazosulfuron/molinate and bensulfuron/molinate have been used continuously since 1989. The SU-resistant weeds of 7 annual weeds and 3 perennial weeds as of 2008 have confirmed in paddy fields in Korea. An effective management to SU-resistant weeds requires an integrated approach toward the weed control system, in particular, as to the drastic changes of herbicides development. Recent trend of new paddy herbicides in Japan has been developing to maximize the management of SU-resistant weeds. In the future, it is expected that the development of paddy herbicides in Korea is likely to be shifted toward the new "one-shot-treatment" included with herbicides of over 3-ways to maximize the control of resistant weeds. Bromobutide and carfentrazone are effective against sedges and broad-leaved weeds, respectively, and benzobicyclone and pyrimisulfam are effective against sedges and broad-leaved weeds.