• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.60-66
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• 2019

Objective: To compare black rice (Oryza sativa L) extract with three different staining methods for human sperm head assessment. Methods: Semen samples were collected from 34 volunteers. Four smears of each ejaculate were prepared for staining using the rapid Papanicolaou (PAP) stain, SpermBlue, DipQuick, and black rice extract. The percentage of defective sperm heads (mean${\pm}$standard deviation) was compared. Results: Black glutinous rice extract, a natural dye, was used instead of hematoxylin to stain the nuclei of the sperm heads. The percentage of defective sperm heads showed a significant difference between black rice extract and DipQuick (p= 0.000). In contrast, black rice extract and rapid PAP showed no statistically significant difference (p= 0.974). A strong correlation (r = 0.761) was found between the findings obtained using rapid PAP and black rice extract. In contrast, a weak correlation (r = 0.248) was obtained between DipQuick and black rice extract for the percentage of defective sperm heads. Conclusion: The results showed good agreement and a strong correlation between the rapid PAP and black rice extract stains. The advantages of black rice extract as a novel substitute for hematoxylin for nuclear staining include ease of preparation, local availability, and favorable nuclear staining properties. Further studies could also focus on comparing staining techniques in clinical samples.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.51
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• pp.5.1-5.7
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• 2021

The olfactory organs of two African lungfishes, Protopterus amphibius and P. dolloi, were investigated using a stereo microscope and a compound light microscope and were described anatomically, histologically, and histochemically. Like other lungfishes, these species present the following general features: i) elongated olfactory chamber (OC), ii) anterior nostril at the ventral tip of the upper lip, iii) posterior nostril on the palate of the oral cavity, iv) lamellae with multiple cell types such as olfactory receptor neurons, supporting cells, basal cells, lymphatic cells, and mucous cells (MC), and vi) vomero-like epithelial crypt (VEC) made of glandular epithelium (GE) and crypt sensory epithelium. Some of these features exhibit differences between species: MCs are abundant in both the lamellar and inner walls of the OC in P. amphibius but occur only in lamellae in P. dolloi. On the other hand, some between feature differences are consistent across species: the GE of both P. amphibius and P. dolloi is strongly positive for Alcian blue (pH 2.5)-periodic acid Schiff (deep violet coloration), and positive with hematoxylin and eosin and with Masson's trichrome (reddish-brown staining), unlike the MCs of the two species which stain dark red with both Alcian blue (pH 2.5)-periodic acid Schiff and Masson's trichrome but respond faintly to hematoxylin and eosin. The differing abundance of MCs in the two lungfishes might reflect different degrees in aerial exposure of the olfactory organ, while the neutral and acid mucopolysaccharide-containing VEC, as indicated by staining properties of the MCs, is evolutionary evidence that P. amphibius and P. dolloi are the closest living relatives to tetrapods, at least in the order Dipnoi.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.48-52
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• 2023

Formaldehyde use is associated with serious health risks, which can affect medical personnel and technicians. Therefore, we investigated the efficacy of an alternative fixative, with respect to two types of formalin fixatives, by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, and RNA extraction. For H&E staining, the circular nucleus was stained dark blue by the basic dye hematoxylin and the cytoplasm was stained red by the acid dye eosin in all three fixative samples. No difference was found in the Duksan General Science (DGS), Sigma-Aldrich, and Core-Fix fixative samples (Corebiotech) used to fix kidney tissue, after PAS staining. IHC staining showed that CD4 was significantly increased in the lippolysaccharide (LPS)-treated group compared to the control group (vehicle), confirming the changes in specific molecules. The quantity and quality of RNA from tissues fixed in the three types of fixatives were evaluated. The average concentration of RNA was 106 ng/µL and average purity at A 260/280 ratio was 1.7~2.0, regardless of fixative used. For quality of protein, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) protein was confirmed by Western blotting. In conclusion, Core-Fix can be used as a fixative for pathological tissues, in histological and molecular diagnoses.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.76-81
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• 2023

To distinguish cancer cells from normal cells, H&E (Hematoxylin & Eosin) staining is required. Pathological staining requires a lot of money and time. Recently, a digital dyeing method has been introduced to reduce such cost and time. In this paper, we propose a novel digital pathology algorithms. The first algorithm is the Pair method. This method learns the dyed phase image and unstained amplitude image taken by FPM (Fourier Ptychographic Microscopy) and converts it into a dyed amplitude image. The second algorithm is the unpair method. This method use the stained and unstained fluorescence microscopic images for modeling. In this study, digital staining was performed using a generative adversarial network (GAN). From the experimental results, we noticed that both the pair and unpair algorithms shows the excellent performance.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.89-108
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• 1980

Comparative studies on the parafollicular cells of the some mammalian species from five different orders were carried out; i.e., man from Primates, cattle, pig, and black goat from Artiodactyla, dog from Carnivora, rabbit from Lagomorpha, rat, mouse, and squirrel from Rodentia. For this study, various special techniques for the parafollicular cells, including Grimelius' silver impregnation method (Sawicki and Bajko, 1974), Singh's argentaffin method (Singh, 1964), HCl-toluidine blue stain (Sawicki, 1971), and HCl-lead hematoxylin stain (Solcia et al., 1969), were applied. Authors obtained the following results: 1. Number of parafollicular cells in the same area of thyroid tissues are significantly different from species to species. Number of cells were largest in dog and less cells were found in the following orders; rat, squirrel, mouse, rabbit, cattle, pig, black goat and finally the smallest number in man. 2. Distribution of parafollicular cells within thyroid gland are significantly different from portion to portion in case of cattle, rabbit, squirrel and mouse, but it is not significant in dog, man, pig, black goat and rat (see Table 1-1 and 1-2). 3. In dog, clustered parafollicular cells are located usually in the interfollicular space, and groups of parafollicular cells are located in the para-and/or inter-follicular positions in rabbit. But in the other animals parafollicular cells are found solitarily in the intra-and/or para-follicular positions. 4. The shape of parafollicular cells shows oval to round contour in dog, but it is polymorphic, for example, spindle, conical, oval, round or elongated with cytoplasmic processes, in the other animals. 5. Size of parafollicular cells is larger in cattle, dog and pig, smaller in rat, mouse and squirrel, and medium-size in rabbit, man and black goat. 6. Parafollicular cells of pig, cattle, dog and squirrel are observed to contain densely packed granules, whereas those of mouse, rat and man contain relatively scanty granules. 7. Parafollicular cells of all the mammals show more or less positive reaction to Grimelius' argyrophile silver impregnation method, HCl-toluidine blue stain and HCl-lead hematoxylin stain, whereas they show negative reaction to argentaffin method (see Table 2). 8. Considering the above finding, it is concluded that there are species differences in the distribution, location and shape of parafollicular cells, and infer that preferable staining method should be selected for reliable detection of parafollicular cells, beacuse staining methods applied on the cells in this study show variable reactions according to species.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.18 no.8 s.137
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• pp.657-667
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• 1980

This study was undertaken to observe the salivary gland of the white rat when exposed to single and fractionated doses of Cobalt-60 irradiation. One hundred fifty white rats of the experiment were devided into control and 3 experimental groups. In experimental groups, group I receivcd 1200 rads everyweek untill 4800 rads reached, group II received 1500 rads and group III received 2000 rads with single dose. irradiation was carried out using a RAC-120 Cobalt-60 Teletherapy Unit with a dose rate 84.3 r/min, field size 4×5 cm measured at 80 from source. Rats were serially sacrificed at the following postirradiation time intervals: 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42days. At sacrifice, the parotid and submandibular glands were dissected out in toto, and stained with: 1) hematoxylin and eosin; 2) periodic acid Shiff; 3) toludine blue.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.783-786
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• 1973

The healing response may very with the tissue, the site and the degree of wound. the author observed histochemically the epithelial regeneration in the har palate wound of healthy male albino rats, varying in age from 120 to 150 days, and weighing about 100 gm. The deep wounds were made antero-posterior linealy by surgical knife to the depth of bone level. They were sacrified by ether anesthesia on 1, 2, 4, 7, 10 and 14 days after wounding. the staining methods used were Mcmanus' PAS reaction, Mowry's modification of the Hale reaction employing Muller's colloidal iron reagent, alloxan-Schiff reaction and hematoxylin-eosin stain. The results were as follows : 1. In the wound healing of hard palate, the epithelium had marked PAS positive reaction in the granular and the prickle cell layers on the from 2nd to 7th day. 2. Alloxan-Schiff reactions of regenerated epithelium were slightly increased on 7th day.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.115-119
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• 2016

Leiomyoma is a type of benign smooth muscle neoplasm that is a common neoplasm of the uterus and gastrointestinal tract but rarely affects the head and neck region and is especially unlikely to affect the oral cavity. The diagnosis of leiomyoma is mainly determined by histopathological studies due to variation in its clinical appearance and symptoms. In the present paper we report two rare cases of gingival angioleiomyoma in the posterior maxilla and mandible. After total excision, hematoxylin-eosin and smooth muscle actin staining confirmed the diagnosis of angioleimyoma.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.49-55
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• 2017

Purpose : In this study we tested the hypothesis that eucommia ulmoides (EU) extract would improve disuse-induced muscle atrophy following hindlimb immobilization. Method : The hindlimb immobilization was performed with casting tape to keep the left ankle joint in a fully extended position. The rats in EU treated group were orally administrated with eucommia ulmoides water extract. After 2 weeks of immobilization, all animals were sacrificed, and the whole gastrocnemius muscles were dissected from both legs. The morphology of right and left gastrocnemius muscles in both EU and control groups were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results : Eucommia ulmoides extract represented the significant protective effects against the reductions of the gastrocnemius muscles weight and average cross section area to compared with Control group. Conclusion : Eucommia ulmoides has protective effects against immobilization induced muscle atrophy.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.41-45
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• 1991

소와 견에 있어서 Unopette가 정자의 형태학적 검사 및 정자농도의 검사를 위하여 사용될 수 있는가를 알아 보기 위하여본 연구를 수행하였다. 소정액 및 견정액을 Unopette에 희석한 후 3-5$^{\circ}C$에 보존하면서 시간경과에 따라서 위상차현미경하에서 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Unopette를 사용하여 관찰한 정자는 48시간까지는 hematoxylin-eosin을 사용하여 정자보다는 높은 정상정자율을 나타내넜다. 2. Unopette를 사용한 정자는 정자농도에 있어서 대조군 정자에 비하여 24시간까지는 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 3. 따라서 Unopette는 정자의 형태학적 검사 및 정자농도의 검사를 위하여 유용하게 사용될 수 있다는 사실을 알 수 있었다.