• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2019

This study reviewed the trends and prospect of the market for veterinary medical devices in Korea. The registration of veterinary medical devices has sharply increased since 2013, and a total of 2,133 products from 348 companies were registered by 2018. Of these products, the proportion of the instrument, in vitro diagnostic (IVD) reagents, medical only used for animal and supplies were 51.6%, 35.7%, 7.6% and 5.1%, respectively. The sales amount of veterinary medical devices is approximately 95.8 billion won in 2017. The sales of domestic consumption and imports were 53.9 and 41.9 billion won, respectively. They are increasing 14.9% (CAGR) in the domestic consumption, and 44.0% (CAGR) in the export from 2011 to 2017, respectively. The proportion of IVD reagents, instrument, medical only used for animal and supplies were 54.2%, 41.0%, 3.8%, and 1.0%, respectively. The top 10 items with high sales were IVD reagents for clinical immunochemistry, visceral function testing instrument, hematological testing apparatus, syringes, IVD reagents for molecular genetics, etc. They are widely used from 3,926 animal hospitals in 2017. This study suggested that registration and sales of veterinary medical devices have gradually increased since 2013 as the demand of health care services for various animals. Therefore, the veterinary medical devices industry is expected to grow in the future.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.215-224
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• 2019

As various populations are rapidly becoming an aging society worldwide and interest in health issues has increased, demand for functional foods including herbal products has increased markedly to maintain a healthy state which has led to safety issues about their intake as an inevitable result. The objective of this study was to identify the safety profile of a Korean red ginseng and Salvia plebeia R. Br. extract mixture (KGC-03-PS) which is a valuable ingredient that can be used as a functional food. In the present study, the subacute oral toxicity and bacterial reverse mutagenicity of KGC-03-PS were evaluated. Sprague Dawley rats were administered KGC-03-PS orally for 28 days by gavage. Daily KGC-03-PS dose concentrations were 0, 500, 1,000, or 2,000 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day. Bacterial reverse mutation test with KGC-03-PS dose levels ranging from 312.5 to $5,000{\mu}g/plate$ was carried out by OECD test guideline No. 471. Five bacterial strains (Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, and Escherichia coli WP2) were tested in the presence or absence of metabolic activation by plate incorporation method. There were no toxicological effects related with test substance in the clinical evaluation of subacute oral toxicity test including clinical signs, body weight, and food consumption. Moreover, no toxicological changes related to KGC-03-PS were observed in the hematological and serum biochemical characteristics as well as in the pathological examinations, which included organ weight measurements and in the gross- or histopathological findings. KGC-03-PS did not induce an increase in the number of revertant colonies in all bacterial strains of the bacterial reverse mutation test. The no-observed-adverse-effect level of KGC-03-PS is greater than 2,000 mg/kg bw/day, and KGC-03-PS did not induce genotoxicity related to bacterial reverse mutations under the conditions used in this study.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.828-835
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• 2018

The objective of this study was to examine the biochemical parameters of hepatic function such as serum level of ALT (alanine aminotransferase), AST (aspartate aminotransferase), ALP (alkaline phosphatase), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), and content of TG (triglyceride) and cholesterol, and tissue immunological changes of the $CCl_4$-treated rats with administration of the mixed sample extract (MSE). The liver weight in $CCl_4$-administered experimental control group (EC) was slightly higher than that of normal control (NC) group. Hepatic damage parameters (ALT, AST, ALP, LDH & TG) in serum of the EC group were significantly higher than those in serum of the NC and silymarin-treated positive control (PC) group. On the other hand, these hepatic damage parameters of MSE-treated experimental (E1 & E2) groups were significantly lower than those of EC group. The number of WBC, neutrophils, lymphocytes and platelets, and the contents of hemoglobin, and hematocrit in EC group were significantly higher than those of NC group. However, the number of WBC and lymphocytes in E1 and E2 groups were significantly lower than those of EC group. Also, the collagen developmental areas in the liver of NC and PC groups by hepatic immuno-histological findings were found slightly positive. Whereas, hepatic fibrous developmental tissue of EC group was strongly positive brown color band, those of E1 & E2 groups were decreased. Therefore, it was concluded that the induction of hepatic fibrous tissue activation had a preventive effect of MSE against the $CCl_4$-induced hepatic damage in rats. However, further study is needed in this filed.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.327-332
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 4 week folic acid and vitamin B12 intake on hematological, immune and aerobic anaerobic exercise performance in female basketball players. The subjects were divided into nine groups: ingestion and control group. The results were as follows; 4 weeks of folic acid and vitamin B12 before and after ingestion. There was a significant effect on intake of aerobic and anaerobic capacity, and blood factor analysis showed a significant effect on intake of RBC and Hct. In conclusion, considering the results of the above study, it is expected that folic acid and vitamin B12 intake for improvement of anaerobic and anaerobic exercise ability of female basketball player can improve the performance.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.33-37
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• 2021

Background: Children with cleft lip and/or palate can be undernourished due to feeding difficulties after birth. A vicious cycle ensues where malnutrition and low body weight precludes the child from having the corrective surgery, in the absence of which the child fails to gain weight. This study aimed to identify the proportion of malnutrition, including the deficiency of major micronutrients, namely iron, folate and vitamin B12, in children with cleft lip and/or palate and thus help in finding out what nutritional interventions can improve the scenario for these children. Methods: All children less than 5 years with cleft lip and/or cleft palate attending our institute were included. On their first visit, following were recorded: demographic data, assessment of malnutrition, investigations: complete blood count and peripheral blood film examination; serum albumin, ferritin, iron, folate, and vitamin B12 levels. Results: Eighty-one children with cleft lip and/or palate were included. Mean age was 25.37±21.49 months (range, 3-60 months). In 53% of children suffered from moderate to severe wasting, according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification. Iron deficiency state was found in 91.6% of children. In 35.80% of children had vitamin B12 deficiency and 23.45% had folate deficiency. No correlation was found between iron deficiency and the type of deformity. Conclusion: Iron deficiency state is almost universally present in children with cleft lip and palate. Thus, iron and folic acid supplementation should be given at first contact to improve iron reserve and hematological parameters for optimum and safe surgery.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.303-313
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• 2023

This study aimed to investigate the relevance of cardiovascular disease risk factors AI and AIP, divided into three groups, among 300 individuals who underwent health checkups at the hospital. Various variables such as Age, Sex, BMI, WC, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, FBS, HbA1C, SBP, DBP, HR, AI (TC/HDL-C), and AIP (log(TG/HDL-C)) were analyzed using statistical methods including frequency analysis, cross-tabulation, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis. The cross-analysis based on cardiovascular disease risk criteria revealed that men and individuals in their 50s had higher cardiovascular disease risk based on AI and AIP. Significant differences were observed in TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, SBP, DBP, AI (TC/HDL-C), and AIP (log(TG/HDL-C)) according to AI criteria. For the AIP criteria, TG, TC, HDL-C, FBS, HbA1C, HR, AI (TC/HDL-C), and AIP (log(TG/HDL-C)) were identified as cardiovascular disease risk factors. FBS and HbA1c showed the highest positive correlation In the correlation analysis, followed by TC and LDL-C. The lowest positive correlation was observed between LDL-C and DBP. In terms of negative correlation, HDL-C and AI had the highest negative correlation, while LDL-C and TG showed the lowest negative correlation. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the AI and AIP risk criteria had explanatory powers of 73.6% and 72.5%, respectively. HDL-C had the greatest negative effect on the AI risk criterion, while TG had the most significant influence on the AIP risk criterion. In conclusion, while other serological variables are important, managing HDL-C and TG levels may help reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.64-74
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• 2024

This pilot study aimed to investigate the effects of regional and seasonal variations on the prevalence of Theileria orientalis and the hematological profile of non-grazed dairy cows in Korea. A total of 365 clinically healthy lactating Holstein Friesian cows from 26 dairy farms in 7 provinces that were categorized into northern, central, and southern regions were sampled during the warm period from July to August and the cold period from October to December. The detection of T. orientalis major piroplasm surface protein gene and the hematology non-grazed dairy cows were analyzed using peripheral blood samples. The T. orientalis prevalence was 20.0% (73/365). The prevalence in the southern region was 35.9%, which was significantly higher than that in the central (21.6%) and northern (12.9%) regions (P<0.05). The prevalence during warm period was higher (43.0%) than that during the cold season (13.5%). The infected cows showed significantly lower erythrocyte counts in the southern region (5.8±0.6 M/㎕) and during the warm period (5.8±0.7 M/㎕) compared with those in the central and northern regions and during the cold season, which affected the extended RBC parameters, including hematocrit and hemoglobin concentrations. Our findings revealed the prevalence of T. orientalis in Korea, highlighting its high occurrence during warm periods and in certain geographical regions. Climatic factors could contribute to the health and productivity of cattle, as evidenced by the prevalence of T. orientalis and its negative impact on animals.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.275-282
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• 2024

This study analyzed the factors that influence the development of gynecomastia by comparing blood test results and lifestyle between patients diagnosed with gynecomastia and normal control group. Independent sample t-test and chi-square tests were conducted to examine the mean differences among risk factors, and logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the relative risk ratio of various predictors influencing the development of gynecomastia. Age, HGB, HCT, TC, glucose, ALT, alcohol consumption, hair loss medication and medication for benign prostatic hyperplasia were identified as significant variables. Notably, the use of hair loss medication showed the highest univariate odds ratio of 15.79, while HGB decreased by a factor of 0.37. These results suggest that these could play a significant role in the onset of gynecomastia and could serve as foundational data for future diagnosis and management of the condition.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.59-75
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• 2005

The experiments were undertaken to evaluate the effects of Bosaengtang in pregnant rats and fetuses. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were orally administered with Bosaengtang at the dose of 5mg/kg/day for 20 days. Pregnant rats were sacrificed at the 20th day of gestation, and observed internal and reproductive organs. Fetuses were randomly selected and fixed in 95% ethanol. Fetuses were stained with alcian blue and alizarin red S, and observed skeletal malformations. The results obtained were as follows : Bosaengtang administered group showed higher maternal body weight than the control group, but both groups showed increase in weight. Bosaengtang administered group showed lower than the control group, and higher liver and kidney weight than the control group, but the differences were minimal. There were no significant changes between the control and treated group in blood chemistry values and hematological values but all the groups were within in normal ranges. There were no significant changes in the number of corpus luteum, implantation, live fetus and implantation rate, delivery rate, late resorption rate, sex ratio, but Bosaengtang administered group showed higher early resorption rate than control group. comparing the control and Bosaengtang group, neonatal body weight and the number of fetuses were increased in Bosaengtang group. The fetuses of dams treated with Oriental medicine didn't showed external malformation. Vertebral and sternal variations were observed in Bosaengtang group, but the differences were not apparent compared to the control group. The number of ribs, cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae were normal. The number of sacral was similar and the number of caudal was increased. Fetuses showed significant difference in the number of caudal vertebrae. (P<0.01) From these results, we can carefully conclude that Bosaengtang showed beneficial effects on maternal body weight, early resorption rate, number of live fetus. There were no significant changes in organ weight, hematoscopy, reproduction organs. External malformation wasn't visible. Skeletal variations were showed in vertebrae and sternum but compared to the control group, these variations weren't much different.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.19-30
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to obtain the fundamental data for health assessment of cultured fishes. A series of hematological studies and blood chemistries were made on cultured israeli carps from May, 1988 to May, 1989. The results of this study were as followings : 1. The blood constituents of healthy carps were Hct $32{\pm}3.4%$, Hb $8.3{\pm}0.9g/l$, RBCs $132{\pm}27.6({\times}10^4cm^3)$), Total protein $2.7{\pm}0.7g/dl$, GOT $143{\pm}19.5U$, GPT $50{\pm}14.2U$, Total glucose $70{\pm}12.6mg/dl$ and BUN $7.5{\pm}1.9mg/dl$, etc. 2. The blood constituents by change of water temperature with the control of $23^{\circ}C$ showed the decrease in Hct and RBCs at $18^{\circ}C$, and the increase in Hct, RBCs and glucose at $28^{\circ}C$. 3. The blood constituents by change of dissolved oxigen with the control of 4.5ppm showed the increase in Hct and RBCs at 3ppm, and the decrease in Hct and RBCs at 7ppm. 4. In the case of intramuscular injection of Streptococcus sp. with $10^6cells$/fish infection dose, there showed marked decrease in Hct, RBCs, glucose and BUN with inflammatory reaction, and the fishes were recovered in 16 days. 5. In the case on intraperitoneal injection of Streptococcus sp. with $10^4cells$/fish infection dose, there showed decrease in Hct, RBCs and BUN with inflammatory reaction, but there were no dead cases. 6. In the case of intramuscular injection of Edwardsilla tarda with $1.2{\times}10^8cells$/fish infection dose, there showed decrease in Hct and RBCs, and increase in TCHO, GOT, GPT and BUN with marked inflammatory reaction, and 60% of inoculated fishes were died within 3 or 4 days.