• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.7-16
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• 1998

Background and Purpose The increasing evidence for neurally mediated cardiac damage and sudden death has focused attention on the central autonomic control of cardiac function. Power spectral analysis of heart rate variability(HRV) can detect autonomic consequences of stroke. We performed power spectral analysis of heart rate variability from 24-hour holter recording to identify cerebral hemispheric lateralization and gender effect in cardiac autonomic control. Methods Data were obtained from 24-hour holter recordings in 30 consecutive patients with hemispheric brain infarction in the subacute phase. We analysed the time domain and frequency domain measures of HRV and ST segment by hemispheric lateralization and Gender. Results ST segment was depressed in women compared with man. There was no statistically significant differences between right and left hemisphere stroke patients in any standard index of HRV and ST segment changes. Conclusions These data are partial consistent with evidence from the recent literature that two cerebral hemispheres and gender have a differential influence on the nature and severity of cardiac dysfunction. We think the prospective and definite study was necessary.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.56-67
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• 1996

Objectives : This study was designed to find clinical factors that could be differentiated by the lateralization of lesion and also find clinical factors to predict the lateralization of lesion. Methods : The subjects were 65 cooperative inpatients and outpatients with non-traumatic subcortical cerebrovascular disease without neurologic and psychiatric history from January 1995 to September 1995 ; 48 patients in Kyung Hee University, Oriental Medicine Hospital, 35 patients in Anam Hospital, Korea University were examined as subjects, but authors excluded 20 patients whose data were incomplete or who had uncertain lesions on brain CT or MRI. The 65 patients were divided into three groups-group with left hemispheric lesion, group with right hemispheric lesion, group with both hemispheric lesion-according to the finding of brain imaging study. Their cognitive functions were evaluated by the Benton Neuropsychological Assessment(BNA), their subjective neurobehavioral symptoms by Symptom Check List-90-R(SCL-90-R), their objective neurobehavioral symptoms by Neurobehavioral Rating Scale, and their daily living functions by Geriatric Evaluation by Relative's Rating Instrument(GERRl) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale(IADLs). Results : The results were as follows : 1) The results of cognitive function test indicated that the group with right hemispheric lesion showed low functions in Tactile Form Perception(left), the group with left hemispheric lesion showed low functions in Finger localization(right), the group with right hemispheric lesion showed low functions in Finger Localization(left). 2) Though, there were little significant differences in subjective neurobehavioral symptoms, the group with right hemispheric lesion showed higher scores in all symptoms except hostility. 3) Though, there were little significant differences in objective neurobehavioral symptoms, the group with both hemispheric lesion showed higher scores in cognition, guilty/disinhibition, the group with left hemispheric lesion showed higher scores in lability of mood, the group with right hemispheric lesion showed highest scores in psychotism, neurotism, agitation-hostility and decreased motivation/emotional withdrawal. 4) There were little significant differences among three groups in Daily Living Functions, but the group with right hemispheric lesion showed the lowest functions in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. 5) As a result of discriminant analysis on each factor's contribution to the prediction of lesion, Finger Localization(left), Phoneme Discrimination and Tactile Form Perception(right) showed that they had the potentiality to predict lesion. Conclusion : The results suggest that there are little significant differences among the groups of three non-traumatic subcortical cerebrovascular disease in cognitive functions, but the group with right hemispheric lesion showed more serious and various changes in subjective and objective neurobehavioral symptoms, and showed low functions in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. This results suggest the possibility that the decline of the daily living function in the group with right hemispheric lesion were due to various symptoms, not due to cognitive dysfunction. The confirmation of the possibility should be worked out through the follow-up study of some groups containing cortical lesion. Apart from these findings, Finger Localization, Tactile Form Perception(right) and Phoneme Discrimination suggest that they can be used as clinically valuable cognitive parameters that predict the lateralization of lesion in non-traumatic cerebrovascular disease.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.163-170
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• 2006

Backgrounds: MEG can measure the task-specific neurophysiologic activity with good spatial and time resolution. Language lateralization using noninvasive method has been a subject of interest in resective brain surgery. We purposed to develop a paradigm for language lateralization using MEG and validate its feasibility. Methods: Magnetic fields were obtained in 12 neurosurgical candidates and one volunteer for language tasks, with a 306 channel whole head MEG. Language tasks were word listening, reading and picture naming. We tested two word listening paradigms: semantic decision of meaning of abstract nouns, and recognition of repeated words. The subjects were instructed to silently name or read, and respond with pushing button or not. We decided language dominance according to the number of acceptable equivalent current dipoles (ECD) modeled by sequential single dipole, and the mean magnetic field strength by root mean square value, in each hemisphere. We collected clinical data including Wada test. Results: Magnetic fields evoked by word listening were generally distributed in bilateral temporoparietal areas with variable hemispheric dominance. Language tasks using visual stimuli frequently evoked magnetic field in posterior midline area, which made laterality decision difficult. Response during task resulted in more artifacts and different results depending on responding hand. Laterality decision with mean magnetic field strength was more concordant with Wada than the method with ECD number of each hemisphere. Conclusions: Word listening task without hand response is the most feasible paradigm for language lateralization using MEG. Mean magnetic field strength in each hemisphere is a proper index for hemispheric dominance.

• Korean Journal of Audiology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.48-52
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• 2020

Lateralization for central auditory processing (CAP) with dichotic digits recognition (DDR) test is believed expression of hemispheric dominance. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered an inflammatory and autoimmune alteration of central nervous system (CNS). Hearing alterations in MS and their role in CAP has not been well studied. A patient with MS and new kind of alteration in lateralization of CAP with DDR test is presented. A 53 year of age female with MS of 16 years of evolution, nine of them remained asymptomatic. She has a persistent advantage of the right ear for DDR test; but other monaural tests showed predominance of the left afferent pathway. Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) and long latency auditory evoked potentials (LLAEPs) showed adequate right response with deficits in organization of left response in BAEP, and N2 wave. In the contrary direction of previous publication, we disclosed advantage for DDR test, BAEP, and LLAEP in the right ear. We observed no left ear suppression; with predominance of correct left percentages in monaural psychoacoustics tests. We must keep on searching to find pathophysiological meaning of predominant of right or left auditory laterality as a CAP disorder in patients with MS.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.48-52
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• 2020

Lateralization for central auditory processing (CAP) with dichotic digits recognition (DDR) test is believed expression of hemispheric dominance. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered an inflammatory and autoimmune alteration of central nervous system (CNS). Hearing alterations in MS and their role in CAP has not been well studied. A patient with MS and new kind of alteration in lateralization of CAP with DDR test is presented. A 53 year of age female with MS of 16 years of evolution, nine of them remained asymptomatic. She has a persistent advantage of the right ear for DDR test; but other monaural tests showed predominance of the left afferent pathway. Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) and long latency auditory evoked potentials (LLAEPs) showed adequate right response with deficits in organization of left response in BAEP, and N2 wave. In the contrary direction of previous publication, we disclosed advantage for DDR test, BAEP, and LLAEP in the right ear. We observed no left ear suppression; with predominance of correct left percentages in monaural psychoacoustics tests. We must keep on searching to find pathophysiological meaning of predominant of right or left auditory laterality as a CAP disorder in patients with MS.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.329-335
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• 2009

Objective : Determining language lateralization is important for the presurgical evaluation of patients with medically intractable epilepsy. The Wada test has been the gold standard for lateralization of language dominance before epilepsy surgery. However, it is an invasive test with risk, and have some limitations. Methods : We compared the volumetric analysis with Wada test, and studied the clinical potential of volumetric analysis to assess language laterality in large surgical candidates with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). To examine the efficacy of volumetric analysis to determine language lateralization during presurgical evaluation, we compared the volumetric analysis of the bilateral planum temporale with the results of Wada test in 59 patients with chronic intractable TLE (rTLE, n=32; lTLE, n=27) who underwent epilepsy surgery. We measured the gray matter volumes of planum temporale (PT) of each patients using the VoxelPlus2 program (Mevisys, Daejeon, Korea). Results : Overall congruence of the volumetric analysis with the Wada test was 97.75% in rTLE patients and 81.5% in lTLE patients. There were more significant leftward asymmetry of the PT in rTLE patients than lTLE patients. In lTLE patients, relatively high proportion (37%) of the patients showed bilateral or right hemispheric language dominance. Conclusion : These results provide evidence that the volumetric analysis of the PT could be used as an alternatives in language lateralization. Also, the results of the Wada test suggested that there was considerable plasticity of language representation in the brains of patients with intractable TLE and it was associated with an earlier age of brain injury.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.24-32
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• 2001

Purpose : We investigated the reproducibility of language lateralization by 4 different word generation paradigms or the rest contents in each paradigm using functional magnetic resonance imaging in normal volunteers Materials and Methods Nine normal volunteers with left-handedness (mean age: 25 yrs) were examined on a 1.57 MR unit using a single-shot gradient echo epibold sequence. Four different word generation paradigms of noun, verb, adjective and adverb were used in each normal volunteer for investigating language system. In each paradigm, two different rest contents consisted of only seeing the " +" symbol or reading the meaningless letters. Each task consisted of 96 phases including 3 activations and 6 rests of 2 different contents. Two activation maps in one task were obtained under two different rest contents using the correlation method. We evaluated the detection rates of Broca and Wernicke areas and the differences of language lateralization among four different word generation paradigms, or between the rest contents. Results : The detection rates of Broca and Wernicke areas were over 67 % in 4 different language paradigms and there was no significant difference of them among language paradigms, or between two different rest contents. Language dominances, in all 4 different language paradigms, were shown to be consistent in 66 %, but were contrary with language paradigms in some subjects. The rest contents made no significant effect on dominant language dominance determination, but the success rates of the dominant language dominances determined from 4 language paradigms were higher in reading the meaningless letter (100%, n=9) than in only seeing "+" on screen at the rest task (78%, n=7).

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1989.10a
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• pp.278-281
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• 1989

한글 자모 인식과정의 특성을 알아보기 위하여 Stroop 및 반구 비대칭성 효과를 검증하였다. 피보험자들에게 두가지 색으로된 10개의 한글자모를 좌시야와 우시야에 제시하고, 그중 어떤 것이 가운데에 제시된 검사지극의 색 또는 자모형태와 같은 목표자극인가를 신속하게 판단하도록 하였다. 반구 비대칭성 및 Stroop 효과를 선택 반응시간을 측정하여 비교하였다. 자모 처리와 색깔 처리에서는 반구간 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 자모 처리에서 반구간 차이가 나타나지 않은 것은 한글 자모의 시각적 특성과 실험 절차의 특수성애 결부되어 해석되었다. Stroop 효과는 좌반구 보다는 우반구에서 의미있게 큰 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 대뇌 반구간의 비대칭성이 확인되었고 대뇌의 좌반구는 분석적 처리에, 우반구는 전체적인 처리에 전문화 되어 있다는 것을 확인하였다.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.52-57
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• 2000

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the pattern of cerebral response to motor tasks in patients with schizophrenia compared with normal subjects using functional MRI. Materials and methods ; Nine right handed-schizophrenic patients and six right-handed normal subjects were included. We used right hand movement as task. Series of 120 consecutive echo-planar images per section were acquired during three cycles of task and rest activations. Lateralization index of cortical response was measured and compared between patients and normal subjects. Results ; Right hand motor task was associated with greater activation in left sensorimotor cortex than the right in normal subjects. Schizophrenia patients showed relatively decreased activation in left cortex and increased activation in right cortex compared with normal subjects. In one patient, reversed lateralization was noted. Conclusion : Normal hemispheric asymmetry of cortical response to motor task was found in different pattern in schizophrenia. Our result is consistent with functional disturbance of motor circuitry in this disorder. Functional MRI will play an important role in diagnosis and research of this disorder.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.39-59
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• 2018

To elucidate the effect of working memory (WM) load on negative facial emotion processing, we examined ERP components (P1 and N170) elicited by fearful and neutral expressions each of which was presented during 0-back (low-WM load) or 2-back (high-WM load) tasks. During N-back tasks, visual objects were presented one by one as targets and each of facial expressions was presented as a passively observed stimulus during intervals between targets. Behavioral results showed more accurate and fast responses at low-WM load condition compared to high-WM load condition. Analysis of mean amplitudes of P1 on the occipital region showed significant WM load effect (high-WM load > low-WM load) but showed nonsignificant facial emotion effect. Analysis of mean amplitudes of N170 on the posterior occipito-temporal region showed significant overall facial emotion effect (fearful > neutral), but, in detail, significant facial emotion effect was observed only at low-WM load condition on the left hemisphere, but was observed at high-WM load condition as well as low-WM load condition on the right hemisphere. To summarize, facial emotion effect observed by N170 amplitudes was modulated by WM load only on the left hemisphere. These results show that early emotional processing of negative facial expression could be eliminated or reduced by high load of WM on the left hemisphere, but could not be eliminated by high load on the right hemisphere, and suggest right hemispheric lateralization of negative facial emotion processing.