• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.2291-2297
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• 2012

Objective: Gastric cancer is an important public health problem in the world and Turkey. In addition to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), smoking, alcohol consumption and family history, certain dietary factors have been associated with its occurrence. The impact of dietary habits and life-style factors on the risk of gastric cancer in Turkey were evaluated in this study. Design: A questionnaire was applied to 106 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and 106 controls without cancer matched for age (range 28-85 years) and gender selected from a hospital based population. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated with logistic regression analysis. Results: The incidence of H. pylori was 81.3% in patients. Frequent consumption of salty dishes, very salty foods like pickles, soup mixes, sausages, foods at hot temperature (ORs = 3.686, 7.784, 5.264, 3.148 and 3.273 respectively) and adding salt without tasting (OR = 4.198) were associated with increased gastric risk. Also heavy smoking and high amount of alcohol consumption (p = 0.000) were risk factors. Frequent consumption of green vegetables, onion, garlic and dried fruits (ORs = 0.569, 0.092, 0.795 and 0.041) was nonsignificantly associated with decreased risk. Conclusion: Improved dietary habits, reducing salt consumption and eradication of H. pylori infection may provide protection against gastric cancer in Turkey.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제84권3호
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• pp.750-756
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• 2023

자발적 동맥 출혈은 드물며, 속가슴동맥의 자발적 파열에 의한 혈종은 이전에 보고된 바가 없다. 간경화증이 있거나 과음하는 환자는 출혈의 위험성이 더 큰 것으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 알코올성 간경화증을 가진 39세 여성에서 자발적 속가슴동맥 출혈로 인해 발생한 거대한 종격동 혈종의 증례를 보고하고자 한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.723-737
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• 2021

본 연구는 음주문제가 있는 자활근로사업 참여자의 음주경험의 의미와 본질을 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 현재 지역자활센터에 자활근로사업에 참여중인 문제음주자 7명을 대상으로 심층면접을 실시하여 자료를 수집하고, 현상학적 질적 방법으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 26개의 주제, 7개의 주제모음, 3개의 범주를 도출하였다. 연구참여자의 음주경험의 본질적 의미는 '직업수행에 대한 성취감과 소속감', '직장생활의 연장', '사회적 관계 유지', '자활참여를 위한 주중 조절음주', '작업환경에 피해를 주지 않기 위한 최소한의 노력', '과음에서 비롯된 결근에 대한 자책과 반성', '음주문제에 대한 자각'으로 드러났다. 분석을 통해 참여자는 직업수행에 대한 성취감과 소속감으로 음주를 하였고, 술자리는 직장생활의 연장이자 사회적 관계를 유지하기 위한 것이었다. 동시에 자활근로사업에 참가하는 평일에는 나름대로 절주를 함으로써 숙취 상태에서 작업환경에 방해가 되는 일이 없기 위한 최소한의 노력을 한다. 과음에서 비롯된 결근은 자책과 반성을 하게 되고, 더 나아가 자신의 문제음주를 자각하는 과정에 있음을 확인했다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.344-352
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was to test the reliability and validity of a Drinking Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire-Revised (DRSEQ-R) in Korean college students, Methods: The DRSEQ-R was designed to assess an individual's belief in their ability to refuse drinking alcohol by Oei et al. (2005) and consisted of three factors (social pressure, opportunity, and emotional relief). A methodological study design with an exploratory factor analysis for validity and correlation coefficients for reliability was used. DRSEQ-R was translated into Korean and a translation equivalency was obtained. DRSEQ-R was tested with a sample of 201 college students in Korea. The subjects consisted of 106 males and 95 females. Principal component factor analysis was used for construct validity and Cronbach's alpha was used to evaluate for internal consistency of the instrument. Results: The factor analysis showed three factors explaining 66.3% of total variance and the corresponding factors were emotional relief (48.01%), drinking contextual opportunity (11.18%), and social pressure (7.14%). The internal consistency was acceptable (Cronbach's alpha=.937). All three factors of DRSEQ-R negatively correlated with alcohol dependency and a heavy drinker showed a lower DRSEQ-R than a moderate drinker. Conclusion: Based on the findings, DRSEQ-R is a reliable and valid instrument to measure for drinking refusal self-efficacy in Korean college students.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.321-331
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was designed to identify the incidence risk of cardicerebrovascular disease (CVD) among male bus drivers, and to examine and compare the predictors of their health behavior according to the level of CVD incidence risk. Methods: The convenience sample of 222 male bus drivers were recruited from a bus company located in Jeonnam province. Data were collected from self-reported questionnaires and annual medical examination records from 2010. The CVD incidence risk was calculated based on the risk criteria for industrial workers. Results: The 26.6% and 26.1% of the participants were in the moderate and high risk group, respectively. The 72% of the participants were in the precontemplation stage and reported no intention to change their unhealthy lifestyles. Stepwise multiple regression analyses showed that current smoking, excessive alcohol drinking, physical inactivity and lack of knowledge were negative predictors of good health behavior in the normal/low risk group (Adj $R^2$=.443). Heavy alcohol drinking, current smoking, physical inactivity and dyslipidemia were reported by the moderate/high risk group (Adj $R^2$=.427). Conclusion: This study suggested that targeted education and counseling are needed to modify unhealthy lifestyles such as alcohol consumption, smoking and exercise among middle aged male drivers. Especially, dyslipidemia should be managed among those who are at risk for CVD.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.151-169
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• 2015

Objectives: The deleterious effects of air pollution on various health outcomes have been demonstrated. However, few studies have examined the effects of air pollution on liver enzyme levels. Methods: Blood samples were drawn up to three times between 2008 and 2010 from 545 elderly individuals who regularly visited a community welfare center in Seoul, Korea. Data regarding ambient air pollutants (particulate matter ${\leq}2.5{\mu}m$ [$PM_{2.5}$], nitrogen dioxide [$NO_2$], ozone [$O_3$], carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide) from monitoring stations were used to estimate air pollution exposure. The effects of the air pollutants on the concentrations of three liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], and ${\gamma}$-glutamyltranspeptidase [${\gamma}$-GTP)]) were evaluated using generalized additive and linear mixed models. Results: Interquartile range increases in the concentrations of the pollutants showed significant associations of $PM_{2.5}$ with AST (3.0% increase, p=0.0052), ALT (3.2% increase, p=0.0313), and ${\gamma}$-GTP (5.0% increase, p=0.0051) levels; $NO_2$ with AST (3.5% increase, p=0.0060) and ALT (3.8% increase, p=0.0179) levels; and $O_3$ with ${\gamma}$-GTP (5.3% increase, p=0.0324) levels. Significant modification of these effects by exercise and alcohol consumption was found (p for interaction <0.05). The effects of air pollutants were greater in non-exercisers and heavy drinkers. Conclusions: Short-term exposure to air pollutants such as $PM_{2.5}$, $NO_2$, and $O_3$ is associated with increased liver enzyme levels in the elderly. These adverse effects can be reduced by exercising regularly and abstinence from alcohol.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.17-30
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• 2002

BACKGROUND: Back pain is a popular disease in general population as well as in workers. School students handle heavy bag and keep awkward postures during class long time. However, the prevalence of back pain among students and the risk factors associated with back pain are not well known. METHODS: In this study, we assess the frequency of risk factors for back pain among 2,717 high school students. From April 2001 to May 2001, using a self-reported questionnaire, we collected data on occurrence of back pain and potential risk factors for back pain. RESULTS: Fifteen percent of high school students reported having daily back pain for a week or more during the past 12 months. Female students had a higher prevalence of back pain than males(OR=2.22, 95% CI 1.69-2.91). Using a multiple logistic regression model, we found six factors associated with back pain for females; alcohol(OR=1.75, 95% CI 1.26-2.45), depression(OR=1.75, 95% CI 1.84-2.28), poor physical health(OR=2.57, 95% CI 1.84-8.58), obesity(OR=0.29, 95% CI 0.12-0.68), exercise(OR=l.50, 95% CI=1.07-2.16), and good performance(OR=l.50, 95% CI 1.05-2.18). Only alcohol, however, associated with back pain for males(OR=1.70, 95% CI 1.05-2.77) CONCLUSIONS: High school students had a relatively high prevalence of back pain. Students with alcohol consumption had the higher risk for back pain.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제31권5_6호
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• pp.747-767
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• 2013

In this paper we have constructed a mathematical model of alcohol abuse which consists of four compartments corresponding to four population classes, namely, moderate and occasional drinkers, heavy drinkers, drinkers in treatment and temporarily recovered class. Basic reproduction number $R_0$ has been determined and sensitivity analysis of $R_0$ indicates that ${\beta}1$ (the transmission coefficient from moderate and occasional drinker to heavy drinker) is the most useful parameter for preventing drinking habit. Stability analysis of the model is made using the basic reproduction number. The model is locally asymptotically stable at disease free or problem free equilibrium (DFE) $E_0$ when $R_0&lt;1$. It is found that, when $R_0=1$, a backward bifurcation can occur and when $R_0&gt;1$, the endemic equilibrium $E^*$ becomes stable. Further analysis gives the global asymptotic stability of DFE under some conditions. Our important analytical findings are illustrated through computer simulation. Epidemiological implications of our analytical findings are addressed critically.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.173-177
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• 1995

Multiple primary malignant neoplasms occur relatively frequently today and are important especially in the head and neck area for they usually carry a bad prognosis. Detection of a synchronous primary tumor at the time of initial work-up is crucial both for management and final outcome. The first case was a T1 hypopharyngeal cancer with a mid-esophageal second primary who complained of a huge neck node. The second case was a T3 hypopharyngeal cancer who was initially seen by the chest surgeons for a large lower esophageal tumor. The third case was a patient previously operated for stomach adenocarcinoma three years ago, who had newly developed symptoms like dysphagia and hoarseness, and was diagnosed as hypopharyngeal T3 with oropharyngeal second primary cancer. Three cases were all heavy smokers and had histories of heavy alcohol consumption. They were all treated at the same sitting by en-block resection of the involved organs and postoperative radiation therapy. The authors have recently experienced 3 cases of synchronous second primary cancers in association with hypopharyngeal cancer and a report is made.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.244-252
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was aimed to examine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular risk factors among workers at small-sized companies having fewer than 50employees in Korea. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using a secondary data analysis on workers' health examination data. Data from 21,784 employed workers were analyzed, including 16,488 males (mean age 38.7years)and 5,296 females (mean age 40.5 years). Participants were newly enrolled in annual health check-ups at a professional health clinic from 2009 to 2011. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify age-adjusted gender specific predicting factors of MetS incidence. Results: The prevalence of MetS was 13.4% in male and 7.7% in female workers. Logistic regression analysis showed that, when age was adjusted for, family history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) was a predicting factor in both male and female workers. For male workers, heavy alcohol drinking and non-manual occupation (office workers/drivers) predicted MetS. Conclusion: Health care providers should screen for MetS periodically in small work places especially for those with a family history of CVD. Educational counseling needs to be given to male workers with sedentary occupations with an aim to reduce heavy drinking and encourage lifestyle modification.